中考英语任务型阅读解题技巧与突破途径PPT课件

.,1,英语阅读回答问题,题型解读与突破途径,.,2,同学们做“阅读简答”这样的题目时，普遍觉得不难，而考试结果一出来，却发现得高分的不多，原因就在于这种题型不仅要求考生读懂文章，还要求同学们用自己的语言简练的回答有关问题；既考查了学生的阅读理解能力，也考查了大家的英语表达能力和概括能力，另外，对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的要求，使得做简答题有一定的难度。再加上解答这样的题型几乎没有猜题的技巧可言，也从某种意义上加大了做题的难度。要想取得较好的成绩，对于题型的研究，好的解题步骤和技巧是非常重要的。,问题探究,.,3,义务教育英语课程标准初中生要达到的五级目标要求,.,4,2016年中考英语阅读能力要求,.,5,题型介绍,根据短文内容回答问题是阅读理解的一道重要题型。此题为5个问题，问题设计一般比较简单，多数考题针对文章中的事实细节，答案都能在原文中找到出处。最后一个问题通常为开放性题目，往往需要概括文章主旨要义。,.,6,2010中考,2011年中考,具体细节信息,具体细节信息,归纳文章大意,归纳文章大意,聚焦中考,.,7,由一般疑问句引出的判断题,由选择疑问句（AorB）来提问文章的细节,由特殊疑问词引导的特殊疑问句来提问文章的细节和概括主旨要义,提问类型和回答方式,.,8,一般疑问句,以be动词、助动词、情态动词为句首，句末有问号（？）的句子。要用yes和no回答的句子.例如：Dotheydotheirhomeworkafterschool?,be动词：,助动词：,情态动词：,am,is,are,was,were,do,does,did,will,have,has,can,may,must,could,should,would,.,9,1.Arethereanyflowersinyourgarden?2.Couldherideabikewhenhewasten?3.Cantheyswim?4.DontyouliketoreadEnglish?5.DoeshelikeEnglish?6.IsKittywearinghernewuniform?7.HaveyoueverbeentoCanada?8.Hasyourbrothergotamodelcar?9.Willyougotothezoowithme?10.Didheseehisunclelastweek?,流利朗读，整体感知,练一练,.,10,选择疑问句,提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求选择一种情况回答，这种问句叫做选择疑问句，选择疑问句的两种或两种以上的情况用or连接，回答时不能用yes或no。,1一般选择疑问句句型：一般疑问句+or+被选择的情况？-Areyouateacherorastudent？-Imastudent.2.特殊选择疑问句句型：特殊疑问句+AorB?/A,BorC？-WhenwillheleaveforLondon，todayortomorrow？-Tomorrow.,.,11,66Wasthearearichorpoorinthe1950s?,Itwaspoor.,真题链接,66.Isplayinginwateragoodchoiceorabadone?,Agoodchoice.,.,12,特殊疑问句,特殊疑问句是以特殊疑问词为句首，句末有问号的句子。特殊疑问词包括Who(人物)、Where(地点)、When(时间)、What(事件)、Why(原因)，which（哪个），whose（谁的），whom（who的宾格形式）How(方式)和由基本疑问词变化的疑问词。例如：由what增加的whattime/whatday/whatkind/whatcolor/whatshape/whatlength由how变化的howlong/howsoon/howoftenhowold/howfar/howmany/howmuch,.,13,考考你,()1.-Excuseme_isthenearestbookshop?-Godownthestreetandturnleftatthesecondcorner?A.whereB.whatC.howD.who()2.-_isatickerforthefilmHackerHe?-Aboutfortyyuan.A.HowoldB.HowmuchC.HowmanyD.Howoften()3._areyougoingtothelibrarywith?ImgoingwithTony.A.WhatB.WhichC.WhomD.Where()4.-_?-Itseight.A.WhatdayisitB.WhatsyourtelephonenumberC.HowoldareyouD.Whatsfiveandthree()5.-_shallwemeetinthepark?-Atabouthalfpasteight.A.WhenB.WhatC.WhereD.,Which()6.-_doesyourschoolhavesportsmeetings?-Twiceayear.A.HowsoonB.HowoftenC.HowlongD.Howfar()7.-_doesyourfathergotoworkonfooteveryday?-Becausewelivenearhisoffice.A.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.Who,.,14,特殊疑问句解题技巧,.回答特殊疑问句较为复杂，要注意问题与回答在形式上的对应。(1)问目的，就应当用for短语，todo不定式短语等来回答；(2)问原因，就应当用becauseof短语或because从句来回答；(3)问方式，就应当用Bydoing来回答；(4)问时间、地点时，答语中不要忘记介词。