八年级英语上册 单词巧学妙记 第8组素材 人教新目标版VIP

第8组look over （仔细）检查【例句】(The doctor is) looking over Mrs. Brown very carefully. 医生正在给布朗夫人做细致地检查。The teacher is looking over the examination papers. 老师在审阅试卷。enoughadj. 足够的；充分的【例句】I have enough money to buy the computer. 我有足够的钱去买那台电脑。The room is big enough to hold ten persons.这房间足够大，可以容纳10个人。【用法】enough“足够的，足够地”。作形容词修饰名词时，既可以放在所修饰的名词的后面，也可以放在所修饰的名词的前面；作副词修饰形容词或另外一个副词时，一定要放在其后。例如：Theres enough fruit for everyone.有足够的水果给大家吃。He works hard enough. 他工作足够地卖力。take exercise 做运动【例句】You dont take enough exercise. 你没有做足够的锻炼。Do you often take some exercises in the morning? 你清早经常做些运动吗？fatadj. 肥胖的【例句】Oh dear! You mean Im too fat? 噢，天啊!你说我太胖?Oh, you look fatter than before. 哦，你看上去比以前胖多了。【助记】fat（胖的）fatter（较胖的）fattest（最胖的）thinadj. 瘦的；薄的【例句】What do I have to do if I want to be thinner? 我怎么做才能瘦一些呢？The ice on the river is thin. You cant walk on it. 河面上的冰很薄，你不能在上面走。【助记】thing去掉尾巴变thin（瘦了）islandn. 岛；岛状物【例句】Were going to visit an Island at the weekend. 我们周末去参观一个岛屿。Taiwan is the largest island of China. 台湾是中国最大的岛屿。fartheradj.& adv.（far的比较级）较远；更远【例句】Why dont we go to the farther one? 为什么我们不去更远的那个呢?I cant walk any farther. 我再也走不动了。【助记】farther（更远） father（爸爸）同音不同义farthestadj.& adv.（far的最高级）最远【例句】How about the farthest one? 去最远的岛，怎么样?Li Lei swims the farthest in his class. 李雷是他班上游泳游得最远。【助记】far（远的）farther（较远的）farthest（最远的）somewhereadv. 某处；在某处【例句】How do you feel when you are alone somewhere? 你独自一个在某个地方时你会感觉怎样？Its too cold here. Lets go somewhere else. 这儿太冷了，咱们到别的地方去吧。【助记】some（一些）where（地方）somewhere（某处；在某处）【用法】somewhere是副词，意为“某处；在某处”。somewhere，anywhere与一些复合不定代词一样，其后也可以跟形容词。例如：Lets go somewhere quiet and do some reading.咱们去找个清静的地方看书吧。landv. 登陆；上岸；降落【例句】The children land on the island. 孩子们登上了岛。They landed at London. 他们在伦敦上岸。【用法】land作名词时用来指大片的土地或一国的土地。earth用来指具体事物所用的泥土。pullv. 拉；拖；拔【例句】Lets pull it out of the water. 我们把它从水中拉出来吧。He pulled his chair up to the table. 他把椅子拉近桌子。【助记】pull（拉）push（推）【用法】pull down（拆除）；pull up（停下）；pull out（拉出）out ofprep. 从向外；从往外【例句】I looked out of the window.我向窗外望去。 Look! Jim is walking out of the teachers office. 看！吉姆正从办公室里走出来。cooladj. 凉的；凉快的【例句】We must keep it cool. 我们必须让它凉着。This milk is not cool enough to drink. 牛奶烫，不能喝。anybodypron. 任何人【例句】Does anybody live on this island? 这个岛上有人居住吗?If anybody has any questions, please ask me. 如果有人有问题，请问我。【助记】anyone（任何一个） anybody（任何人） anything（任何事） anyhow（无论如何）【用法】anybody和anyone意思和用法相同，anybody或anyone作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Is there anybody in the room? 房间里有人吗？ourselvespron. 我们自己【例句】We must do it ourselves. 我们必须自己做它。Wed better go and see it ourselves. 