8BUnit1Grammar.ppt

,inthepast,atpresent,ThingshavechangedalotinRugao.如皋已经发生了很大的变化。,8BUnit1Grammar,PresentPerfectTense,ThingshavechangedalotinRugaotillnow.=TherehavebeenalotofchangesinRugaotillnow.至今为止如皋已经发生了很大的变化。,你看见我的食物了吗？（P6）Haveyouseenmyfood?我刚刚吃了它。(P6)Ivejusteatenit.你变了。Youvechanged.现在完成时构成：have/has+V-pp,pastparticiple过去分词,Thepresentperfecttense（现在完成时）,havenot=hasnot=,（1）肯定式：（2）否定式：,has,IWeYouThey,HeSheIt,have,have/has+V-pp(动词的过去分词),have/hasnot+V-pp,hasnt,havent,现在完成时的基本构成：,我看见你的食物了。Ihaveseenyourfood.我没看见你的食物。Ihaventseenyourfood.我刚刚吃了它。Ivejusteatenit.我还没吃它呢。Ihaventeatenityet.,Thepresentperfecttense（现在完成时）,-Haveyouseenmyfood?,（3）一般疑问句：,-Have/Has主语+V-pp?,-Yes,have/has.,-No,havent/hasnt.,Haveyoueverdroppedlitterinourschool?,-Yes,Ihave./No,Ihavent.,动词的过去分词形式,1.规则动词2.不规则动词,finish-finished-finishedlive-lived-livedcarry-carried-carriedstopstopped-stopped,dodiddonesee-sawseenforgetforgotforgotten,规则动词的过去分词变化与过去式相同,不规则变化须单独记忆,travel(l)ed,moved,stayed,owned,learned,visited,stopped,finished,shopped,repaired,A规则动词的过去分词,B不规则动词的过去分词,thought,caught,given,made,written,put,cost,grown,hurt,run,felt,fallen,flown,had,drunk,brought,broken,sung,forgotten,kept,FinishAonPage14,1.borrowed2.hoped3.made4.got,5.planned6.cried7.sent8.watched,9.said10.grown11.hit12.enjoyed,Ihaveeatenbreakfastalready.Imnotsohungrynow.这句话所说明的结果是我不饿了。,Hehascleanedtheblackboard.Theblackboardissocleannow.,用法1：表示过去发生的动作或状态对现在造成了结果或影响。（结果或影响还存在）,这句话所表示的结果是黑板现在是干净的。,Ihadbreakfastathomethismorning.,Ivealreadyhadbreakfast.(Iamfullnow.),IsawThelifeofPieamonthago.,IvealreadyseenThelifeofPie.(Iknowsomethingaboutitnow.),Wereadthesebooksinthewinterholiday.,Wehavealreadyreadthem.,Lilyclosedthedoorjustnow.,Lilyhasjustclosedthedoor.(Thedoorisclosednow.),1.Theman_(read)thebook3times.2.Kitty_(see)suchamanbefore.3._you_(hear)fromherrecently?4.-_sheever_(tell)youthat?-No,she_never_(tell)me.5.Today,we_just_(have)aMathslesson.I_already_(finish)myhomeworkbutshe_(notfinish)hersyet.,hasread,hasseen,Haveheard,Hastold,havefinished,hastold,havehad,hasntfinished,常用时间状语：already,just,yet,ever,never,before,recently(句末),Timeexpressionswiththepresentperfecttense,alreadyyetjustnevereverrecently,肯定句,已经,还，已经，仍,否定句，疑问句,刚刚,肯定句,从不，绝不，不曾,否定句,曾经,肯定句，疑问句,肯定/否定句，疑问句,最近,Fillintheblankswith“just,yet,never,already,ever,recently”,Haveyoudoneyourhomework_?Ihave_beentoChengdu.Iknownothingaboutit.Hehas_stayedthere.Heleftamomentago.Theyhave_heardaboutthestory.Shehasbeenill_.Haveyou_riddenahorse?,yet,never,already,recently,just,ever,Readandfindoutwherethetimeexpressionsareinthesentences.,already，just，ever，和never放在have/has后面.already也可放在句末。yet,recently放在句末。,时间词在句中的位置：,注:1.already改成否定句或疑问句时,需改成yet.,Hehasalreadyfinishedthework.,He_finishedthework_.,hasnt,yet,_hefinishedthework_?,Has,yet,2.副词ever和never多用于疑问或否定句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。如:-HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?你曾经去过长城吗?,-IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.我从未去过长城。,用法2:表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在，并且还可以继续持续下去。,Ihaveworkedherefornineyears.Sandyhaslivedtheresinceshewasborn.HowlonghasSandylivedthere?Ihavehadbelchingfortwomonths.,Ihavebeenateacherfor18years.,IamanEnglishteacher.,IhavebeenateachersinceIleftmycollege/1996/18yearsago.,Ibecameateacherin1996/18yearsago.,表示过去的时间点,时间段,YoulearnedEnglish5yearsago.,YouhavelearnedEnglishsince5yearsago.,YouhavelearnedEnglishfor5years.,表示过去的时间点,时间段,标志词:for+一段时间since+过去的时间点/过去时句子overtheseyearssofarin/duringthepast/lastyears,She_(teach)Englishfor18years/since18yearsago/since1996.Mr.Green_(be)inChinatheseyears.They_(write)15songssofar.Mybrother_(learn)2000wordsduringthepasttwoyears.,hastaught,hasbeen,havewritten,haslearned,注：1.用于用法二的动词必须是延续性动词,2.短暂性动词的否定式也可用于此用法,Ihaveworkedherefornineyears.Sandyhaslivedheresinceshewasborn.,Ihaventseenhimforalongtime/sincelastmonth.,改错：Theyhavegotmarriedsince1992.,1.havefinished2.hasvisited3.hasrepaired4.haventseen5.haventcome6.hastaught,FinishBonPage14,用法3:表示一个动作到现在为止发生了几次,Ihavealreadyreadthebooktwice.Theboyhascopiedthewordtentimes.,一般过去时watchedB.do;watchC.did;watchD.will;watch,()3.Mr.Green_inChinasincefiveyearsago.A.livedB.haslivedC.livesD.isgoingtolive,C,B,()1.-Excuseme,_youseenthefilmyet?-Yes,I_itlastnight.A.have,seeB.have,haveseenC.have,seenD.have,saw,D,1.Theboyhasalreadygonehome.(一般疑问句）_2.Thegirlhasboughtsomenicepresents.(否定句)_3.TheyhaveevervisitedBeijingbefore.(否定句）_,句型转换,Hastheboygonehomeyet?,Thegirlhasnotboughtanynicepresents.,TheyhavenevervisitedBeijingbefore.,1.我们没还没扫完了教室。2.那些相片我已经寄给他了。3.他从来没有做过家务活。4.Millie刚丢了她的历史书。5.你曾经帮助过别人吗？,Wehaventcleanedtheclassroomyet.,Ihavealrea