江苏省永丰初级中学八年级英语下册《语法复习 被动语态》学案（无答案）（新版）牛津版

语法复习-被动语态被动语态1. 语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。We clean the classroom every day.The classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.2. 需要强调动作的承受者时，在不知道动作的执行者是谁时，通常用被动语态在被动语态的句子中, 如果我们需要指出动作的执行者, 可以由by引出。3. 被动语态的各个时态1）一般现在时的被动语态: am/is/are+doneEnglish is used all over the world.2）一般过去时的被动语态: was/were+doneThe picture was painted two years ago. 3）一般将来时的被动语态: will/be going to+be+doneThe work will be finished tomorrow.4）现在完成时的被动语: have(has)+been+doneThe room has been cleaned.5）现在进行时的被动语: am/is/are+being+doneThe flowers are being watered by them now.6）含有情态动词的被动语态: 情态动词+be+doneYour homework must be handed in today.注意：1. 其它几种特殊句型：It is said that . It is well known that . It is reported thathave sth done让某人做某事 His parents had the house cleaned.need doing = need to be doneMy hair needs cutting. = my hair needs to be cut.2. 有些动词常用于被动语态。He was born in Nanjing.The mobile phone was made in China.3. 有些动词, 其主动语态形式含有被动意义。系动词smell, taste, sound, feel 等。 The dish smells good. 还有一些不及物动词, 常用主动语态, 和well, easily等副词连用, 含有被动意义。如: read, write, draw, sell, wash, cook, clean 等。 The books sell well. 4. happen, take place, run out无被动。The meeting happened / took place at the school hall.These new types of energy will never run out.5. 在动词(hear, see, watch, listen to等)和使役动词(have, make, let)的主动语态句式中, 动词不定式的to常省去, 但是在被动语态中要加上to。We often hear her sing next door. She is often heard to sing by us next door. Mum made me clean the house. I was made to clean the house by Mum.6. 含有短语动词的被动语态: 一般来说,只有及物动词才有被动语态。另外,许多不及物动词加上介词或副词构成的短语动词,相当于及物动词,后面也可加宾语。在变被动语态时,注意不可丢掉后面的介词或副词,常见的这类短语动词有:take care of, look after, take off, look at, send for, look up等。The old people should be taken good care of.7.含有双宾语的动词的被动语态,应将其中一个宾语改为被动结构的主语,另一个宾语仍保留在原处。一种情况是把间接宾语(指人)变为主语,直接宾语(指物)不变。另一种情况是把直接宾语(指物)变为主语,间接宾语(指人)不变,这时,间接宾语前通常加介词to,有时加for。My father gave me a new book on my birthday.I was given a new book (by my father) on my birthday. A new book was given to me (by my father) on my birthday. (一) 将下列句子改为被动语态1. Mrs Green will clean the reading room this afternoon. 2. Miss Li teaches us English. 3. She didnt speak French. 4. We must send for a doctor right now. 5. The bad man made the workers work long hours. 6. They buy me some presents 7. We must water the trees as often as possible 8. We have finished our homework (二) 用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空 1I hear that bridge _（make）of wood 2English _ the most widely _ (speak）language in the world 3Tea _（grow）in the southeast of China 4Where _ the wolf first _（see）by the farmer？ 5All the work must _（finish）before Wednesday 6Books and magazines can _ （not take）out of the reading-room 7Can rice （grow）in winter？ 8The new teacher （give）a warm welcome by the students (三)、选择填空1. The bird flew higher and higher till it could no longer _.A. see us B. is seen C. was seen D. be seen2. Everyone at the party _ a present. A. gives B. was giving C. was to give D. was given3. A terrible accident _ near our school yesterday.A. was happening B. was happened C. had happened D. happened4. Who is the book _? A. writing B. written C. written with D. written by5. My family had some photos _ last Sunday. A. took B. taking C. to take D. taken6. Ask him how much _. A. was spent on the meal B. did the meal costC. was the meal needed D. did he pay for the meal7. Many more houses _ for teachers since last year. A. are building B. built C. have built D. have been built8. Dont worry. All the children _ by the nurses. A. are well taken care of B. take good care of C. are taken good care D. take good care 9. - Must old people _ to politely? - Yes, you _.A. speak, must B. spoken, need C. be spoken, must D. be spoke, need10. _ the Party _ on July 1, 1921? A. Did, found B. Was, found C. Did, be founded D. Was, founded11. We _ not to go that way because the road _.A. told, is being built B. had told, is buildingC. was told, is built D. were told, was being built12. There was something wrong with his bike and he had to stop _.A. have it repaired B. to have it repairedC. having it repaired D. having it to repair 13.The young trees _ every day, or theyll die.A. must water B. can be watered C. must be watered D, should be watering14. The bridge over the river _ last year.A. finished B. is finished C. has finished D. was finished15. She is the new student _ Lucy King.A. calling B. called C. calls D is called16. He _ to sing in the next room a moment ago.A. heard B. was hearing C. had heard D. was heard 17. A neighbour helped to keep our dog. It _ while we were on holiday.A. was taken care B. took care ofC. is taken care of D. was taken care of18. About 500 cars _ in the factory next year.A. were produced B. will produce C. have been produced D. will be produced19. Green trees and colourful flowers could everywhere in Guangzhou. So the people also call Guangzhou “Flower City”.A. see B. be looked C. are seen D. be seen20. Was the picture _the teacher yesterday ?A. shown B. show C. shown to D. show to21. The boy was made _ streets without pay in the old days.A. to clean B. clean C. cleaned D. be cleaned22 The sports meet _ be held until next week. A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt23 _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are 24 Where _ these boxes made? A. was B. were C. is D. am25 The flowers_often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water26 The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow27 The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended28 The play _ at the theatre next Sunday. A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown 29 Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time. A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept30 The bridges_ two years ago. A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built 31 Old people must _. A. look after well B. be looked well afte