八年级英语下册 语法《延续性动词与非延续性动词》讲练（无答案） 人教新目标版

延续性动词与非延续性动词英语动词根据词义可分为两种,一种是延续性的,一种是终止性的,终止性动词(也可称为非延续性动词,瞬间动词,或点动词),如begin,start,die,buy,leave, come等,表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成,不能再延续,所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与表示一段时间的状语,for+时间段, since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中. eg. Ive left Shanghai for three days.() Ive been away from Shanghai for three days.( ).I left Shanghai three days ago. ( ) It is /has been three days since I left Shanghai.( ) 常见终止性动词有:leave, go, come, arrive, begin, buy, borrow, die, join, become等.终止性动词要表示持续时, 可用以下方法: .将时间状语改为时间段 + ago,句中谓语动词用一般过去时. eg.我弟弟参军两年了. My brother joined the army two years ago. .若保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句, 或用在 how long 句型中,则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词 常见终止性动词与延续性动词(或状态动词)的对应关系如下come/go/arrive/get/reach/move-be in/at open-be open die-be dead close-be closed become-be borrow-keep begin/start-be on put on-wear leave-be away (from) buy-have fall asleep-be asleepend/finish-be over catch a cold-have a cold join the army-be in the army be a soldier join the Party-be in the Party be a Party member My brother has been in the army for two years. My brother has been a soldier for two years 延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换非延续性动词 延续性动词 现在完成时borrow keep have keptget to know know have knowncatch a cold have a cold have had a cold buy have have haddie be dead have been deadopen be open have been openclose be closed have been closedget married be married have been marriedfall ill be ill have been illfall asleep be asleep have been asleepleave sp. be away from sp. have been away from sp.return be back have been backgo to bed be in bed have been in bedcome here be here have been herego there be there have been therego out be out have been outget up be up have been upstart/ begin be on have been onfinish/ end be over have been overbecome be have beenjoin be a member of have been a member ofcome to the island be on the island have been on the islandBe in have been ingo to sleep./come to sleep. Be in sleep. hve been in sleep.rrivebe here begin(start)be ondie be dead come backbe backleave be away (from) fall ill(sick, asleep)be ill(sick, asleep)get upbe up go out be outfinish be over put on wear/be onopen be open join be in/be a member ofclose be closed go to schoolbe a student borrow keep buy/get have catch(a cold) have(a cold) get to know knowbegin to studystudy come to workworkmove to live in/ be out of finish/end be overcome to be in sit down be seatedmarry be married dress be dressed arrive in / at be in / at losebe lostbreakbe broken wakebe awake专项练习I、把下列瞬间动词转换为延续性动词buy catch (get) a cold put on borrow/lend come/go /become go to schooljoin the army join the Party arrive/come/reachdie finish begin/start leave fall asleep/ill close open get up II、单项选择 1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away2. I _ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in3. The factory _ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened4. Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become5.You mustnt _ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left6.The meeting _ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over7.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught8.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. became9. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned10. How long _ he _ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead11. He _ at eight yesterday afternoon.A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept12.He _ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had 13.-How long _ you _ ill ? -Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been14.Since 2000, he _ his hometown. A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from15.Ill lend you the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take16.The bus _ on the road for 2 hours so far. A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been17.Are you _the jacket these days? A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on18.He _ foe 2 hours. A. got upB. has got up C. has been up19. Tom is ill in hospital. He _ a cold for several days. A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had20.- How long can I _ the book? - Two weeks.A. borrow B. lend C. get D. keepIII、瞬间动词和延续性动词、状态句型转化练习1、你来晚了，电影已放了10分钟了。A: You are late. The film for 10 minutes.B: You are late. It ten minutes since the film .C: You are late. The film 10 minutes .2、我叔叔当兵已经有2年了。A: My uncle the army for 2 years.B: It 2 years my uncle joined the army. C: My uncle the army 2 years ago.3、Linda 已经感冒4、5天了。A: Linda a cold 4 to 5 days.B: It 4 to 5 days since Linda a coldC: Linda a cold 4 or 5 days .4、他爷爷去世已经有5年了。A: His grandpa for 5 years.B: It 5 years since his grandpa .C: His grandpa 5 years .5、你来晚了，火车已经开走了20分种了。A: Youre late. The train for 20 minutes.B: It 20 minutes since the train .C: The train 20 minutes .6、他们到深圳已经有3年多了。A: They Shenzhen for over 3 years. B: It over 3 years since they Shenzhen.C: They Shenzhen over 3 years .7. My father bought a new car two years ago. My father _ _ a new car _ two years. My father _ _ a new car _ two years ago.8.Tom borrowed this book four days ago. Tom _ _ this book _ four days. Tom _ _ this book _ four days ag