中西方文化差异(英文版)PPT课件

.,1,CulturaldifferencesinpolitenessbetweenwesternandChinese,.,2,1.GreetingandParting,InChina,Whenpeoplemeetacquaintancesorfriends,wealwayssay,“Haveyoueatenyet?”Whatareyougoingtodo?”InEnglish,peopleoftenemploythefollowingexpressionstogreeteachother“Goodmorning/evening/afternoon.“Fineday,isntit?”Howiseverythinggoing?”,etc.,.,3,WesternandChinesecultureshavediversewaystodealwithleave-takings.,Westernpeoplealwaystrytomaketheirleavingsoundreluctantbyfindingsomereasonsandapologizeforittomaketheleavingacceptableforbothparties.Theyoftensignalseveraltimesbeforeleaving.Suchas,1.“IamafraidImustbeoff,Ihaveto”2.“Well,itsbeennicetoseeyouagain.Idoenjoyourtalkandthelovelydinner,butImustbegoingsoon”.3.“Thankyouverymuchforaskingmeover.Ihopewellbeabletogettogetheragainbeforelong”,.,4,2.Addressing,InChina,thesurnamecomesfirstandthenthegivenname.Whilewesternersnamesarewrittenandspokenwiththegivennamefirstandthefamilynamelast.,.,5,Inaformalsetting,westernersaddressmenasMister(Mr),marriedwomenasMisses(Mrs.),andunmarriedwomenasMiss(Ms.).ThesedaysmanywomenprefertobeaddressedusingtheabbreviationsMs.,pronouncedmiz.Inaninformalsituation,westernerswillintroduceeachotherbyfirstname,withouttitles,andoccasionallybyjustthelastname.,.,6,East&West,Chineseuse“title+surname”toaddresstheirsuperiororeldersratherthancallthemsurnames,whilethesuperiororelderscalltheaddresserstheirnames.otherwise,theaddressermaybeconsideredasillmannered,illeducatedorrude.,Inwest,Althoughtheyaredifferentinageandstatus,theycancalltheotherdirectly,namely,theirnames,evenfirstnames.Theydemonstratethesenseofintimacyandtheconceptionof”Everyoneiscreatedequal”,.,7,3.ComplimentsandResponse,Forexample,ifahostessiscomplimentedforhercookingskill,howshewillresponseinwestandchina?,.,8,East&West,AChinesehostesswillapologizeforgivingyou“Nothing”.Shewillsay“Ijustmadesomedishescasuallyandtheyarenotverytasty.”,Anwesternhostessislikelytosay,”Oh,Iamsogladthatyoulikedit.Icookitespeciallyforyou.”,.,9,Whatwecanseefromit?,TheAmericansare“straightforwardness”,theChinesetakepridein“modesty”.Intheresponsetocompliments.Chinesearetendtoeffacethemselvesinwordsorrefuseit,althoughtheydofeelcomfortableaboutthecompliments.,.,10,4.ThanksandResponses,InChina,“Thankyou”isnotfrequentlyusedbetweenintimatefriendsandfamilymembersbecauseitmayimplyacertaindistancebetweentheaddresserandtheaddressee.“Thankyou”iswidelyusedinEnglishtoshowgratitudeinsuchcasesasbeinginvited,helped,givenagift,etc.,.,11,5.AskingPersonalAffairs,PeoplefromChinadonotregarditasaskingpersonalaffairswhentheyaskothersname、age、maritalstatus、wages、personallife、beliefandpoliticalpoints.Itisregardasconcerns.Whilethewesternswillthinkyouviolatetheirrightofprivacy.,.,12,East&West,whenwetalktothewesterns,wemustavoidaskingsomequestionslikethis:“Howoldareyou?”“Areyoumarried？”“Howmanychildrendoyouhave？”“Howmuchdoyoumake？”“Doyougotothechurch？”,.,13,InthecultureofBritishandAmerica,itisveryimportanttoconsultatimebeforeyouinvitesomebodytoattendabanquetortakepartinsocialactivities.Esp.inAmerica,invitesomebodymeansyouareborrowtimesofothers.Sotheyrespecttimeverymuch.WhileinChina,peopleareprefertoanuninvitedguest.,6.Invitation,.,14,Differentculturalfactorsmayresultinculturaldifferences.,1.CulturalBackground2.Differentvalues3.IndividualismandCollectivism4.Family5.Nationalism,.,15,Somethingaboutwesternfamilies,Westernfamiliesadvocateequalityindailylife.Thehusbandandthewifeusuallyhaveanequalityvoiceindecision-making,andoncertainmatters,thechildren,too,haveavote.Inthewestern,mostoldpeopledonotlivewiththeirchildrenorrelatives.Iftheyhaveenoughmoneytheywillbuyhouseorapartmentsinplaceswhereotheroldpeoplelive.Iftheydonothealthyandstrongenoughtolivealone,theywouldratherliveinnursing