我们最好亲自去瞧瞧。【助记】our（我们的）selves（self，自己，变复数）ourselves（我们自己）all by oneself 独立；单独【例句】Were alone here. Were all by ourselves. 只有我们在这儿，只有我们这伙人。She went there all by herself. 她是独自去那里的。【用法】by oneself意思是“独自；独立”，其前可用all加强语气，构成all by oneself短语，可以充当句子的表语或状语。例如：Did you do this by yourself or have someone help you？这是你自己做的，还是请别人帮你做的？perhapsadv. 也许；可能【例句】Perhaps there are some dangerous animals on this island. 这个岛上可能有危险的动物。Perhaps the weather will get better next week. 也许下周天气会好转。【助记】per（每一）hap（可能）sperhaps每一种情况都会成为可能【用法】perhaps, maybe, possibly都表示“可能，大概”，按其表示的可能性的大小排列为：perhapsmaybepossiblyhappilyadv. 高兴地；快乐地【例句】They talked and laughed happily. 他们又说又笑，非常开心。How happily they had last Sunday! 上星期天他们玩得真快乐！lots of 许许多多的【例句】They picked lots of bananas, and took them back to the boat. 他们摘了很多香蕉，然后把它们带回到船上。I have lots of homework to do tonight. 今晚我有很多家庭作业要做。【用法】lots ofa lot of“许多的；大量的”，后可接可数名词，也可接不可数名词。例如：A lot of people came to the party. 很多人来参加了这次聚会。no longer 不再【例句】The picnic basket was no longer under the tree. 树下的野餐篮不见了。He was no longer a student, but a doctor.他已不再是个学生。而是名医生了。【用法】no longer意为“不再”，等于not any longer，相当于notany more。no loner多置于助动词、情态动词后，其他动词前。例如：After a year, he could not wait any longer.一年后，他不再等下去了。missingadj. 丢失的；失踪的【例句】The basket is missing! 篮子不见了。One of his pens is missing. 他的一枝钢笔不见了。【助记】miss（丢失）ingmissing（丢失的）【用法】missing多指“某人或某物不在适当的或预定的地方”，意为“不见的；失踪的”，而lost没有这种含义。lost可指“失去的（不再拥有某人或某物的）；遗失的”。例如：All the men in the ship were lost in the storm. 全体船员在那次风雨中遇难。cryv. 哭；叫喊【例句】“Im afraid!”cried Kate. “我害怕。”凯特叫道。The baby is crying for milk. 婴儿哭着要牛奶。get back 回来；取回【例句】We wont go until we get it back again!”我们不把它（篮子）找回来就不回去!When did you get your things back? 你是什么时候把东西取回的？【用法】get back在此处意为“取回”，是及物动词词组；get back意为“返回；回来”时，相当于be back，是不及物动词词组。例如：You cant get them back without her help.没有她的帮助，你难把它们取回来。Hell get back as soon as the meeting is over.会议一结束，他就回来。tooto 太而不能【例句】Its too heavy to carry. 它太重了不能搬起来。This question is too hard for me to work it out这道题太难了，我算不出来。【用法】tooto是英语中常用的一种结构。其句型为“too十形容词或副词原级十to do”译为“太而（以致）不能”，它在形式上是肯定的，但在意义上是否定的。例如：The room is too wet to live in. 房间太潮不能住。anywhereadv. 任何地方【例句】I cant find it anywhere. 我到处都找不到它。We can go anywhere you like. 你喜欢哪里我们就去哪里。solvev. 解决；解答【例句】Who can solve this problem? 谁能解决这个问题？They solved some difficulties for farmers. 他们为农民解决了一些困难。【用法】solve意思是“解决；解答”，其宾语可以是“问题、困难、麻烦事、方程”等。例如：How are you going to solve these questions？你准备怎样解答这些问题？believev. 相信；认为【例句】I believe you. 我相信你。We believe him to be right. 我们相信他是对的。【用法】believe意思是“相信”。例如：I just could not believe my eyes.我简直不能相信自己的眼睛。