八年级英语上册 Unit 6 Ancient stories学案（无答案）（新版）牛津深圳版

Unit6 Ancient stories知识探究Step one Reading & Listening讲解1. Now theyve given up and sailed away! 现在他们已经放弃，并且驾船离开了！give up “放弃，戒除”，此处作及物动词短语时，宾语可以是名词、代词或动名词，但是不能接动词不定式。Dont give up your dream.You must give up smoking.注意：give up的宾语如果是代词，必须置于give与up之间，不能放在give up之后。2. The Greens didnt want to take it with them. 希腊人不想带走它。take sth. With sb. 某人随身携带某物You should take a pen and a notebook with you when you take part in a meeting.3. Get some help and pull it into the city. 帮忙把它拖进城里。pull动词， “拖，拉”， pull . into. “把.拉入/拖入“pull out “把.从.拉出来”。 pull的反义词为push（推）They are pulling the boat into the sea. He pulled the boy out of the hole.5. That night, in the main square of the city, all the Trojans celebrated. 那天晚上，在城市主广场，所有的特洛伊人都在庆祝。（1） main形容词，意为“主要的”，作前置定语，没有比较级。其副词形式是mainlyThe teacher asked us to write down these main points.The book is mainly about how to cook all kinds of food.(2) celebrate动词，“庆祝，祝贺”，其名词形式为celebrationAll the Chinese people are celebrating the Spring Festival.6. Theysanganddancedaroundthehorse,andmadejokesaboutthestupidGreeks.他们围着木马唱歌、跳舞，取笑愚蠢的希腊人。（1） makejokesabout sb./ sth. 拿某人/某物开玩笑Youshouldntmakejokesaboutthepoorgirl.haveajokewithsb.与某人一起说笑话playajokeonsb戏弄某人=makefunof=laughattelljokes讲笑话（2） Greekn希腊人adj希腊的Greece希腊7. By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse.(1) by此处作介词，表示时间，意为“不迟于，到.时（为止），在.之前”They were tired by evening. 他们到了晚上就很疲倦了。Can you finish the work by tomorrow? 你能在明天以前完成工作吗？by通过+VingMatchthemwiththecorrectcountriesbywritingthelettersinthebrackets.（2） empty此处作形容词，“空的”，反义词为full（满的）empty还可以作动词，意为“倒空，使成为空的”，反义词为full（填满）Lets empty the glass. 让我们干杯。（3）exceptfor除.之外，只是e.g.Theroomistidyexceptforthecarpet.除地毯外，房间很干净。【辨析】except;exceptfor;besidesexcept“除.之外”表示“例外、排除”，表示排除的是同类事物或行为。E.g. HegetsupearlyeverydayexceptSunday.除了星期天外，他每天都早起。exceptfor“除.之外”，它后面的宾语一般为句子里所涉及的内容并非同类事物或行为E.g. Thestoryiswellwrittenexceptforafewspellingmistakes.除了几个拼写错误外，这个故事写得很好besides“除.之外还有”=inadditionE.g. Weallwentswimmingbesideshim. 除了他以外，我们也都去游泳了。8.ThehorsewasfullofGreeksoldiers!Theyquietlyclimbedoutofthehorseonebyone.（1）befullof=befilledwithe.g.Theglassisfilledwithmilk.=Theglassisfullofmilk.（2） onebyone一个接着一个 stepbystep一步步9. Inonenight,theysucceededincapturingitthroughaclevertrick.在一夜之内，他们靠一个计谋成功地夺取了它。（1） succeedindoingsth=dosthsuccessfully成功地做了某事（2）success不可数名词“成功成就”Bothplanshavebeentriedwithoutsuccess.两个计划都已试过，但未获成功可数名词“成功的人或事”Theplanwasagreatsuccess.这项计划极为成功。（3）successfuladj成功的 asuccessfulteacher一个成功的老师10. Only a few people know about this information. 只有少数人知道关于这个信息的情况。only a few “只有几个”， 修饰可数名词复数Only a few people live in the viliage.There are only a few apples on the tree.【拓展】not a few 相当多There are not a few people on the beach. 11. I want to join the army in the future. 将来我想参军。辨析： in the future与in futurein the future将来，未来表示将来较长的一段时间in future以后，今后表示离现在较短的一段时间，相当于from now onWhat will happen in the future? 将来会发生什么？Dont be late in future. 今后不要迟到。助词：长( in the future)的长（将来较长的一段时间），短( in fututr) 的短（离现在较短的一段时间）12. My dream is to be a soldier. 我的梦想是成为一名士兵。动词不定式短语to be a soldier 在句中作表语。My dream is to be a writer.【拓展】动词不定式（短语）作表语，一般表示动作还没有实现，而如果表示动作正在发生，则用动名词（短语）作表语。My hobby is collecting stamps. 我的爱好是集邮。该句时态不是现在进行时，而是一般现在时，其中collecting是动名词形式，collecting stamps在句中作表语。13. The Greek army disappeared and left a wooden horse outside the city of Troy. 希腊军队消失了，在特洛伊城外留下了一匹马。（1） 遗留；留下Iveleftmyumbrellaonthebus.我把伞忘在公交车上。（2） 离开 WhendidyouleaveLondon? 你什么时候离开伦敦的？（3） leavefor到.地方去ImleavingforBeijingnextmonth.下个月我要去北京。（4） 放置；听任 leavehimalone.别管他辨析：leave与forgetleaveleave sth. sp. 把某物忘在某地指因粗心而没有带某物或某物落在某处，其后往往接一个地点状语forgetforget sth. 忘记某事/某物指大脑不能记起或回忆不起过去的事情，反义词是remember助词：忘记某物真特殊，后有地状（地点状语）用leave14. What did the king of Sparta do in the end? 最终斯巴达国王做了什么？in the end 最后。 