同位语从句公开课PPT课件

.,1,NounClause,AppositiveClause（同位语从句）,.,2,nounclauses名词性从句,subjectiveclause主语从句,objectiveclause宾语从句,predicativeclause表语从句,appositiveclause同位语从句,.,3,1.名词性从句的引导词,that,whether,if,asif,what,which,who,whom,whatever,whichever,whoever,whose,when,where,why,how,连词：,连接代词：,连接副词：,2.如何判断从句？,宾语从句：,位于及物动词或介词之后,表语从句：,位于连系动词之后,主语从句：,位于句首/句末，即在谓语动词之前,Thathewillsucceediscertain.,Itiscertainthathewillsucceed.,.,4,规律一：主语从句一律用_语序，即_在前，_在后。,陈述,主语,谓语,规律二：主语从句做主语，主句的谓语动词多用_。what引导的主语从句，可根据_决定主句动词的单复数形式,单数,表语,that在引出主语从句时没有意义，不充当句子成分，_（能/不能）省略。,规律三:,不能,规律四：whether/if表“是否”，“if”不能放在_引导主语从句，句首只能用_。,句首,whether,.,5,Leadin,1.Theirfriend,DannyLin,waswaitingattheairport.HewasgoingtotakethemandtheirbaggagetocatchtheTrueNorth,thecross-Canadatrain2.SomepeoplehavetheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefactthatCanadais5,500kilometersfromcoasttocoast.,.,6,SomepeoplehavetheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,that,名词,引导词,从句,总结：同位语从句结构,_+_+_,名词,引导词,从句,.,7,1.Ihavenoideawhyyouaresotiredeveryday.2.Thefactthatwedontgetenoughsleepisabsolutelytrue.3.Ihavebeenthinkingaboutthequestionwhetherweshouldbegivenmorefreetime.4.Weallknowthetruththatnothingismoreimportantthanhealth.,idea,Thefact,thequestion,thetruth,同位语从句的作用:?,进一步解释、说明前面名词的具体内容。,Activity1Readandfind,.,8,同位语从句,其前的名词通常为_名词,如：_,_,hope,wish,_,order,_,_,belief,truth,theory,decision,conclusion,promise,_,_,plan,_。,Summary(1):,抽象,fact,news,opinion,question,problem,thought,suggestion,idea,.,9,连接词that引导的同位语从句,that在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用.,Hetoldmethenewsthathewouldcomehomefromaboardsoon.,他告诉我一个消息,他马上要从国外回国.,.,10,只用whether引导,不用if.,这个问题是否正确还未被证实.,Theproblem_itistruehasntbeenconfirmed.,连接词whether引导的同位语从句,whether,.,11,连接词代词what/which/who引导的同位语从句,1.谁会出国这个问题还未决定.2.我不知道该选哪个.,1.Thequestion_shouldgoabroadhasntbeendecidedyet.,2.Ihavenoidea_tochoose.,which,who,在从句中充当成分,.,12,连接词副词when/where/why/how引导的同位语从句,1.我了解他们为什么离开得那么早.2.我们还没决定好去哪儿.,1.Ivegotagoodidea_theyleftearly.2.Thequestion_weshouldgohasnotbeendecided.,why,where,.,13,Summary(2):,同位语从句,在复合句中用作的从句叫同位语从句，它是_从句之一。引导同位语从句的连接词有：从属连词,；连接代词,_,_,等，连接副词,_等。,同位语,名词性,that,whether,which,who,when,where,why,how,whom,what,.,14,Activity2Choosetheproperintroductivewords,1.Thequestion_shoulddotheworkisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.2.Ihavenoidea_thedrivermadephonecallwhendriving.3.Thefact_twopupilswerekilledcantbeacceptedbytheirparents.4.Theproblem_weshouldhavethemeetinginthehallnowmustbedecidedatonce.5.Ihavesomedoubt_heissuitableforthejob.6.Thereisnodoubt_heissuitableforthejob.,who,why,that,whether,when,that,.,15,doubt(怀疑)肯定形式后同位语从句用whether引导；nodoubt(不怀疑)即否定形式之后的同位语从句用that引导。,Ihavesomedoubt_shecanpersuadeherhusbandtogiveupsmoking.Thereisnodoubt_wewillwinthegame,whether,that,.,16,同位语从句有时被别的词或短语把它和名词隔开：（谓语较短，同位语从句较长）,1:ThestorygoesthatWilliamTellkilledthekingwithanarrow.2:Wordcamethattheirteamhadwon.（word：n消息）,分隔式同位语从句,.,17,若被同位语从句说明的名词是：advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,requirement,order等表示建议、命令、要求的词时，同位语从句的谓语用(should)+do,1).Imadethesuggestionthatthemeeting_(bring)toanend.,(should)bebrought,2).Theorderthatwe_(send)afewpeopletohelpthemwasreceivedyesterday.3).Theorderthatwe_(receive)yesterdaywasthatwe_(send)afewpeopletohelpthem.,(should)send,received,(should)send,.,18,同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处（1）,同位语从句用来进一步_前面名词的内容;定语从句用来_前面的名词。,Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（同位语从句说明“消息”的内容：_）Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.（定语从句对“消息”加以限定：是_，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）,Summary(3):,解释说明,修饰限定,我们队取得了决赛胜利,你告诉我的,.,19,Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.,Summary(3):,同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处（2）,在从句中充当成分吗？,在从句中充当成分吗？,不作成分，无意义，不能省,指代先行词，作成分，作宾语可省,.,20,1、从连接词的功能,Thesuggestion(that/which)shegaveisquitegood.（that指代suggestion，又在从句中充当宾语，可省略）2)Thesuggestionthatyoushouldstayintheroomisquitegood.（that不充当任何成分）,2、从语气上辨别表示要求，建议，命令等词后的同位语要用(should)+do的虚拟形式，而定语从句没有这一条。,.,21,3.