believe in十名词，意为“相信的存在；信任”，一般指“信仰、人格、价值”等。例如：They all believe in you.他们都对你非常信任。everybodypron. 每人；人人【例句】I believe everybody can. 我相信人人都能做。Everybody is listening to the teacher carefully. 每个人都在认真听讲。【助记】nobody（谁也不）anybody（任何人）everybody（每个人）somebody（有人）【用法】everybody每个人；nobody谁也不；anybody任何人；somebody有人等为不定代词，在句子中作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。其修饰语要放在之后。例如：Is there anybody else in the room?房间里还有别的人吗？sooner or later 迟早【例句】Sooner or later youll find it somewhere. 你迟早会找到它的。Sooner or later hell understand what I said. 迟早他会明白我的意思的。【用法】sooner or later是个固定短语，意思是“迟早”，在句子中常常充当状语。值得注意的是，英汉民族的思维习惯不同，其语言的表达习惯也随之各异。因此，在学习中，要注意某些表达的词序差异。dropv. 掉下；落下n. 滴；水滴【例句】The monkeys dropped the basket. 猴子丢下了篮子。The fruit dropped from the tree.水果从树上落下。【用法】drop动词，意为“落下；掉下”。例如：She dropped her bag in the taxi.她把包掉在出租车里了。drop作名词，有“滴，少量”的意思。例如：a drop of rain一滴雨a drop of water一滴水；drop作动词还有“放弃，不再干”的意思。同义短语为give up。例如：Li Ming is weak in maths. He wants to drop it (give it up) .李明数学差，他想放弃它。run away 逃跑【例句】The child cried and run away. 小孩哭着跑开了。When he saw me, he was afraid and ran away.当他看到我时，很害怕，跑掉了。asconj. 因为；由于【例句】As it rained yesterday, the ground was too wet. 因为昨天下雨了，所以地面很湿。As I had a cold, I didnt go to school yesterday. 因为感冒，我昨天没去上学。eat up 吃光；吃完【例句】As they were very hungry, they ate up all the food very soon. 因为他们都很饿了，所以很快就吃光了所有的食物。The cakes are for you only. Please eat them up.这些蛋糕是专为你们准备的，请把它们吃光吧。bankn.（海、河、湖的）岸；堤 【例句】The boat was not on the bank. 船已不在岸上了。They often go for a walk on the bank. 他们经常在河边散步。circlen. 圈子；圆【例句】They sat in a circle around the ground. 他们围着操场坐成一圈。The children are standing in a circle. 孩子们围成一个圆圈。yetadv.（于否定句）还（没）【例句】I dont know how to use it yet. 我还不知道怎么用它。Its not time to go home yet.还不到回家的时候。【用法】yet用作副词，意为“还”，多用于否定句。yet用于疑问句，有“已经”的含义。例如：Is he back yet？他己经回来了吗？在否定句中，yet一般被置于否定词后。在肯定句中，表达“还；仍然”的含义时，用still。而且，still在问句中也表示“还；仍然”。例如：Is your mother still in hospital？你妈妈仍在住院吗？myselfpron. 我自己【例句】I have to learn to use it all by myself. 我必须自己学会操作它。I can do it by myself. 我自己能做。【用法】by myself（我独自地）cousinn. 堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹【例句】My cousin is working at a computer company. 我表姐在一家电脑公司工作。She is my cousin. 她是我表妹。engineern. 工程师【例句】Shes a computer engineer. 她是个电脑工程师。His father is an engineer. 他父亲是个工程师。【助记】engine（发动机）er名词后缀engineer（工程师）cancern. 癌症【例句】He has cancer. 他得了癌症。caren. 小心；照料；保护 take care of 照顾；照料；注意【例句】I had to take care of my younger brother at home. 我不得不留在家里照顾我小弟弟。Give more care to your health.你要多注意身体。【用法】take care是动词词组，意思是“当心；注意”。同义短语为look out或be careful。例如：Take care! You may fall from the bike.