(5)提问词是what只能用完整句子、名词或名词性短语、名词性从句(多为宾语从句)来回答;,.,15,67WhydidtherestaurantworkershavenotimetolearnEnglish?,真题链接,Becausetheyoftenworked17hoursaday.,18.HowdidyoungChicogetmoney?,Bytakingalittlerubber,.,16,65.WhenwasChicomurdered?,真题链接,OnDecember22，1988,65.Wheredotheyjumpfrom?,Theyjumpfromplanes.,.,17,79.WhatarethepurposesofcelebratingtheEarthDay?,真题链接,Tohelpmorepeoplerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheearthandencouragepeopletotakeaction.,.,18,最后一题提问类型,Whatsthemainideaofthepassage?Whispassage?Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus？Whatarethepurposesof?,.,19,概括大意回答方式：记住这些有用的句型：Its(about)Its(about)what+主语+谓语,how+主语+谓语why+主语+谓语(注意介宾从句，主谓语序),1.要点通常包括两个或多于两个。2.抓住文章的结构，要关注语篇结构（总-分、分-总、总-分-总），组织语言时要避免使用不熟悉的句型、词汇或短语，尽可能用原文中的关键词语回答问题，但不能照抄原句，要对原文进行总结归纳。,最后一题关注点,.,20,69.WhatarethemainpointsaboutChinatowninthispassage?,真题链接,归纳文章第一段大意为唐人街地址，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的可总结为发展过程。,答案：ItisaboutwhereChinatownisandhowithasdeveloped.,2010年中考题,.,21,2、扫读：浏览全文，每段主题句，理清文章基本结构。文章的中心思想以及作者的基本观点、正确理解语境,3、精读：精读问题，圈划关键词，理解问题，带着问题找读，按出题顺序，确定答题区域。,4、复读：分析，提取，整合信息、准确表达。要用简练、准确的英语表达出来。注意回答问题时要切中要点，不要画蛇添足。组织答案时，注意避免语言错误，如：时态、主谓一致、人称转化，句子结构和拼写等。如需引用原文，要作适当改动，最好不要整句照搬。,阅读回答问题解题步骤和注意事项,1、通读：快速浏览全文，标清段序。如是对话形式划分出层次,.,22,AlmosteverykidinthiscountryhasevereatenHersheychocolate.ButdoyouknowthattheHersheychocolatefactoryismorethanonehundredyearsold?AnddoyouknowthatthefatherofHersheyChocolate,MiltonHershey,hadmanyfailuresinbusinessbeforehestartedhisfamouscompany?MiltonHersheygrewupinPennsylvania.Beforehebecameinterestedinmakingchocolate,heworkedasaprinterforasmallnewspaperatfirst,andthendecidedthatprintingwasnottherightjobforhim.,重点演练1,64.WhoisthefatherofHersheyChocolate?65.Wheredidhegrowup?,65.InPennsylvania.,1,2,64.MiltonHershey.,.,23,重点演练2,OnedaythefamousAmericanscientistAlbertEinsteinmetanoldfriendofhisonastreetinNewYork.“MrEinstein,”saidthefriend,“itseemsthatyouneedtoputonanewovercoat.Look,howworn-outitis!”“Itdoesntmatter,”answeredAlbertEinstein.“NooneknowsmehereinNewYork.”SeveralyearslatertheymetinNewYorkagain.Einsteinhadbeenworld-famous,buthestillworethesameoldovercoat.Oncemorehisfriendaskedhimtobuyanewone.“Thereisnoneednow,”saidEinstein,“Everybodyherehasknownme.”,WheredidAlbertEinsteinmetanoldfriendofhis?2.Whatdidthefriendwanthimtobuy?3.DidEinsteinstillwearthesameoldovercoatafterseveralyears?,2,1,4,3,5,OnastreetinNewYork,Anewovercoat,Yes,hedid,.,24,难点突破1,Friendshipisaveryimportanthumanrelationshipandeveryoneneedsgoodfriends.Goodfriendshiphasmanybenefits.Belowaresomehelpfulideasabouthowtomakeandkeepfriends.AssociatewithothersThefirststeptomakingfriendsisassociatingwithotherpeople.StartaconversationStartingaconversationisthesecondmostimportantstepinmakingnewfriends.DothingstogetherChoosingfriendswithcommoninterestsisimportantLetitgrowItisagoodthingtostayintouch.EnjoyyourfriendshipThebestwaytoenjoyyourfriendshipistoallowyourfriendstobethemselves.,65.Whatsthepassagemainlyabout?,Itsmainlyaboutwhyfriendshipisimportantandhowtomakeandkeepfriends.,.,25,难点突破2,Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttohaveanicephototaken?Whetheritsworkorfun,themostimportantthingislightingThekeythingisnoshadow（阴影）Tipyourheadandlearnwhatangles(角度)workwithyourface.Everyoneisdifferent.Soyouhaveto.Forlonglegs,pointonelegintocenteroftheForjustlegshots,lieupsidedownandraiselegsKeepshouldersback.Alwayshavemouthslightlyopen,enoughtoputapennybetweenyourlipsLoweryoureyesandthenlookupjustasshutter(快门)isclickedforfulleyes.Trytocatcheveryperfectphotogenicmoment!,65.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?,Totellushowtohaveanicephototaken.,.,26,课堂检测1,OnceGoethe,thegreatGermanpoet,waswalkinginapark.Hewasthinkingaboutsomethingwhenhenoticedhecametoavery,verynarrow(狭窄）road.Justatthattime,ayoungmancametowardshimfromtheotherendoftheroad.Itwastoonarrowforbothofthemtopassthroughatthesametime.Theystoppedandlookedateachotherforawhile.Thentheyoungmansaidrudely,“Inevermakewayforafool.”ButGoethesmiledandsaid,“Ialwaysdo.”Thenheturnedbackquicklyandwalkedtowardstheendoftheroad.WherewasGoethewalking?WhocametowardsGoethefromtheotherendoftheroad?DidtheyoungmanmakewayforGoethe?.Whoturnedbackquicklyandwalkedtowardstheendoftheroad?WhatdoyouthinkofGoethe?,Inapark.,Ayoungman.,No,hedidnt.,Goethe.,Heispolite，kind,humorousandclever.,.,27,课堂检测2,Mikewasagoodandwell-trainedboy.Hisparentslovedhimverymuch.Hedideverythingwell,butMikehadonebadhabit（习惯）.Heatealotofsweetsandchocolates.Thosewerehisfavorite.Hejustcouldntgiveup.Hismotheralwaystoldhim,“Mikedoesnteatsomanysweets.Youwillgettoothaches(牙痛）.Hismotherusedtokeepallthesweetsinaglassjar(罐子).Onedaywhenhismotherwenttothemarket,Mikesawthathisfatherwasasleep.Sohewalkedcarefullyandslowlytothekitchenandgotthesweetjar.Finally,heopeneditandputhishandinnarrowmouth.Mikepickedafist(拳头)fullofsweets.Butwhenhetriedtopullhishandout,itgotstuck(卡)inthejar.Mikesfatherwasawakeandwatching.HesaidtoMike,“Youhavepickeduptoomanysweetsinyourfist.itsmorethanyourlittlehandcankeep.Yourfistcannotcomeoutofthejar.Letgoofthesweetsandpickonlyonesweetinyourtwofingersandyoucanpullyourhandouteasily.Alwaystakeasmuchasyoucancontrol（控制）.Mikepulledouthishandfromthejareasilyandhelearnedalessonforhislife,too.61.WhatwasMikeshadhabit?62.Didhismotherusetokeepthesweetsinaglassjar?63.Wherewasthesweetjar?64.Howmanysweetsdidhisfatheraskhimtoget?65.Whatlesson(教训，道理）didMikelearn?,.,28,61.Heatealotofsweetsandchocolates.62.Yes,shedid.63.Itwasinthekitchen.64.Hisfatheraskedhimtopickonlyonesweet.65.Alwaystakeasmuchasyoucancontrol.,.,29,2、扫读：浏览全文，每段主题句，理清文章基本结构。文章的中心思想以及作者的基本观点、正确理解语境,3、精读：精读问题，圈划关键词，理解问题，带着问题找读，按出题顺序，确定答题区域。,4、复读：分析，提取，整合信息、准确表达。要用简练、准确的英语表达出来。注意回答问题时要切中要点，不要画蛇添足。组织答案时，注意避免语言错误，如：时态、主谓一致、人称转化，句子结构和拼写等。如需引用原文，要作适当改动，最好不要整句照搬。,阅读回答问题解题步骤和注意事项,1、通读：快速浏览全文，标清段序。如是对话形式划分出层次,.,30,2012阅表第四段：Mostimportantareyourheightandweight.SmokejumpersintheU.S.,forexample,mustbe54to91kilograms,第五段Smokejumpersmustalsobeabletoliveinthewilderness.第六段Theylovebeingabletojumpoutofplanes,fightfires,andliveintheforest.,.,31,从我们得到这三句话后，再次提取出最关键的信息.heightandweight.beabletoliveinthewilderness.lovebeingabletojumpoutofplanes,fightfires,andliveintheforest.确定了大致信息后，再进行语言组织，将上述信息组合成一个语法正确的句子，因此可得出答案Tobeasmokejumper,oneneedstohaveproperheightandweight,beabletoliveinthewildernessandlovehisorherjob.,.,32,201264.Smokejumpersareaspecialkindoffirefighter.65.Theyjumpfromplanes.66.Theirmaingoalistostopafinefromspreading.67.Becausetheywontgethurtwhentheyland,orgetblownbystrongwinds.,.,33,68.Tobeasmokejumper,oneneedstohaveproperheightandweight,beabletoliveinthewildernessandlovehisorherjob.,.,34,(2013)Campinginyourbackyardisfulloffun,whateveryourage.Itsgreatforkeepingusrelaxed.Itofferschancestocheckthenightskyandtobenoisierthanusual.Itletsushavefriendsovertostaywhomightnotfitinsidethehouse!Followtheseinstructionsandyoullhaveanightyoullneverforget!,Itsmainlyaboutwhyandhowtocampinthebackyard.,.,35,总结提升：1.从近五年的中考题看，阅读与表达题所给的文章均为说明文，即有说明的对象，那么文章的主旨还是比较明确的。2.任何一篇说明文都是围绕某个主题展开的，有些文章的主题句较明显，在文章的首段。也有的文章主题句不明显，但文中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也就是我们常说的主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。3.概括主旨离不开对全文结构的把握，纵观全文，找准找全要点。4.组织好语言，运用正确的句式，准确地表达出来。,.,36,Passage11.Howmanysuggestionsdoestheauthorgive?Four/4.2.Whatshouldyoudoiftherearedisagreementsbetweenyourparentsandyou?Weshouldtrytounderstandwhatevertheyaretryingtotellus.3.Whyshouldyoucommunicatewithparentsinapoliteway?Becausewehavetoshowourparentsthatwearenolongerakid,notjustakid.,.,37,4.Howtoearnparentstrust?Payattentiontothewaysyoudothingsinsteadoffightingwiththem.5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Howtoimproverelationshipbetweenourparentsandus.,.,38,Passage21.Dothousandsofpeopletryskydivingeachyear?Yes（,theydo）.2.Howmanychoicesarethereforthebeginners?Three/3/Therearethreechoices.3.Whyistandemthemostpopular?Becauseitistheeasiest.,.,39,4.Howdothecoachesgiveinstructionsintheair?Withhandsignalsoraradio.5.Whatisthepassagemain