情态动词课件

Grammar-ModalVerb,命题热点：情态动词的基本用法;情态动词表示态度的用法;情态动词表示推测的用法;情态动词在虚拟语气中的运用。,常见的情态动词有：can能may可以will，would（表意愿）need需要dare敢must必须haveto不得不shall，should应该（表义务）oughtto应该,1.can，could的用法,1）表能力，有“能”、“会”、“能够”的意思Canyoudriveacar?-Yes,Ican.-No,Icant.,注：过去式could语气比can更加委婉CouldIuseyourcar?,2）征求许可，意为“可以”CanIuseyourbike?(=may但没有may正式）,3）表示可能性，常用于否定句和疑问句Canitbetrue?TodayisSunday.Hecantbeatschool.,can只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态(could)，其他时态要用beableto的形式例如：,can和beableto的比较,Ihaventbeenabletogetintouchwithher.我一直没能和她联系上。,通常can和beableto可以互换,2.may，might的用法,2.1表示许可或征求对方的许可，有“可以”的意思。例如：Youmaygonow.MayIuseyourcomputer?,注：过去式might表示的语气更加委婉、客气例如：MightIuseyourpenforawhile?,注：回答以may开头的疑问句有如下表达法例如：-MayIsmokehere?肯定-Yes,youmay否定；-No,youcant-Yes,please-No,youmustnt.-No,youdbetternot.,2.3表示猜测，通常只用于陈述句例如：Youmayberight.你可能是对的。,2.5在口语中can可以代替may表示许可，但can较随便，may更正式例如：CanIuseyourbike,John?MayIhavealookatyourlicenseplease,sir?,3.must的用法,3.1表义务，“必须”例如：Youmusttalktothemabouttheirstudy.,3.2在否定结构中表不许、禁止例如：Youmustntsmokehere.,附：关于must的回答。例如：MustIcleanthediningroomatonce?肯定：-Yes,youmust.（是的，你必须否定：-No,youneednt.（不，你不必-No,youdonthaveto.,3.3表坚定的建议例如：YoumustcomeandseeusassoonasyougettoShanghai.,3.4表推测，暗含有很大的可能性例如：Hemustbeill.Helookssopale.,注意may暗含的可能性较小，must暗含的可能性较大。,Haveto的疑问句和否定句，多用助动词do构成。例如：Didhehavetodoit?他得做那件事吗Hedidnthavetodoit.他不需要做那件事。,4.haveto的用法haveto意为“不得不”，它虽属于情态动词，但它有人称、数的变化，其疑问句，否定句的构成也和其他的动词有所不同。,4.1havetoIdonthavetogotoworktoday.Youneedn;twashtheseclothesforme,Icanmanageit.,1.Aleftluggageofficeisaplacewherebags_beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will,2.How_yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.may,3.Theroomissodirty._wecleanit?-Ofcourse.A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do,4.MyEnglish-Chinesedictionaryhasdisappeared.Who_havetakenit?A.shouldB.mustC.couldD.would,5.IsJohncomingbytrain?-Heshould,buthe_not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.may,6.-Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.-It_truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.A.maynotbeB.wontbeC.couldtbeD.mustntbe,26.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI_forher.A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteit,27.Michael_beapoliceman,forheismuchtooshort.A.needntB.cantC.shouldD.may,20.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.wasabletoD.could,16.Sorry,Imlate.I_haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will,14.AreyoucomingtoJeffsparty?-Imnotsure.I_gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might,15.MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,sohe_yourlecture.A.couldnthaveattendedB.neednthaveattendedC.mustnthaveattendedD.shouldnthaveattended,11.Youcan