We have no idea who will win in the end, but well try our best.我们不知道最终谁会赢， 但是我们都会拼尽全力。15. He asked many of the other Greek kings to help him_Troy and punish the Trojans. 他召集其它希腊国王一起_特洛伊，惩罚特洛伊人。punish v. 处罚； 惩罚。如：The drunk driver was punished by the police. 酒驾司机被警察处罚。Sam was punished by her parents for breaking their neighbors window.萨姆把邻居家的窗户打破了，受到了父母的惩罚。【随堂练】一、根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。1.His grandfather died in the Anti-Japanese W_.2.Which is more difficult to u_, English poetry or Chinese poetry?3.My brother joined the army last year and became a s_.4.This is the m_ street of the town.5.Many countries in the world c_ Mothers Day.二、单项选择1. ( ) I didnt _ my brother had told me a lie. A. catch B. reply C. understand D. realize2.( ) Do you think soy milk is different _ milk? A. with B. from C. like D. as3.( ) Many old houses around our school _ next year and a large green area will appear. A. pull down B. will be pulled down C. will pull down D. are pulled down4.( ) It is stupid _ Tom to say that. A. for B. to C. of D. From5.( )He tried to act _what he saw just now.A. as B.on C. out D.for 6.( ) Emma got the first prize in the competition! Lets go out to _.A. encourage B. celebrate C. understand D.develop 7.( ) Ben, the fridge is _now. its time to go to the supermarket.A. empty B.huge C.full D.fresh8. ( )Finally we succeeded _the heavy box into the classroom. A. pull B.to pull C. pulled D.in pulling 9. ( )The car entered _the house through a kitchen window. A. in B. to C.at D./10. ( ) Were busy because we have so _ housework to do today. A. few B. little C. many D. Much 三、 完成句子1他收集了许多不同种类的卡片。He has collected _ _ _ of cards.2. 你为什么不尝试着给他发一封电子邮件呢？ _ _ _ _sending an e-mail to him?3. 要不是坐了一位老妇人，公共汽车就是空的。 _ _ one old lady, the bus was empty.4. 军人必须服从命令。 _ have to _ orders.5.他拉开了门。 He _ the door _.Step Two Speaking Writing1. Denise has gone to work.“have/has gone to+地点名词”意为“为了某地”。His father has gone to Shanghai.Is James at home?No, he_Yaan to be a volunteer.A. has gone to B.has been to C.is going to2. How much does a ticket to Tokyo cost?A ticket to.意为“.的票”，其中to为介词，意为“关于”,类似的还有：The answer to the questionThe key to the door3. There once was a man called Ed Heath.Called Ed Heath在句中作后置定语，called+名词做后置定语，意为“叫.的”，此时，called可以用named代替，表示与它所修饰的名词之间存在着被动关系。Do you know the boy called Jim?4. He is looking down at the empty sea.Look down意为“向下看，俯视”，如果接宾语则需加介词atDont look down.【随堂练】1、 根据汉语提示完成句子。1. What s the Canadian way of _(理解) the world? 2. More than half of _（加拿大人）have British or French ancestors.3.Canada has two official _(语言)4.Canadians believe that people must respect and_ (包容）each other and help each other.5.We should _ (尊重)those who are old. 6.Words cannot_(描述)her beauty.7.Nearly 70_(百分之的)of the fund was supplied by the government.8. His office is in the_(中心）part of the city.二、单项选择1.（ ） All the students went on a school trip _Tom because he will ill on that day. A besides B beside C except D except2. （ ）All the students like the new teacher _ Bob.A about B from C between D except3. （ ）After he said good-bye _,he left.A rudely B politely C carefully D quietly 4.（ ） I saw a stranger _the building.A enter B entered C to enter D enters5.（ ） The students parents want to see him_his study.A success B.succeed C.succeed in D. success in6. （ ）Most of my classmates dont like to talk with their parents,but I am _with them , I love to talk to my parents.A.the same as B. different from C. pleased with D. good for7.（ ）We are _ age.A same B the same C different D the different8 . （ ）This photo is _from that one , can you find your_between them?A. different； differents B.different； differencesC.difference； differents D.difference；differences9. （ ）I cant think _ his name at the moment.A. over B. of C. about10. （ ）The doctor _ the crying baby, but he couldnt find out what was wrong with it.A. looker over B. looked after C. looked for D. looked out三、书面表达假如你是一名导游,负责陪同外宾游览苏州，车子开到虎丘山(The Tiger Hill）门口时，你在车子上用英语向他们讲几点说明，内容如下,开头语已写好。