安徽马鞍山市第十一中学八年级英语下册 8B Unit 3 Online Shopping（第四课时）Grammar学案（无答案） 牛津版

课题：8 B Unit 3 Online Shopping 第四课时 Grammar 班级： 姓名： 时间： 年 月 日一、学习目标单 词 ： widely _ e-dictionary _ restart_ connect _ total _ Mars _ set _ 词 组 ： restart the computer _ 句 型 ： The park has become a new tourist attraction.认真预习课本,看看自己能否找出下列句子和我们以前学的句子有什么区别1. He turns on the TV. We are ready to watch TV.The TV is turned on. We are ready to watch TV2. We use a keyboard for typing information into the computer.A keyboard is used for typing information into the computer.3. The teacher checked my homework two hours ago.My homework was checked two hours ago.这种结构就是我们本节课要学的语法，叫做被动语态，请你根据上面的句子写出下列词组的被动形式turns on the TV 的被动形式是 use a keyboard的被动形式是 checked my homework的被动形式是 预习后，让学生先总结被动语态的结构 _ _被动语态的时态怎么变化 _还有什么需要注意的 _二、预习导学被动语态的讲解1. 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态： 主动语态和被动语态。请说出下列句子是主动还是被动A. Many people speak Chinese. _Chinese is spoken by many people. _ B. He was laughed at by all people. _All the people laughed at him. _ C. They make the bikes in the factory. _The bikes are made by them in the factory._被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：amisarespoken一般过去时：waswerespoken被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。 主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be过去分词） （根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：He cut down a tree.A tree was cut down by him.They use metal to make machines.Metal is used to make machines by them.三.课堂活动1.预习情况交流2.要求学生同读课本P48A1&A2部分的对话，对语境形成整体了解，然后完成句子的填空3.自学能力检测 A. 集体订正 P51B2 B. 学生朗读，理解被动语态的构成和用法 C要求学生能把主动语态变成被动语态，把被动语态变成主动语态 D复习被动语态的用法复习后，要求用以下时间词填空仿照例句改写句子。 例：We turn on the TV now. The TV is turned on now. 1.We use the computer to search for information. The computer _ _ to search for information. 2.We used the computer for playing games. The computer _ _ for playing games. 3.Jackson design this CD-ROM. This CD-ROM _ _ by Jackson. 4.We call it printer. It _ _ printer. 四 随堂检测I、用动词适当形式填空：1.A keyboard _ (use) for typing information into the computer.2.The trip to the World Park _ (organize) by Mr Wu.3.The skirts with green and white flowers _ (design) by my sister.4.The little cat _ (take) to the animal center.5.Many reserves _ (built) in China last year.6.English _ (teach) in schools all over the China.7.Im afraid the trousers of your size _ (sell out).8.The fire _ (put out) by the firemen.9.My new sweater _ (make) of wool.10.Thousands of new books _ (print) every year in our country.按要求变换句型1.My brother turned on the TV after he got hom