当心!你会从自行车上掉下来的。take care of也是动词词组，意为“照料；照顾”相当干look after 例如：Who will take care of your daughter if you go with us？如果你跟我们去的话，谁照看你女儿？sadadj. 难过的；悲哀的【例句】What makes you sad? 什么使你难受？The bad news made him sad. 这个坏消息使他很难过。【助记】sad（难过的）bad（坏的）deathn. 死；死亡【例句】It makes me very sad when I think of my little dogs death. 一想到我小狗的死我就非常难受。He died for his country. His death is heavier than the Mount Tai.他为国而死。他的死比泰山还重。【助记】dead（死的）death（死亡）pagen.（书的）页【例句】a page from a students diary 学生日记一则palacen. 宫；宫殿 the Summer Palace 颐和园【例句】My friends all went to the Summer Palace. 我的朋友们都去了颐和园。【助记】place（地点）palace（宫殿）herselfpron. 她自己【例句】I cant leave her by herself. 我不能把她单独留下。She said to herself. 她自言自语。【助记】her（她）+self（自己）herself（她自己）turn on 打开（电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等）【例句】I turned on the radio. 我打开收音机。Its dark. Turn on the lights, please. 天黑了，请打开灯。whilen. 一会儿 after a while 过了一会儿【例句】After a while she started to cry again. 过了一会，她又开始哭了。In a short while we couldnt see him. 不一会我们就看不见他了。【用法】for a while（一段时间）；in a short while（不一会儿）；after a while（过一会儿）turn off 关(电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等)【例句】I turned off the radio. 我关上了收音机。Please turn off the light before you left. 在你离开之前不灯关掉。any more 再；更【例句】The baby watched and listened, and she didnt cry any more. 小孩边看边听，不再哭了。I want another one, any more? 我想再要一个，还有吗？make faces 做鬼脸【例句】I made faces and jumped like a monkey. 我做鬼脸并像猴子一样跳来跳去。We mustnt make faces in class. 我们一定不要在课堂上做鬼脸。wholeadj. 全部的【例句】I told him the whole story. 我把整件事都告诉了他。It rained three whole days.雨下了整整三天。【用法】whole是形容词，意为“整个的；完整的”，相当于all。但二者不尽相同。all放在定冠词、物主代词指示代词之前，而whole放在冠词、物主代词、指示代词后，名词前。例如：all the city；the whole city. all不直接与a连用，whole可与a连用。如：a whole book一整套书。wonderfuladj. 极好的；精彩的【例句】Im sure youll have a wonderful time. 我肯定你会玩得非常愉快！The weather is wonderful. 天气好极了。【助记】wonder（奇迹，惊奇）ful（常见形容词后缀）wonderful（极好的）have a cold （患）感冒【例句】I had a cold and went to bed early. 我感冒了，所以早点睡觉。Put on your coat, or youll have a cold. 穿上你的外套，不然会感冒的。onceadv. 曾经；以前【例句】Once there was an old tiger. 很久以前有一只年老的老虎。He was once rich. 他曾经很富有。【用法】once“曾经，从前”。Once there was是在故事开头的常用结构，意思是“从前有”。at once（立刻）；once more（再一次）himselfpron. 他自己【例句】He didnt often go to look for food himself. 他自己不经常出去找吃的。He himself did the work. 是他自己做的这项工作。【助记】him（他）self（自己）himself（他自己）toothn.（teeth）牙齿【例句】Look at his big teeth. 瞧他的大牙齿。Do you often brush your teeth at night? 你经常在晚上刷牙吗？killv. 杀死；弄死【例句】Ill kill you! 我要杀了你!The cold weather killed the flowers. 寒冷的天气把花冻死了。teach oneself 自学【例句】She taught herself. 她自学。Tom taught himself Chinese.汤姆自学汉语。【用法】反身代词用来表示“某人自己”的意思。