1.在虎丘山逗留3小时，11点开车,请记住车号，2.下车时带好贵审物品(valuable things),不要忘记3.要求大家跟你一起参观。4. 祝大家玩得愉快。 Ladies and gentlemen, we are now at the gate of the Tiger Hill._范文： Ladies and gentleman, we are now at the gate of the triger Hill. Before we get off the bus, I have something to tell you. We will stay at the Tiger Hill for 3 hours, and them we will leave here at 11 oclock. Please remember the car number. When you get off the bus, please take your valuable things with you and dont forget to close the window. Please follow me to visit the hill. Ill tell you some interesting stories about the hill. Have fun!Step three-More Practice 讲解1. He asked him to make 100000 arrows within ten days.100000在英语中读作“one hundred thousand”,英语中没有数词，“万，十万”，因此“一万”应读成“ten thousand”; “十万”读成 “one hundred thousand”Within介词，意为“在.以内，不超过”He will return within three hours.2. Ill bring you 100, 000 arrows in three days.“in+一段时间”意为“一段时间以后”，句中的时态只能用将来时态，对“in+一段时间”提问需用how soon(多久以后）How soon will they come back?In a week.3. Zhuge Liang asked his soldiers to fill 20 large boats with many straw men.Fill.with.意为“把.装/填满Hurry to fill the bag with gold.Fill.with.的被动结构为be filled with,意为“.被装/填满”，相当于be full ofThe glass is filled with juice.The room is filled with people.【随堂练】一、单项选择（ ）1. Will you go to the concert tonight? - Id love to. But unluckily all the tickets were sold out _ a few hours. A. before B. within C. after D. without（ ）2. Look! The museum is on _ of the street. A. other side B. other sides C. the other sides D. the other side（ ）3. The police came and ordered the crowd _ at once. A. leave B. to leave C. leaving D. leaves（ ）4. I _ this picture for many times in different places. A. see B. was seen C. have been seen D. have seen（ ）5. _ it _, please. I want to see the back of it. A. Turn; on B. Act; out C. Turn; around D. Find; out二、 单词拼写1. A w_ man will face the difficulty instead of being afraid of it.2. After the war, a s_ wrote a book about his experience.3. Excuse me, when does the ship s_ from London to Paris?4. He wants to know how people live on the other s_ of the world.5. “Dont move, or Ill s_,” he said with a gun in his hand.3、 用所给词的正确形式填空。1. She said some things a little _(difference) from you.2. I have a few questions _(ask).3. It will be very _(wind) tomorrow.4. Hello! This is Tom _(speak).5. Chinese and Japanese are _（Asia）。四、完成句子1 以前到家后，我会把电影再表演给孩子们看I used to come home and _ _ the movie for the kids.2. 他终于明白了健康的重要性。_ _ _ , he understood the importance of health.3. 她的眼里充满泪水。Her eye were _ _ tears.4. 我们都开他的玩笑。We all _ _ _ him.5. 我们骗你的，丹尼。We _ your ,Danny.单元语法时态-现在完成时（补充）（一）现在完成时的定义和结构基本结构定义（使用情况）例句常用提示词have/has + 动词过去分词表示过去发生或完成的动作对现在的影响She has already finished her work.My sister and I have just seen Avatar.already; yet; never; ever; for ; since等表示动作从过去已经开始，一直持续到现在We have been here for six years.Janet has worked for this factory since 1996.(1) 当主语是第三人称单数时用has,其余人称用have(2) 过去分词：规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同；不规则动词需要特殊记忆 缩略形式：I have=Ive; you have=youve; we have=weve; they have=theyve; he has=hes she has=shes it has=its have not=havent; has not= hasnt选用have或has填空1. I visited the museum.2. you ever been to Beijing?3.My mother made a lot of apple juice.4. he watched the film?5.Mrs Brown bought some bread and milk.（二）用法（1） 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。如：I have spent all of my money so far. 到目前为止我已花光了所有的钱。（含义是：现在我没有钱了。）My father has gone to work.我爸爸已经上班去了。 （含义是：我爸爸现在不在这儿）（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的，持续到现在的动作或状态,常与for（+时间段），since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用。