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.4.Thesuggestionthattheyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.,同位语从句,定语从句,.,22,3.在名词和从句之间加be,使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。,Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.,Thenewsisthatourteamhaswonthegame.,Thenewsisthathetoldmeyesterday.,(句子通顺，是同位语从句）,（句子不通顺，是定语从句）,.,23,判断下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句：,Thenewsthatyouveheardisnttrue.ThenewsthatwellgoonapicnicthisSundayisnttrue.,定语从句,同位语从句,Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.,(,),定语从句,同位语从句,.,24,Ihaveahopethatallofyouwillgotocollege.2.Ihatethefactthathetoldme.3.Ihatethefactthathealwaystellslies4.Titanicistheshipthatsankintotheocean.5.Hemadeanexcusethathiscarbrokedownontheway.,同位语从句,定语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,同位语从句,Activity3判断以下是什么从句,.,25,1.Itissaidthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities;thisistheinformation_hasbeenputforward.A.whatB.thatC.whenD.as2.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that3.Icantstandtheterriblenoise_sheiscryingloudly.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that4.Thefact_hefailedintheexamisnottheone_hetoldme.A.which;thatB.that;/C.which;whichD./;that,Activity4Choosethebestanswer,.,26,ActivityFillintheblanks,Thenews_(MH370失踪)shockedthewholeworld.Malaysianauthoritiessaidthattherewasnoconfirmation_(残骸被找到)onMarch12.Themystery_(飞机去哪儿了)alsoconfusedallpeopleinthewhorld._(是否是)anactofterrorismwasanotherdoubt.Weallhadadream_(有部分乘客幸存)Butunfortunately,onMarch24Malaysianauthoritiesmessagetotherelativesbrokeourlasthope.,thatMH370dissapeared,thatdebriswasfound,wheretheplanehasgone,Whetheritwas,thatsomeofthepassengerssurvived.,.,27,“MalaysiaAirlinesdeeplyregretsthatwehavetoassume,beyondanyreasonabledoubt,thatMH370hasbeenlostand_noneofthoseonboardsurvived.”Butjustasthelyrics(歌词)say,westillholdthebelief_,(飞机能穿越时间和空间)livingwithustogether.,that,thattheplanecancrosstimeandspace,.,28,Listentoasong,.,29,Activity6Completethesentences,1.Thequestion_botheredhim.(get)能从哪里弄到如此多的钱这个问题困扰着他2._istheuseofcellphone.他们正在谈论的手机的使用。（talk）3._theMH370flightlostcrashed,butfueltankswerelimitedinthedistanceithad.（confirm）还没有消息证实MH370航班已失事，但是这个航程的航班油量是有限的。4.Thequestionis_insuchashorttime.(prepare)问题是我们能否在如此短的时间内准备好。5.Didshesay_?（work）她是在说我们应该怎样做这个工作吗？,wherehecouldgetsomuchmoney,Whattheyaretalkingabout,Ithasnotbeenconfirmedthat,whetherwecanpreparewell,howweshoulddothework,.,30,1.Thenewsthattherearenolivesonthemoonisknowntousall.()2.Thenewsthatyouheardisnottrue.()3.Haveyouanyideawhohewentwith?()4.Isthereanyhopethattheywillbehomeintime?()5.Theproblemthatyoureferredtodoesntexistatall.(),同位语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,.,31,Whatkindofnounclausesarethey?,1.Whatitwastobecomewasamystery.2.IdontknowwhowillhelpHenrytowinthebet.3.HistroubleisthathedoesntknowanybodyinLondon.4.Thefactthatshipscangotheresurprisesmanypeople.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,_,_,_,.,32,Themanfromthestar,这部电视剧已经成为最近的热点是一个事实,_arecenthottopicisatruth.(become),ThattheTVplayhasbecome,SubjectClause主语从句,.,33,很多人想知道为什么都教授吸引了那么多的粉丝。Manypeoplewondered_.(attract),whyPrefessorDuattractedsomanyfans.,ObjectClause宾语从句,.,34,理由可能是他拥有帅气的外表和强大的超能力。Maybethereasonis_.(have),thathehashandsomeappearenceandstrongsuperpower,PredicativeClause表语从句,.,35,尽管我也被这部剧吸引，但炸鸡和啤酒因为这部剧成为了很受欢迎的食物的事实还是让我很吃惊。AlthoughIwasattractedbythisdrama,thefact_becauseofitstillsurprisedme.,thatthefriedchickenandbeerbecamepopularfood,AppositiveClause同位语语从句,(become),.,36,同位语是句子成分的一种,它位于名词、代词后面,说明它们的性质和情况,它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。（对前面名词或代词的补充说明）,同位语theAppositive,语法精解(一),.,37,1.(09四川8).Newscamefromtheschooloffice_XiaoLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where2.(09天津9).Itisobvioustothestudents_theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that3.(06上海)Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaris_itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.A.howB.whyC.thatD.when,高考链接,同位语从句,主语从句,表语从句,.,38,4.(上海01年春季）Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdis