新标准大学英语视听说教程第三册听力原文

-5557新标准大学英语视听说教程第三册听力材料文本Unit 1 Listening inPassage oneInterviewer: Can you tell mehow do you think you have changed as you have matured?What things have had a major influence on you?Speaker 1 : Well, let me thinkI suppose going to university had a big impact on my life. It made me much more open-minded. I met so many different types of people there with weird and wonderful ideas and it changed the way I see the world. Im much more tolerant now It made me a more rounded person.Interviewer: Great, and had any particular person had a central role in forming your character?Speaker 1: I guess thatd have to be my grandfather. I was very close to him, and he taught me to stand up for my beliefs. He was always telling me about thisInterviewer: So what people or events have had an impact on your life?Speaker 2: I think that traveling my gap year made me grow up and see both the beauty of the world and, welljust the generosity of ordinary people. I traveled a lot around Asia and you know, I found that in some of the poorest countries, like Cambodia and Laos, people share whatever little they have, and they possess a real joy for life. Its probably made me a less selfish person.Interviewer: Interestingso you would recommend that young people take a gap year to discover themselves and the world?Speaker 2: Definitely. It gives you an opportunity to learn about the world beyond the one you grew up in and I found it reallyInterviewer: Could you tell me what things in your life have had the greatest influence in forming your personality?eaker 3: Wella couple of years ago I was on a reality TV show where a group of young people all lived in a house together. Each week some one was voted off by the audience. I got down to the final three! I suppose being on the show and seeing how the other contestants behaved made me realize how selfish and spiteful some people can be just to get what they want. I also realized its best to just be yourself in life. If you pretend to be someone different people will eventually see through the lies.Interviewer: RightAnd how did you feel when you were eventually voted off?Speaker 3: Relieved, to be honest with you. But you know, a slight regret that I didnt win because I kind ofInterviewer: So you can tell me, what one thing do you think that has had the biggest impact on your life?Speaker 4: Hmm, thats a difficult question. But I think helping victims of the tsunami in 2004 had a very great impact on me. Im half Thai and Id just arrived in Thailand for a family Christmas holiday. When I heard the news I knew I had to help-you couldnt not. I ended up acting as an interpreter for a group of volunteer doctors. It was an incredibly difficult time but you know, even in the middle of such a horrific tragedy there is still a huge amount of genuine human kindness.Interviewer: Thats amazing! And has it changed the way you view your futurePassage twoTony: Talking to us today in our Life Choices series is Joan Robinson, an academic counselor at Manchester University. She gives advice to school students on choosing the right subject to study at university. Joan, welcome to the show.Joan: Thanks Tony.Tony: So Joan, what do our listeners need to think about when choosing a course? Its a huge, potentially life-changing decision, isnt it? Joan: Yes. I generally give students advice in two areas. Firstly, know yourself, and secondly, think to the future.Tony: When you say “know yourself” what do you mean?Joan: Basically, I mean evaluate your own personal strengths and weaknesses, your personality traits（特质） and the things you like.Tony: I seeSo how can our listeners do this?Joan: Well, start by asking yourself questions to help reflect on your life so far. For example, what subjects are you good at? Are you an organized and self-disciplined person? Are you confident and outgoing? Do you like working with others in a team or do you prefer working alone? These kinds of questions will help you discover more about yourself. Tony: Sounds like good advice. How about your second point regarding the future?Joan: Well, your choice of major subject is likely to have a significant impact on your future career so its important to look into this carefully. I recommend you check not only which academic subjects will help you get into a particular area of work, but also look carefully at what universities offer. Each university has its strengths so try to choose one that is the best in your chosen field. Find out what links the department has to related industries and leading companies in it.Tony: Good point. Now Id like to take some calls from our listeners. First up we have James on the line. Hi, James! How can we help?James: Hi. Im interested in career in IT and Id like to ask Joan whether she thinks its better to go to a highly respected university, like Oxford, or to study somewhere that has more of a vocational focus?Joan: Well, James, you know it really depends on what you expect to get out of a university and how you see your future. Basically a handful of the brightest graduates are picked from the top universities around the world to join the leading IT companies. So Id say if youre a high-flyer then this is the route that might be for you. But if you are looking for a more mainstream （主流） career then you should consider a course that helps you acquire practical, transferable skills that you can use in the workplaceand look at which universities have the best levels of graduate recruitment for the kind of job you are aiming for.James: I see! Thanks a lot. That really helps me outUNIT3 Listening in conversation 1Lily: So what was the highlight of your trip to (South)Korea?Hugh: Well thatslet me see.its got to be going to see Nanta.Lily： What on earth is Nanta?Hugh：Its this amazing live show-part theater-part dance-part music.Lily: Sounds really interesting. But whys it so brilliant?Hugh: I think its the energy of the performers. Also it has a unique concept. Its a mixture of traditional Korean music, percussion and drums, into a western style performanceLily: Ive never heard of it. Has it ever been performed in the West?Hugh: Yeah, its been a sell-out. Theyve toured in over 30 countries since the show began in 1997.Its a non-verbal performance so there are no language barriers. Thats whats made it an international success.Lily: What else makes it so special then?Hugh: Well.the other thing is that all the action takes place in the kitchen. You see these four chefs preparing the food for a wedding reception. The performers use knives, dustbin lids and various other kitchen utensils to create a hypnotic soundtrack. The food literally flies everywhere! Its hilarious.Lily: That sounds quite funny I must admit. Is there an actual story though?Hugh: Oh yes, there is a story. The four chefs have to prepare the meal by 6 oclock and they also have to give the managers nephew cooking lessons too, which adds to the fun. Theres loads of audience participation and despite there being no language involved you get completely engrossed. Its really quite wacky!Lily: And what about the audience? I suppose they start throwing food around?Hugh: Not quite! But they are totally involved in whats going on-everyone loves it. Its a really great family show. In fact its one of the best shows Ive ever seen. Jim, my friend, says he takes all his visitors. Hes seen it about eight times and still loves it.Lily: I bet its popular with tourists then.Hugh: Well apparently over a million foreign tourists in (South)Korea have seen the show and its had a run on Broadway too. It first got popular after they appeared at the Edinburgh Festival. Now they are planning to tour more cities in Asia where (South) Korean popular culture is becoming incredibly trendy.Lily： By the way what does“Nanta” mean?Hugh：It means random drumming in Korean. The English name for the show is Cookin, which gives you a clearer idea of what its all about.Lily： Youve got me interested now. Ill have to check it out on the internet.Listening in Conversation 2Interviewer: Kathy Richards is a specialist art tour guide. Kathy-can you tell us what trends youve noticed in recent years? Kathy: Well, one of the biggest phenomena Ive noticed is a huge increase in visitors to galleries-and a growing interest in modern art in general.Interviewer: What do you think the reason is for that?Kathy: Well, there are several reasons, I think. The most important ones are firstly, that some new contemporary art galleries have opened which have had a lot of publicity, and secondly the younger generation feel more comfortable with modern art so the kind of people visiting galleries is changing. Finally, the new generation of galleries have become destinations in themselves.they tend to be housed in amazing buildings.Interviewer: So which are the most popular new galleries?Kathy: Well, the Tate Modern in London has had over 30 million visitors since it opened in 2000.The annual average is now over 4.5 million. The Museum of Modern Art, or MoMA in New York is an older gallery, it was founded in 1929 but has been recently reno vated and expanded. This work was finished in 2006 and it had over 2.5 million visitors in the first year after reopening. Another very successful new gallery is the Guggenheim in Bilbao in Spain. It opened in 1997 and now gets about a million visitors a year.Interviewer: Those are pretty impressive figures. Maybe the fact that the Tate Modern is free to visit might have something to do with it?Kathy: Its true that entrance to the permanent collection is free but the numbers of people visiting the temporary exhibition are also high-and the entrance fee is usually about ten pounds.Interviewer: Do you have to pay to get into the other galleries you mentioned?Kathy: Oh yes. You do. Admission to MoMA is 20 US dollars and the Guggenheim in Bilbao costs eight euros.Interviewer: Do people mind paying, do you think?Kathy: No, I dont think they do mind. Most people feel the fees are reasonabl e considering the outstanding collections of priceless works of art that they get to see.Interviewer: You mentioned that the buildings that art galleries are in can be an attraction themselves these days.Kathy: Well, yes, the Guggenheim has literally revitalized the whole city and put Bilbao on the tourist map. Its got a futuristic, curvy metallic structure and people love it. The Tate Modern has helped redevelop an old industrial area beside the River Thames. The gallery itself is actually inside a huge , old, brick power station. And MoMA is interesting as its in downtown New York.Interviewer: And who visits these galleries? Whats the profile of the average art lover?Kathy: Well, in the past museums and galleries were seen as appealing to the older generation. But in fact, 48 percent of visitors to the Tate Modern are under 35.UNIT5 Listening in 1Today well focus on two aspects of group behaviour.Firstly,how groups develop,and secondly,the roles individuals play within a group.Its widely acknowledged that the performance of effective groups is often greater than the sum of the individuals in the group.This is due to what we call synergy-in other words,the extra energy and effevtiveness that people create when they work together.Early research in this field carried out in the 1930s by Elton Mayo discovered something that he called the “Hawthorne effect”.The idea is that when individual know they are part of a study,their productivity automatically increases regardless of other factors,such as how much time or money they are given,for example.The research suggests that things like personal identity,self-esteem and the social context in which a group is working are really very important