山东省德州市第七中学八年级英语上册 Module 10 The weather导学案（无答案）（新版）外研版

M10【学习目标】1.什么是形容词原级，比较级和最高级，比较级和最高级的变化规则有哪些？2.比较级和最高级的使用句型有哪些？【预习提示】绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad通常very too so pretty asas后用原级形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级（表示“更”）和最高级形式（表示“最”）是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化如下: 1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 great (原级) greater(比较级) greatest(最高级) 2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。 late (原级) later(比较级) latest (最高级) 3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 clever(原级) cleverer(比较级) cleverest (最高级) 4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母(21个)的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成. happy (原形) happier(比较级) happiest (最高级) 5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。 （红red 大gig 湿wet，胖fat 热hot 瘦thin） big (原级) bigger(比较级) biggest(最高级) 6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 beautiful (原级) more beautiful(更漂亮) most beautiful (最漂亮) important (原级) more important(更重要) most important (最重要) 不规则变化: 原级比较级最高级goo/ wellbetterbestmany/ muchmoremostbad / badly（坏地）worseworstlittlelessleastoldOlder（年龄）/ elder(辈份)oldest/ eldestfarfarther距离/ further（深奥的）farthest/ furthest这一点不要求掌握 形容词前如果加 less 和 least 则表示较不和最不 important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 【合作探究】 1. 原级的用法:用于两者之间对比，意思为“和相同”A+v.+as.+形容词原级as BTom is as honest as Jack.Her skin is as white as snow.My dog is as old as that one.He is not as (=so) tall as I.The weather here is not as(=so)cool as the weather in Harbin.2. 比较级的用法:1）A+形容词比较级+than+ BSusan is happier than Jane.His brother is younger than me.Beijing is more beautiful than Osaka.形容词比较级前还可以用much, even, still, a little来修饰。2）数字+形容词比较级+thanIm two years older than you.She is a head taller than me.3）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越”The earth is getting warmer and warmer.China becomes more and more stronger.4）the +比较级，the +比较级结构，表示“越就越”The more I study it, the more I like it.5）which/who +is +比较级Which city is bigger, Beijing or Tianjin?Who is happier, you or me?3. 最高级的用法：用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加the，最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名词所有格时，不加定冠词，后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。1）one of the +最高级Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.Our city is one of the safest cities in the world.Most people like apples.Most of the boys are good.It is our nearest neighbor in space.2）最高级意义的表达方法:例句最高级She is the best in her class. 比较级She is better than any other student in her class.No other student in her class is better than she.原级No other student in her class is as good as she.下面的练习试一试吧？一、选择1. This box is_ that one.A. heavy than B. so heavy thanC. heavier as D. as heavy as 2 When we speak to people, we should be _ .A. as polite(有礼貌的) as we can B. as polite to we canC. as politer as we can D. as politer to we can 3 This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensiveD. more difficult as; as expensive 4 I think the story is not so _ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting 5 His father began to work_ he was seven years old.A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while6. I think science is _ than Japanese. A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important7 This pencil is_ than that one.A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long 8 These children are _ this year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller9 It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today.A. much hotter B. more hotterC. much more hot D. much hot 10 Mrs Black was_ instead of getting any better.A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse11 Who jumped_of all? A. far B. farther C. the farthest D. the most far13 Li Lei is_ student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 14 The fifth orange is_ of all. Give it to that small child.A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest 15 Who is-of you three? A. the oldest B. much older C. oldest D. older二、同义句。1.He is 14 years old. His friend is 12 years old.His friend is _ _ he.2.Our bikes are not the same as theirs.Our bikes are _ _ theirs.3.He is healthier than his friend.He _ _ _ of the two.4.The girl is smarter than her classmates.The girl is smarter than_ _ _ in her class.5.He is less popular than her.He is not _ popular _ her. She is _ _ than him. 常见的形容词及比较级和最高级的构成（规则变化）：. 在单词末尾加_ 构成比较级； 加the 和_ 构成最高级。如： small（小的）_ (更小的) _ _ (最小的) small小的short短的long长的new新的 young年轻的 kind和蔼的 clean干净的quiet宁静的calm 镇静的clever聪明的smart机灵的cold寒冷的cool凉爽的warm暖和的tall高的great极好的 cheap便宜的few 少量的fast 快的 weak 虚弱的wild 鲁莽的quiet文静的light 轻的 . 在单词末尾加_ 构成比较级； 加the 和_ 构成最高级。如： nice（漂亮的）_ (更漂亮的) _ (最漂亮的) nice漂亮的large 大的white白的fine好的late晚的 . 先改单词末尾的_ 为_, 加_ 构成比较级； 加the 和_ 构成最高级。如： funny（风趣的）_ (更风趣的) _ (最风趣的) funny 风趣的scary恐怖的 pretty漂亮的friend友好的ugly难看的lazy懒惰的 shy害羞的 curly卷曲的heavy重的 easy容易的. 先双写在单词末尾的_字母 , 再加_ 构成比较级；加the 和_ 构成最高级。如： red（红的）_ (更红的) _ (最红的) red 红的big大的 hot热的thin瘦的fat胖的 . 在单词前加_构成比较级；加_ _ 构成最高级 如：inter