四级词汇综合讲义(学生版).doc

第一讲（完型）PART 1: DEMO An earthquake hit Kashmir on Oct. 8. 2005. It took some 75.000 lives, _67_ 130,000 and left nearly 3.5 million without food, jobs or homes. _68_ overnight, scores of tent villages bloomed across the region, tended by international aid organizations, military_70_and aid groups working day and night to shelter the survivors before winter set_71_.Mercifully, the season was mild. But with the_72_of spring, the refugees will be moved again. Camps that_73_health care, food and shelter for 150,000 survivors have begun to close as they were never intended to be permanent.67. A) injured B) ruined C) destroyed D) damaged68. A) Altogether B) Almost C) Scarcely D) Surely70. A) ranks B) equipment C) personnel D) installations71. A) out B) in C) on D) forth72. A) falling B) emergence C) arrival D) appearing73. A) strengthened B) aided C) transferred D) provided小结：搭配法一句话是否通顺，被理解而不产生歧义，关键就是看其各成分之间是否搭配得当，尤其是_之间的搭配；PART 2: 演练 （一）动词a.动宾搭配(1) While a third said theey would not be able to _74_ enough employees with the right A-level skills.（2011.12 真题）A. transfer B. recruit C. bind D. attain(2) It caused them to think about how they might control the experiences of children to _85_ responsible and productive adults. (2008.12 真题)A. multiply B. manufacture C. produce D. provide(3) Most students attend a university mainly to _75_ the knowledge needed for their chosen profession. (2008.6 真题)A) acquire B) accept C) endure D) ensureb.主谓（宾）搭配(4) Many animals can _69_. (2006.12 真题)A) transfer B)transmit C)convey D)communicate (5) The demand for people with high-quality skills and qualifications will _77_.（2011.12真题）A. intensify B. stretch C. enforce D. dominatec.动词词组搭配（后有介词）(6) They are_79_of free fresh fruit. (2007.6 真题)A) seeking B) dreaming C) longing D) searching(7) The key _72_in the fact that the units of meaning, words, can be strung together in different ways. (2006.12 真题)A) stays B)situates C)hides D)lies(8) The difference _70_ in the details. (2010.6 真题)A) situate B) lies C) roots D) locates（二）名词a.跟前面的形容词或名词的搭配(9) Spouses who are more forgiving show higher marital _83_ over time. (2012.6 真题)A) identity B) charity C) capability D) quality(10) Suda reflects a worrisome 70 in Japan; the automobile is losing its emotional appeal, particularly among the young, who prefer to spend their money on the latest electronic devices. （2009.6 真题）A) drift B) tide C) current D) trend (11) In many villages, electrical _82_ have not been repaired, nor have roads. (2007.6 真题)A) lines B) channels C) paths D) currentsb.主谓(宾)搭配（做主语，位于谓语动词之前，一般在句首）(12) This belief that the social _81_ influenced a persons overall development was very encouraging to people interested in progress and reform in the United States. (2008.12 真题)A. engagement B. environment C. state D. statusc. 动宾搭配（做宾语，位于位于动词之后，一般在句尾）(13) He should be prepared to make sacrifices to study his chosen _85_ in depth. (2008.6真题)A) field B) target C) scope D) goal(14) Encourage more young people to study science related _80_. (2011.12 真题)A) thoughts B) academies C) subjects D) proceduresd. A of B 类型(15) But with the_72_of spring, the refugees will be moved again. (2007.6 真题)A) falling B) emergence C) arrival D) appearing(16) He must use the sounds of speech to identify the words spoken, understand the pattern of _84_ of the words (sentences), and finally interpret the meaning. (2006.12 真题)A) performance B) organization C) design D) layoutf. 名词前有介词（考虑介词和名词构成固定搭配）(17) But most experts agree that some research activity is essential to keep the staff and their students in _74_ with the latest developments in their subjects. (2008.6 真题)A) coordination B) accordance C) touch D) grasp(18) In addition, advertising can influence consumers moods which, in _86_, are capable of influencing consumer reactions to products. (2007.12 真题)A） turn B） total C） detail D） depth（三）形容词a.跟后面的名词搭配(19) He should have an ambition to make some _86_ contribution to mans knowledge.(2008.6 ) A) radical B) meaningful C) truthful D) initial(20) When our friends are happy and “up”, that trends to influence us positively, but when they are “down”, that can have a _75_ impact on us. (2007.12 真题)A）relative B）decisive C）negative D）sensitive(21) In the past we used to believe that_68_ amounts of individual nutrients (营养物质) were the key to good health. (2011.6 真题) A）serious B) splendid C) specific D) separateb.跟主语和系动词构成主系表搭配(22) But most experts agree that some research activity is _73_ to keep the staff and their students in touch with the latest developments in their subjects. （2008.6 真题）A) natural B) essential C) functional D) optional 23）Second, because conflict and disagreements are an _80_ part of close relationships, people need to be able to apologize to their partner for wrongdoings and _81_forgiveness from their partner for their own acts.A) inevitable B) essential C) absolute D) obviousA) achieve B) inquire C) require D) receive (24) If the US patent office grants a patent, it is confirming that the intellectual property is _68_.A) solemn B) sober C) unique D) universal （四）副词a. 跟前后出现的动词搭配(25) Moods appear to be _82_ influenced by marketing techniques. (2007.12 真题)A）readily B）rarely C）cautiously D）currentlyb. 修饰后面的形容词(26) In 1993, few corporations had a web page, and _80_ a handful allowed one to order products or services online.A) largely B) slightly C) solely D) only（五）介词a.考虑固定搭配 (27) They also carry out research work aimed _67_ extending mans knowledge of these subjects.A) at B) by C) to D) in区别：aim at doing: aim to do sth:(28) _71_ one sense, the effect of a consumers mood can be thought of in much the same wayas can our reactions to the behavior of our friends. (2007.6 真题)A）On B）Of C）In D）By(29) To solve their problems at early stages, which can then lead to even greater problems later _71_. (2012.6 真题)A) on B) by C) off D) away(30) In line _82_ this view, spouses who are more forgiving show higher marital quality over time. (2012.6 真题)A) with B) over C) up D）ofb.考虑介词实际含义(31) Universities have always aimed to produce men and women _78_ judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge. (2008.6 真题)A) with B) under C) on D) through (32) Families of as many as 10 people have had to shelter _77_a single tent and share cookstoves and bathing facilities with neighbors. (2007.6 真题)A) by B) below C) under D) with(33) Scientists now focus on the broader picture of the balance of food eaten _74_ several days or a week rather than on the number of milligrams(毫克) of this or that consumed at each meal.（2011.6） A) over B) along C) with D) beyond(34) Professors have many other duties _ teaching, such as administrative or research work.A) but B) except C) with D) besides（六）连词：(35) He used to own Toyotas Hilux Surf, a sport utility vehicle. But now he uses mostly subways and grains . “Its not inconvenient at all” he says. 69 , “having a car is so 20th century.”A) Therefore B) Besides C) Otherwise D) Consequently(36) When our friends are happy and “up”, that trends to influence us positively, _74_ when they are “down”, that can have a negative impact on us. (2007.12 真题)A）for B）but C）unless D）provided(37) Some couples just avoid and deny the presence of any conflict in a relationship. _68_, denying the existence of conflict result in couples failing to solve their problems at early stages. (2012.6真题)A) Therefore B) However C) Moreover D) Besides(七) 空前后含有andorbuthowever等关键信息 (38) Their communities do not have resources to build and _74_ sports fields and facilities.A. maintain B. sustain C. contain D. entertain(39) They want to get back to their herds and start_80_again. (2007.6 真题)A) producing B) cultivating C) farming D) nourishing(40) The federation of British Industry surveyed 694 businesses and organizations across the public and _72_ sectors, which together employ 2.4 million people. (2011.12 真题)A) collective B) civil C) personal D) private(41) Firms say it is already hard to find people with the right _78_ or engineering skills. (2011.12 真题)A) techncal B) physical C) creative D) narrativePART 3: 总结 四级完型解题方法：（1）（2）（3）各种词性考虑顺序：（1） 动词：a. b. c.（2） 名词：a. b. c. d.（3） 形容词: a. b.（4） 副词: a. b. （5） 介词: a. b.（6） 连词:重点注意：1） 2）PART 4: 实战2009年12月真题Older people must be given more chances to learn if they are to contribute to society rather than be a financial burden, according to a new study on population published recently.The current approach which 67 on younger people and on skills for employment is not 68 to meet the challenges of demographic (人口结构的) change, it says. Only 1% of the education budget is 69 spent on the oldest third of the population.The 70 include the fact that most people can expect to spend a third of their lives in 71 , that there are now more people over 59 than under 16 and that 11.3 million people are 72 state pension age.“ 73 needs to continue throughout life. Our historic concentration of policy attention and resources 74 young people cannot meet the new 75 ,” says the reports author, Professor Stephen McNair.The major 76 of our education budget is spent on people below the age of 25. 