factors in improving the performance of individuals.If we move on to look at the nature of groups more closely,we find that groups have natural phasese that can help us understand their effectiveness.You have probably all had experience of working with other people in a group that,at firsl,wasn,t very productive.This phenomenon was studied by Tuckman in the 1960s,and he created a model to describe the stages of a group.The first stage is known as”Forming”which is when individual members get to know each other.This is followed by”Storming”when individual start to share their ideas and creative energy.The third phase is”Norming”where a group identity begins to form.The final stage is”Performing”when individuals within the group work together.And it is at this stage that the group achieves results.Understanding these phases can help us ensure that members of a group work together to overcome early loner.The”Resource investigator”is the group member who is always curious and explores new ideas and the”Monitorevaluator”is calm and serous and makes good,balanced decisions.The”Team worker”in contrast is a socially orientated and sensitive member of the team who is able to encourage a team spirit.And the”Comleter-finisher”is a conscientious perfectionist who follows through on the details and ties up and loose ends.To be effective,a team needs to have a variety of members who can fulfill all these different roles.Listening in 2Today Im reporting from Phuket in Southern Thailand.Parts of the island were devastated by the tsunami in 2004,and over 250 people lost their lives here. Ive come back to see how one community has recovered.Here in the village of The Chat Chai,the rebuilding of the destroyed homes has been led by the international organazition Habitat for Humanity.About a year after the tsunami occurred,volunteers began building 36 new homes for local families.One villager,Somwang,is certainly very happy with the results.He used to live in a small hut on his two square metre plot of land near the sea.The local community wanted him to have a bigger home and despite the small size of his plot of land,they built him a three-storey house,which is now the tallest in the village. A happy ending to such a horrific tragedy.The rebuilding here has also had a positive effect on the local economy,because the earth bricks that were used to build the homes were produced in Khao Lak,another tsunami hit islandall part of a post-tsunami livelihood development project.Talking to people here,Ive discovered that the project not only provided them with much needed shelter,but also the process has helped rebuild a spirit of community amongst them.A host of foreign as well as local volunteers joined together to work in rebuilding the villagers homes and lives,and even an American TV celebrity volunteered.The project has also been visited by former US president Jimmy Carter,who is an active supporter of Habitat for Humanity.He and his wife offer one week of their time every year to volunteer on construction projects around the world.Its certainly encouraging to see the strength of the human spirit and generosity of people who help others in times of need.Habitat for Humanity is continuing their work in the south of Thailand,helping poor local families and communities to improve their lives.Their Save&Bulid scheme encourages families to save 30 per cent of the cost of building or rebuilding their home.The charity then lends the family the rest of the money they need,and helps in the building of their new home.Its then paid for in monthly repayments of under 30,which supports those who want to build a better life for themselves.This is Marianne Harper reporting from Southern Thailand.Uint 9Listening inPart 1 OK,so a little test .Coca-Cola.Nike.ferrari.Think!What image did you get as I said these very famous brand names?Wait a moment.Theres no real need to answer,is there,because we know,more or less,dont we?Coca-Colathat delicious fizzy drink,ice cold,on a summers day. Nike, running shoes for strong,beautiful bodies.Ferrarian attractive,powerful car for attractive,powerful people.The fact, the names, the brand names say it all.whats in a brand name?Ideally,everything!Everything the manufacturer wants you to think of when you hear the name.thats certainly what both customersexeprience and research tells us.its the reasons why manufacturers attach such importance to choosing the right name for their products.Lets have a look at some of the qualities a good brand name should have.Firstly ,it should be simple and easy to remember.Imagine if Coca-Cola had been namd “Cocafantaslicola”.Its just too long!Or,take other namestarbucks,the name of a famous coffee shop.now,thats an easy name to remember,starbucks.Second point,the brand name should be different,unique,something you cant confuse with anything else.Like Coca-Cola.Orlets take another famous brand nameMicrosoft.It combines two words,micro,meaning very small,and the word soft.Two words that together make a unique nameMicrosoft.Thirdly,if the word is a real word,it should be strong,positive associations.Take the name Alfa Romeo,Alfa is the first letter of the Greek alphabet and has the association of the best or the strongest.Romeo is the name of the most romantic lovers of all in a famous Shakespeare play.Alfa Romeostrong,romantic.The words have great association,dont they?Forth point,the sound of the name is very important.take Ferrari.The word has a long vowel sound“aaari”that makes it sound luxurious.So Ferrari must be a luxurious car.How about Coca-Cola?Its got a sharp,fizzy sound,just like the drink.Soall these things are what you should be looking for when choosing a brand namesomething simple,memorable,unique,with positive association and a great sound.whew!Its not easy,is it,to choose a name that does all those things?But the very bes