常和句子中的主语保持一致，在句中的语法功能主要有以下四种：(1)作宾语。The boy taught himself English.这孩子自学英语。(2)作表语，表示与主语同一人或物。The poor girl was herself.那个可怜的女孩就是她自己。(3)作宾语的同位语，置宾语后。Youd better ask Mr. Brown himself.你最好安问布朗先生本人。(4)反身代词与一些动词连用，构成习惯搭配。buy oneself sth（给自己买东西）；enjoy oneself（过得开心，玩得愉快）；help oneself to（请随便吃）；hurt oneself（伤着自己）learn by oneself（自学）；teach oneself（自学）；leave one by oneself（把某人单独留下）。fall off （从）下【例句】Lily is falling off her bike. 莉莉正从自行车上摔下来。He fell off the horse yesterday. 他昨天从马上掉了下来。【用法】fall of后面带宾语时，off是介词，表示“从”；fall off后面不带宾语时，off是副词。cleveradj .聪明的；机灵的【例句】How clever(she is)! 她真聪明！She is clever at learning French. 她在学习法语方面是很聪明的。【用法】clever“聪明的，伶俐的”，是一个使用范围很广的词语，侧重于指人的思维敏捷，做事灵巧，具有超过常人的接受力、反应力和判断力，既可指人也可指物。yourselvespron. 你们自己【例句】Did you teach yourselves? 你们都是自（己）学吗？Help yourselves to some fruits, please. 请你们随便吃些水果吧。【助记】your（你们的）selves（self，自己，变复数）yourselves（你们自己）find out 找出；查出【例句】Find out what your friends could do when they were four years old. 问问你朋友们四岁时能做些什么。Can you find out Miss Gaos address for me? 你能帮我查一下高老师的地址吗？【用法】find out是“动词十副词”所构成的动词短语，意思是“了解（情况）；打听”。例如：I want to find out more about her.我想进一步了解她的情况。find out后可以用“whwordto do sth.”或“whword十从句”充当其语。例如：Can you find out when Mr. Smile will leave for Shanghai？你能帮我打听一下斯迈尔先生什么时候去上海吗？We must find out what to do first.我们必须弄明白应该先做什么。pianon. 钢琴【例句】She could play the piano when she was 4 years old. 她四岁的时候就能弹钢琴了。My mother bought a piano yesterday. 昨天妈妈给我买了一台小提琴。pooradj. 贫穷的；可怜的【例句】We are so poor. 我们很穷。She has a poor memory. 她的记忆力差。【用法】poor（贫穷的）反义词rich（富有的）；poor（差的）反义词good（好的）；the poor（穷人们）反义词the rich（富人们）affordv. 有足够的（钱、时间）做（某事）【例句】We cannot afford to buy tickets to the concert. 我们买不起音乐会的票。At last we were able to afford a house.我们终于能买一所房子了。【用法】afford常与can或be able to连用，意为“买得起，负担得起（的费用）”。例如：Is she able to afford the coat？她能买得起那件大衣吗？ afford to do sth.有足够的（钱、时间）做某事。例如：I can afford to wait.我可以等待。knockv. 敲击 knock at 敲（门、窗等）【例句】Beethoven knocked at the door and it opened. 贝多芬敲了敲门，门开了。Listen! Theres someone knocking at the door？听！有人敲门。【用法】knock aton the door意思是“敲门”，knock是动词。a knock aton the door意为“敲门声”，knock是名词。例如：Theres a knock at the window. 有敲窗户声。dimadj. 微暗的；昏暗的【例句】In the dim candle light a girl was sitting before a piano. 昏暗的灯光下一个小女孩正坐在钢琴前。Dont read in the dim light. 别在昏暗的灯光下看书。pardonv. 原谅（某人）；宽恕【例句】Pardon me. 对不起。Pardon, I cant hear you.对不起（请再说一遍），我没听清你说的。【助记】破坏了garden（花园），去请求pardon（原谅）。【用法】I beg your pardon. 有下列三种用法：(1)表示“请谅解，对不起”，说话时用声调。(2)表示“再说一遍”说话时用升调。此时，也可以只用一个单词Pardon。(3)用于纠正别人的话，说话时用降调。to ones surprise 令（某人）惊讶【例句】To his surprise he found the girl was taller than him. 他吃惊地