初中现在完成时讲解练习及答案

现在完成的时候1结构：正面形式：have/has done否定形式：have/has not done一般疑问句：have或has在句子的第一部分。2使用方法：a表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对当前的影响或结果，强调当前的阴影或结果。）The car has arrived .车来了。(结果：车已经在门口了)Someone has broken the window。有人打破了窗户。(结果：窗户还是破了)Have you had lunch yet？-是，I have.ive just had it。你(已经)吃午饭了吗？刚吃了。我现在不饿b可以结合表示过去开始到现在的行为或状态的副词(如for期间、since过去的时间点、疑问词how long等)和从过去的某个时间点到现在的期间。例如：我叔叔在这个工厂工作了5年。Blackhas lived in China since 2002博士。mr.black从2002年开始住在中国。How long have you been here？你来这多久了？注意：在这个用法中，表示持续动作或状态的动词必须是连续性动词例如：(1)我买了这本书三个月了。错误：I have bought the book for three months。没错。I have had the book for three months .你弟弟参军多久了？错误：how long has your brother joined the army？对：how long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier？3徽标单词：3RecentlyEver、never，So farSince、For、In the past/last few yearsAlready(正面句子)，Yet(否定，疑问句)，杰斯特before说明：already和yet都有“已经”的意思，但是already通常用于肯定句，也用于句子。Yet经常用于否定句和疑问句，并在句尾使用。例如：I have already finished my homework。I havent finished my homework yet。have you finished your homework yet？They have left .(他们已经走了。也就是说，现在他们不在这里)I have had my lunch .(我已经吃过午饭了。也就是说，我现在不饿)I can t find my watch now . I think I have already lost it .附注：表示：come、go、die、marry、buy等短时间动作的字不能与for、since等一起使用一段时间。但是，临时动词可以用相应的连续性动词代替。The old man died 4 years ago。- the old man has been dead for 4 years。I bought the book 5 days ago。-I have had the book for 5 days。:现在概括了非连续性动词到连续性动词的转换1.直接使用连续性动词Buy- havecatch(get)a coldhave a coldBorrowkeepPut on - wearReceivehaveGo to sleep -sleepGet to know -know2.转换为be名词join the armybe a soldier；Go to school- be a studentbecome a tacher-be a teacher join-be a member of3转换成形容词或副词die-be dead；finishbe over；begin-beon；leave-be away；fall sleepbe asleepReturnbe backGet married /marry -be married结束贝奥伯Open be open关闭be closedFall ill -be ill。Go out -be out、Stop -be overFall asleepbe asleep、Getup _ beup4 be介词短语： go to schoolbe in school；Go to bed -be in bedCome to/go to/arrive at(in)地点-be in (at)地点；练习1:连续性动词和瞬时动词之间的转换1.he died 10 years ago . he _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for 10 years 10 years ago。2.he borrowed the book 2 weeks ago . he _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the book for 2 weeks。3.he bought the motor bike a month ago . he _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the motor bike for a month。4.he arrived here three days ago。-he _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ here since three days ago。5.they turned off the light 2 hours ago . the light _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for 2 hours。6.he left here 2 years ago . -he _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ from here for 2 years。7.the film began 30 minutes ago . the film _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for 30 minutes。8.they opened the door an hour ago . the door _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for an hour。9.they closed the door an hour ago . the door _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for an hour。10.he joined the army last year . he _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for a yeyes_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the army for a year。it _ _ _ _ a year _ _ _ _ he joined the army。比较：Have been to.我去过“某个地方”，可以和ever、never、twistance等一起使用。Have gone to说：“去了某个地方，正在去那里的路上，到了那里还没有回来。”Have been in表示“在某个地方住了多久”，经常和表示一定时间的副词一起使用，例如since、for、how long等He went to Shanghai last week他上周去了上海He has been to Shanghai。他(曾经)去过上海。(但其他人显然不是现在在上海，而是回来了)He has gone to Shanghai。他已经去上海了。(可能刚要出发，可能已经到了，可能还在路上，反正别人不在这里)brown has been in Shang hai for three days。布朗老师来上海三天了第一，单一选择。2，the famous writer _ _ _ _ one new book in the past two year。A.is writing b . was wrote c . wrote d . has written3，Have you met Mr . Li _ _ _ _ _ _？A.just b.ago C. befored.a moment ago4，-How long have you _ _ _ _ here？-对于two months。A.been B. gone C.come D. arrived5，-Our country _ _ _ a lot so far。-是。I hope it will be even _ _ _ _ _。A.has changedWell B. changed好C. has changedBetter D. changed贝特6，_ _ _ _ _ _ _ your homework yet？-是-是。I _ it a moment ago。A.diddo；Finished B . Have完成；完成。FinishedC.have完成；完成。have finished d . will；do；收尾7，we _ _ _ _ _ Xie Li since she was a little girl。a . know b . had known c . have known d . knew8，哈利波特is a very nice film。I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ twist。A.will see B. have seen C. saw D.see9，-these farmers have been to the United States。-Really？When _ _ _ _ _ there？A.will they go b . did they go c . do they go d . have they gone10，Zhou lang _ _ _ _ _ already _ _ _ in this school for two years。A.wasStudying B. willStudy C. hasStuied.areStudying11，他的father _ _ _ _ _ the party since 1998。A.联合B. has联合C. was in D. has been in12，-Do you know him well？-sure . we _ _ _ _ _ friends since ten years ago。A.were b . have been c . have become d . have made13，He has _ been to Shanghai，has he？A. already B.never C.ever D. still14，Hurry up！The play _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for ten minutes。A.has begun b . had begun c . has been on d . began15，it _ _ _ ten years since he left the army . a . is b . has c . will d . was16，miss green isnt in the office。she _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to the library。A.has gone B. went C. will go D. has been17，my parents _ _ _ _ _ shandon for tenyears。A.have been in b . have be