77 people are changing their jobs, 78 , partners and lifestyles more often than 79 , they need opportunities to learn at every age 80 , some people are starting new careers in their 50s and later. People need opportunities to make a “midlife review” to 81 to the later stage of employed life, and to plan for the transition (过渡) 82 retirement, which may now happen 83 at any point from 50 to over 90, says McNair.And there should be more money 84 to support people in establishing a 85 of identity and finding constructive 86 for the “third age”, the 20 or more years they will spend in healthy retired life.67. A) operates B) focuses C) counts D) depends68. A) superior B) regular C) essential D) adequate69. A) currently B) barely C) anxiously D) heavily70. A) regulations B) obstacles C) challenges D) guidelines71. A) enjoyment B) retirement C) stability D) inability72. A) over B) after C) across D) beside73. A) Indentifying B) Learning C) Instructing D) Practicing74. A) at B) by C) in D) on75. A) desires B) realms C) needs D) intentions76. A) measure B) ratio C) area D) portion77. A) When B) Until C) Whether D) Before78. A) neighbors B) moods C) homes D) minds79. A) ago B) ever C) previously D) formerly80. A) For example B) By contrast C) In particular D) On average81. A) transform B) yield C) adjust D) suit82. A) within B) from C) beyond D) to83. A) unfairly B) unpredictably C) instantly D) indirectly84. A) reliable B) considerable C) available D) feasible85. A) sense B) conscience C) project D) definition86. A) ranks B) assets C) ideals D) roles2010年12月真题Over half the worlds people now live in cities. The latest “Global Report on Human Settlements” says a significant change took place last year. The report 67 this week from U.N. Habitat, a United Nations agency.A century ago, 68 than five percent of all people lived in cities. 69 the middle of this century it could be seventy percent, or 70 six and a half billion people.Already three-fourths of people in 71 countries live in cities. Now most urban population 72 is in the developing world.Urbanization can 73 to social and economic progress, but also put 74 on cities to provide housing and 75 . The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move 76 cities and towns each day. It says worsening inequalities, 77 by social divisions and differences in 78 , could result in violence and crime 79 cities plan better.Another issue is urban sprawl (无序扩展的城区). This is where cities 80 quickly into rural areas, sometimes 81 a much faster rate than urban population growth.Sprawl is 82 in the United States. Americans move a lot. In a recent study, Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the 83 cities to smaller ones. He sees a 84 toward “de-urbanization” across the nation. 85 urban economies still provide many 86 that rural areas do not.67. A came on B came off C came over D came out68. A more B other C less D rather69. A By B Through C Along D To70. A really B barely C ever D almost71. A flourishing B developed C thriving D fertile72. A extension B addition C raise D growth73. A keep B turn C lead D refer74. A pressure B load C restraint D weight75. A surroundings B communities C concerns D services76. A onto B into C around D upon77. A pulled B driven C drawn D pressed78. A situation B wealth C treasure D category79. A when B if C unless D whereas80. A expand B split C invade D enlarge81. A in B beyond C with D at82. A common B conventional C ordinary D frequent83. A essential B prior C primitive D major84. A trend B style C direction D path85. A Then B But C For D While86. A abilities B qualities C possibilities D realities2010年6月真题The term e-commerce refers to all commercial transactions conducted over the Internet, including transactions by consumers and business-to-business transactions. Conceptually, e-commerce does not _67_ from well-known commercial offerings such as banking by phone, mail order catalogs, or sending a purchase order to supplier _68_ fax. E-commerce follows the same model _69_ in other business transactions; the difference _70_ in the details.To a consumer, the most visible form of e-commerce consists _71_ online ordering. A customer begins with a catalog of possible items, _72_ an item, arranges a form of payment, and _73_ an order. Instead of a physical catalog, e-commerce arranges for catalogs to be _74_ on the Internet. Instead of sending an order on paper or by telephone, e-commerce arranges for orders to be sent _75_ a computer network. Finally, instead of sending a paper representation of payment such as a check, e-commerce _76_ one to send payment information electronically.In the decade _77_ 1993, e-commerce grew from an _78_ novelty (新奇事物) to a mainstream business influence. In 1993, few _79_ had a web page, and _80_ a handful allowed one to order products or services online. Ten years _81_, both large and small businesses had web pages, and most _82_ users with the opportunity to place an order. _83_