高中英语语法专题复习_省略句.ppt

高中英语语法专题复习,版面设计：IvanFang,省略句,课件制作：杨讯,贵州省遵义市贵州钢绳中学（二OO五年十二月）,资料整理：杨讯,高中英语语法专题复习,省略,贵州省遵义市贵州钢绳中学,知识详解,跟踪练习,高考真题,Ellipsis,一、概述,在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分，这种现象叫省略。如：,知识详解,Begyoupardon.,Soundslikeagoodidea.,（I）Begyoupardon.,(It)Soundslikeagoodidea.,知识详解,二、分类详解,（一）简单句中的省略,1、省略主语祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。如：,Thankyouforyourhelp.,(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.,简单句中的省略,Doesntmatter.,(It)doesntmatter.,知识详解,2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。如：,(Thereis)Nosmoking.,（省略主语和谓语）,（Willyou)Haveasmoke?,What/How(doyouthink)aboutacupoftea?,Why(doyou)notsayhellotohim?,简单句中的省略,知识详解,3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to，但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态，则须在之后加上be或have。如：,Areyougoingthere?Yes,Idliketo.,简单句中的省略,Hedidntgivemethechance,thoughhehadpromisedto.,Areyouanengineer?No,butIwantto.,Hehasntfinishedthetaskyet.Well,heoughtto.,(gothere).,(givemethechance).,be,have,知识详解,4、省略表语。如：,Areyouthirsty?Yes,Iam.,简单句中的省略,Hisbrotherisntlazy,norishissister.,(thirsty).,(lazy).,5、同时省略几个成分。如：,Letsmeetatthesameplaceasyesterday.,(wemet),同时省略主、谓语,知识详解,Haveyoufinishedyourwork?Notyet.,简单句中的省略,Ihavenotfinishedmyhomeworkyet.,Ihavenotfinishedmyhomeworkyet.,Ihavenotfinishedmyhomeworkyet.,（二）复合句中的省略,知识详解,1、主句中有一些成分被省略，如：,Sorrytohearyouareill.,主从复合句中的省略,Pitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.,Shemustbebusynow?-Ifso,shecantgowithus.,Doyouthinkhewillattendthemeeting?-Iguessnot.,(Im),(Itsa),=heisbusy,=hewontattendthemeeting,知识详解,AreyouleavingforBeijingthisSunday?Ithinkso.,主从复合句中的省略,so,ImleavingforBeijingthisSunday.,Tommustbefreetoday.Ifso.Hecanhelpus.,so,heisfree.,2、主句中有一些成分被省略、而用so或not来代替，如：,知识详解,Itisgoingtorain,isntit?Ihopenot.,主从复合句中的省略,not,itisnotgoingtorain.,这种用法常见的有：Howso?Whyso?Isthatso?Ihopeso.Hesaidso.及Isuppose/believe/hopenot.Whynot?等等。,知识详解,Mybrotherisadoctorandmysister-in-law(is)alawyer.,并列中的省略,（省略相同的谓语动词）,1、两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。如：,Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,andthenight(isgetting)shorterandshorter.,(isgetting),(is),省略相同的谓语动词,（三）并列句中的省略,知识详解,其它形式的省略,Weallknow(that)theearthrunsaroundthesun.,(that),（四）其它形式的省略,1、连词的that省略,宾语从句中常省略连词that，但当有两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个that则不能省略。,Marysaid(that)sheisfromAmericanandthatsheis16yearsold.,(that),知识详解,其它形式的省略,（2）在定语从句中，that,which,who在从句中作宾语时可省略。,Ihaventreadthebook(that/which)yourereading.,(that/which),Theman(that/who)yourfatherjusttalkedtoisourEnglishteacher,Mr.Smith.,(that/who),2、在以when,while,once引导的时间状语从句及以if,unless引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有be动词时，从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。,2、在以when,while,once引导的时间状语从句及以if,unless引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有be动词时，从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。,2、在以when,while,once引导的时间状语从句及以if,unless引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有be动词时，从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。,Whenaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.,知识详解,其它形式的省略,Whenhewasaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.,he,Ifheisfree,Jackwillgowithus.,hewas,Iffree,Jackwillgowithus.,heis,Unlessinvited,hewontcome.,知识详解,其它形式的省略,Unlessheisinvited,hewontcome.,he,Whileheisdoinghousework,myfatheroftenlistenstomusic.,heis,Whiledoinghousework,myfatheroftenlistenstomusic.,heis,he,知识详解,其它形式的省略,3、不定式符号to的省略,Myfatheroftenasksmetogotothemarketandtobuysomevegetables.,(to),（1）并列的不定式可省去后面的to.,（2）介词but前若有动词do（did,does,done)，后面的不定式不带to，否则要带to.,Hehadnochoicebuttowait.,to,Hehadnothingtodobutwait.,wait,前若有do后则无to，前若无do，后必带to,知识详解,其它形式的省略,Idliketohelp(to)doitforyou.,(to),（3）help作“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带。,（4）find作“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号to可带可不带。,Theparentsfoundtheirsontostudyveryhard.,(to),Wefoundhetobeveryhumorous.,tobe,Heiskindenoughtohelpmetodosomework.,(to),但如果是不定式tobe，则不能省略。,但如果是不定式tobe，则不能省略。,但如果是不定式tobe，则不能省略。,知识详解,其它形式的省略,（5）一些使役动词及感官动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须将to复原。,InoticedamantoentertheclassroomwhenIpassedby.,Amanwasnoticedtoentertheclassroom.,to,X,这类使役动词及感官动词主要有,这类使役动词及感官动词主要有,一“感”:,二“听”:,三“让”:,四“看”:,feel,hear,listento,have,make,let,watch,notice,observe,see,知识详解,其它形式的省略,Whathecandoistokeepsilent.,(to),（6）主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的to可带可不带。,4、在以if引导的非真实条件句中若含有were,had,should时，常可以省略if而将were,had,should置于句。,WereIyou,IdgivetheAIDSpatientahug.,Were,HadIalotofmoney,Idaidthepoorchildren.,Had,Shouldtherebebird-flu,whatwouldwedo?,Should,知识详解,其它形式的省略,Hesuggestweshouldsetoutrightaway.,(should),5、在含有表示“命令、要求、建议、许可”或“禁止”等意义的名词性从句中使用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气的，should常可以省略。如：,Hissuggestionisthatweshouldsetoutrightaway.,(should),Theorderthatweshouldstaywhereweareisveryseriousandsevere.,(should),Itsveryimportantthatstudentsshouldstudyhardatschool.,(should),高考真题,1.Wouldyoulikesomemoretea?_,please.（NMET2005，全国卷II，12）A.NomoreB.JustalittleC.IvehadenoughD.Yes,Iwould,2.Itlltakeatleast2hourstodothis!Oh,_!Icoulddoitin30minutes.(NMET2005，上海39)A.comeonB.pardonmeC.yourarerightD.dontmentionit,高考真题,3.Howaboutputtingsomepicturesintothereport?_Apictureisworthathousandwords.（NMET2005，江苏，24）A.Noway.B.Whynot?C.Allright?D.Nomatter.,4.When_help,oneoftensays“Thankyou.”or“Itskindofyou.”(NMET2005，福建，33)A.offeringB.toofferC.tobeofferedD.offered,高考真题,5.Whydidntyoubuythecamerayouhadlongedfor?Iplanedto,butIwas50_.（NMET2005，福建，34）A.fewerB.lessC.cheapD.short,6.Wouldyoumindmycomingoverandhavingalookatyournewgarden?Mylittlesonscuriousaboutthoserosesyougrow.”_.Yourewelcome.(NMET2005，湖北，25)A.Yes,IdoB.NevermindC.Yes,pleaseD.Notatall,高考真题,7.Tom:Mike,ourteamwillplayagainsttheRocketsthisweekend.Imsurewewillwin.Mike:_!（NMET2005，广东，21）A.CongratulationsB.CheersC.BestwishesD.Goodluck,8.Tara:ThisisTaraPatelfromcottonHouseinKidderminster.CouldIspeaktoMr.Smith,please?Smith:_(NMET2005，广东，22）A.Hello!B.ImMr.Smith.C.Whoareyou?D.Speaking,高考真题,9.Myfamilyusuallygoesskatingforvacation.Ilikeskating,butIwanttotrysomethingdifferentthisyear._（NMET2005，重庆，22）A.Letsgo.B.Cheerup.C.Likewhat?D.Takecare.,10.HaveyoubeentoNewZealand?No,Idliketo,_.(NMET2005，山东，21）A.tooB.thoughC.yetD.either,高考真题,11.Couldyoudomeafavorandtakethesebookstomyoffice?Yes,_（NMET2005，山东，22）A.forpleasureB.IcouldC.mypleasureD.withpleasure,12.Letsgotoamovieafterwork,OK?_(NMET2005，山东，33）A.Notatall.B.Whynot?C.Nevermind.D.Whatofit?,跟踪练习,1.Couldyoupleasesparemesometime?Ivesomethingtotalkwithyou.Notnow,_time,perhaps.A.anyotherB.someC.otherD.someother,2.Thestudentshaveallmadeuptheirmindstogainahighma