湖北省武汉为明实验学校八年级英语下册 Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park Section A 3a-4导学案（无答案） 人教新目标版

Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park Section A 3a-4导学案【学习目标】1. 语法：现在完成时。2. 一般过去时，现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别。3. 了解国外的风情和文化。4.学习一些新词汇。【重点、难点】1. 语法：现在完成时。 2. 一般过去时，现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别。【导学指导】温故知新学生对Section A 1b的内容进行问答, 复习现在完成时。自主互助学习 1.学生阅读Section A 3a 后，找出中心句。2.以小组为单位找出现在完成时的句子,找出新单词、学习新单词。知识剖析：语法 现在完成时1. 延续性动词和瞬间动词延续性的动词可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。He has worked in the bank for 5 years. work 是延续性动词，可以和for 5 years连用。而瞬间动词不可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如果要表示其延续，可以用be动词。例如，不可以说He has come for 2 hours. come是瞬间动词。可以说He has been here for 2 hours. 他在这里呆了两个小时。 2. 现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来，一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身，与现在的结果无关。现在完成时与一般过去时在意义上的区别举例如下： I have cleaned my room. (My room is clean now.) 我已经打扫过我的房间了。 I cleaned my room last week. (I did it in the past.) 我上周打扫了我的房间。Father has gone to Amoy. (He went to Amoy and he is not here now.) 爸爸已经去厦门了。They have bought a dictionary. (They bought a dictionary and they have it now.) 他们买了一本字典。注意: 现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语（如：yesterday, last, year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when she came in 等）连用，但可以和不明确指出时间的状语（如：already, yet, ever, never, sometimes, always, often, before, once, twice, recently, lately等）连用；也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语（如：today, this morning, this week, this year等）连用。例如：She has already finished her work. 她已经把工作做完了。I havent read the story yet. 我还没读过这个故事。Have you met him before? 你从前曾见过他吗？Lily has always been a good student. Lily一直是个好学生。试比较：I have seen him this morning .我上午看见他了。（说话时在上午）I saw him this morning.今天上午我遇见了他。（说话时可能是下午或者晚上）It has been cold this winter. 今年冬天一直很冷。（说话时仍是冬天）【课堂练习】( )1、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . . joined . has joined . was in . has been in( )2、How long have you _ here ? About two months . . been . gone . come. arrived（ ）3、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . . has begun. had begun . has been on. began（ ）4、 It _ ten years since he left the army . . is. has . will. was（ ）5、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . . have been in. have been to . have gone to . have been（ ）6、 His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived thereD. has left the university【要点归纳】延续性动词和瞬间动词【拓展练习】( )1.Has the train _ yet?A.got to B. reached C. arrived D. arrived at（ ）2.How long has his brother _ the book?A. kept B. bought C. lent D. borrowed（ ）3.Ive never seen such a fine picture _.A. ago B. before C. yet D. later（ ）4.Has the foreigner been to many inter