如：Mary has been ill for three days. 玛丽已经病了三天了。I have lived here since 1998. 我从1998年起就一直住在这儿。（三）现在完成时的时间状语already, yet, justalready意为“已经”， yet意为“已经，还，但是”，already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和 疑问句中。just意为“刚刚”。 表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在有某种影响和结果。He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。He has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。yet用在疑问句中意为已经，在否定句中意为仍未，常放在句末。如：-Has he found his dog yet?他已经找到他的狗了吗？-No,not yet.不，还没有。 He hasnt come back yet.他还没有回来Exercise: 选词填空Jack is not hungry. He has (already/yet) eaten.Jack is hungry. He has not eaten (already/yet).Have you eaten (already/yet) ？ever , neverever“曾经”, never“从不”，twice, three times，表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验。如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。This is the best film I have ever seen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。He has never been to Beijing.他从没有到过北京。Exercise: 选词填空 Have you _ (ever/never) visited Guangzhou? No，Ive _(ever/never) visited Guangzhou. since, for表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。时间标志是for（+一段时间）, since（+具体时间点）。1. for+一段时间。表示“有（多长）一段时间了”。如：His mother has been ill for a week.他妈妈已经病了一个星期了。 I havent seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。2. since+过去一个时间点。 since+时间段+ago.如：表示“自从以来”He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。 （可能还要继续教）She has stayed in Guangzhou since three months ago.她自三个月前就一直待在广州。用never, already, yet, since或for填空1. He has_ read the book twice.2. Have you worked on the farm_three years ago?3. Havent you had your breakfast _?-Yes, I have.4. The Wangs have lived in the old house _ about thirty years.5. The little boy has _ seen his mother , so he doesnt know her.have gone to，have been tohave gone to 意为“到某地去”，尚未回来，说话时该人不在现场。have been to 意为“曾经去过某地”，现在人已回来了。Exercise: (a).How many times _ you _ there? I _ _ there twice.(b).Mary _ _ to America. We cant find her now.(c). Where is Jim？ Hes not here. He _ England. (d). My father _ Beijing twice. 我爸爸去过北京两次。随堂练习：单项选择( )1.（2020中考）-Ive got the final Harry Potter book. -You will love it. I it twice already. A.am reading B.have read C.was reading D.will read( )2.（2020中考）Sally has returned to Guangzhou, ? A.did she B.didnt she C.has she D.hasnt she( )3.Miss Smith isnt in the office. She to the classroom.A.has gone B.went C.will go D.goes( )4. The students have cleaned the classroom, ? A.do they B.dont they C.have they D.havent they( )5.We each other since2020. A.know B.had known C.have known D.knew( )6. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I it twice. A.will see B.have seen C.seen D.see( )7.Has he used one? -No,he hasnt. He has used a mobile phone. A.ever;ever B.never; never C.ever;never D.never;ever （四）现在完成时与一般过去时 一般过去时和现在完成时所表示的动作都发生，但要注意以下区别：1. 现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响或过去开始发生一直持续到现在的动作与特征词since, for, already, yet, ever, never, so far, up to now等连用。如：-Would you like to see the film with me? 你想和我一起去看这部电影吗？-No. Ive seen it twice. 不了，我已经看了两遍了。（过去已看过，所以现在不想看了）2. 因为for, since 引导的时间状语都表示持续的一段时间，所以必须和持续性动词连用，不可与短暂性动词连用。如： 我哥哥的自行车买了有两年了。 错误表达：My brother has bought this bike for two years. (buy是短暂性动词)正确表达：My brother has had this bike for two years. (have是持续性动词)3. 一般过去时强调动作发生在过去，与现在无关。与具体的表示过去时间的状语（如：yesterday , last night）连用。如：I saw the film last night. 我昨晚看了那部电影。（仅是对过去事情的陈述）【随堂练】一、单项选择1.- you your homework?-Yes, I have. A.Do;done B.Did; do C.Have;done D.Have;do2.- you to Xian? -Yes, I went there last month. A.Did;went B.Are; going C.Have;gone D.Have; been3.Is your mother in New York?-No,she America. A.has never gone to B.has never gone C.has never been to D.has never been4.-Why do you stand outside your room? -Bec