六级阅读第十八天(附加卷)-完整版

PassageQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.The Readers digest investigation asked Americans which was the biggest threat to the nations futurebig business, big labor or big government. A whopping 67 percent replied big government”Opinion researchers rarely see such a vast change in public attitude. When put in historical perspective, from the time of Franklin Roosevelts New Deal to the present, the fallen status of government as a protector and benefactor is extraordinary. Weve returned to the instinctive American wariness of Washington so common before the Great Depression.In our poll, taken before the November elections, the overwhelming majority of our respondents wanted to stop or roll back the impact of government. In answer to another question posed by The Digest, 79 percent said they wanted either no more than the current level of government services and taxes, or less government and lower taxes.It seems to me that we in the middle class bear most of the burden,” says Jone Nell Norman, 61, a nurse in Dyersburg, Tenn., who often wonders about the governments judgement in spending her money.Of Americans in our sample, 62 percent believe that politicians ethics and honesty have fallen. And what about Congress? Is it doing a good job? Or do members spend more time thinking about their political futures than passing good legislation?” Across generations, a thumping 89 percent thought the latter. Congress always seems to be screwing up,” says one young Xer.However, Americans are satisfied with their own lives and jobs. Four of five respondents were completely or somewhat satisfied. The figures held up across all ages including Xer,whom many pundits have claimed are pessimistic about their future.Looking deeper at jobs, we found 70 percent of Americans believe they are about where they should be, given their talents and effort. This is an issue where age always makes a difference, since older people, who are more established in their jobs tend to be more satisfied, while younger workers are still trying to find the right niche. Sure enough, Xers scored 65 percent, about five points below average.1. The U. S. government status in the public mind before the Great Depression _.A. was regarded as quite normalB. used to be very lowC. remained a difficult problem for the federal governmentD. reminded people of the principles laid down by Washington2.”Xers” is repeated several times to refer to_A. accusers B. younger respondentsC. college students D. blue-collar workers3. The 61-year-old nurse Norman is mentioned in the article to show that _.A. the government has cheated her out of her moneyB. it is hard for her to earn a livingC. even a retired nurse has lost faith in the governmentD. the more the government does the greater stake tax payers money will be put at4.”Screwing up in paragraph 5 may be paraphrased as _.A. indecisive in making decisions B. benefiting the nation in earnestC. making a mess of everything D. debating hotly5.”Political future in paragraph 5 may be paraphrased as _.A. the future of the whole nationB. peoples well being in the futureC. a position of higher rankD. awareness of consistency in policies每日一句（Daily Sentence）The man who has made up his mind to win will never say Impossible. Napolon Bonaparte凡是决心取得胜利的人从来不说“不可能”。 拿破仑波拿巴Words1.digest:dadest vt.& vi.消化，吸收，整理 n.文摘，摘要2.whopping:wp adj.巨大的，庞大的3.benefactor:benfkt(r) n. 捐助者，施主，恩人4.instinctive:nstktv adj. 天生的，生来的，本能的，直觉的5.wariness:wernsn. 谨慎，注意，小心，戒心6.respondent:rspndnt n.(调查和问题的)回答者;答卷人7.ethics:eks n.道德规范，伦理8.legislation:ledslen n.立法，制定法律，法律，法规9.pundit:pndt n.有学问的人，评论员10.pessimistic:pesmstk adj.悲观的，厌世的，悲观主义的11.indecisive:ndsasv adj.犹豫不决的，优柔寡断的12.earnest:nst adj.热心的，诚挚的，真挚的，重要的13.mess:mes n.脏乱，凌乱，不整洁14.consistency:knsstns n.连贯；符合15.screw:skru: vt.用螺丝拧紧，扭曲（某人的面孔） n.螺丝钉，螺旋桨，螺旋状物16.screw up:把搞糟，拧紧；扭歪（脸）17.make a mess of:扰乱， 弄乱，弄坏，瞎搞一通，弄糟18.roll back:vt.（计划等）中止，结束题目解析1. 选B。题目问在大萧条（Great Depression）之前公众是怎样认为美国政府的地位的？本题定位到原文第二段。研究人员很少能见到公众态度如此大的转变。自从富兰克林-罗斯福颁布新政到现在，作为保护者和施恩者的美国政府的地位逐渐下降已经非比寻常了，可是呢，美国人还是蛮厉害的哦，美国人很快就在大萧条之前恢复到华盛顿时代美国人天生的谨慎状态了，而且这种变化看似如此简单（从so common可以看出）。由此可以看出来，美国政府地位一直不咋地，从罗斯福以后就一直萎靡不振的，地位一直很低。所以美国人才会习以为常，转变的也会快一些了。A选项说美国政府的地位一直被很平常的对待，与原文不符，实际上美国政府的地位已经不行了；原文并没有提到财政问题，C错了。文中只是简单提到华盛顿时期的美国人的谨慎状态，并没有说要人们牢记华盛顿所颁布的法令，D夸大其词了。2. 选B。题目问Xers在文中出现多次，它所指的是什么呢？Xers在文中出现在原文的左后三段中，我们可以看出来，Xers指的是某一群人，倒数第三段最后一句出现了Xer，.young xer.，我们大致可以知道Xers很可能指的是年轻人，最后一段说美国人对他们的现在的工作还是很满意的，尤其是一些年长的人，后边说的那些Xers却还在为自己的命运努力，而Xers一定是与older people相对的人，所以Xers应该指的就是年轻一代的回应者了（younger respondents）。A.原告，文中并没有说明什么打官司的呀，A错了；C.大学生，大学生的确是年轻人，但是这只是年轻回应者中的一部分，不全面；D蓝领工人，文中并没有说到。3. 选D。题目问文中提到一名61岁的退休护士想要表明什么呢？本题定位到第四段。老护士说，我们这些中层阶级的人承受的负担最多了。老人为什么会这么想呢，因为她一直在质疑政府在花她的钱上面的判决，显然，政府是多花老人的钱了，老人对政府的判决是不满意的。但是为啥这种事件发生呢？第三段最后一句说明了原因，第三段说人们一直想挽回政府的影响，而后回答读者文摘的问题时也说，79%的人再也不想要政府乱七八糟的服务和税收了，由此说明，老人跟政府干上了还是因为税收上的问题。我们看一下选项，A说政府骗了她的钱，这个文中并没有提到，而且这么说也有些不太妥，可以排除；B.老人已经难以维持生活了。这个原文的确没有提到的哦，pass掉！C说这个退休的护士I静对政府失去了信心，这个选项迷惑性很大，虽然政府的判决对老人不太公平，但是这并不能说老人就对政府心灰意冷了吧，这样说有些牵强（想的太多就会选了这个了），那只剩下D了，D选项说的就是股份税收（stake tax），政府把税收弄的越大，纳税人（payer）付的钱就会越多。这正好是举老人的例子的目的所在。4. 选C。题目问”Screwing up“这个词是啥意思？本题定位到第五段。第五段说政客的道德和诚信都没有了，良心大大滴坏的 ，但是国会呢？国会是能抽出更多时间想一想政界的未来呢还是忙于制定该死的法律呢？89%的人认为是后者。所有有个年轻人说国会只会screwing up，从文章来看，人们给予很大希望的国会也是二货一个，帮不上忙的，还扯后腿（关键时刻还在制定无聊的法律），所以国会也是在瞎搞。我们看一下选项：A.优柔寡断的做决定，原文没有说国会是这个样子哦；B.非常热心的帮助国家谋求利益，国会会有这么好吗？显然是错的；D.热烈的讨论，原文并没有说明有讨论的部分，猜词也不能乱猜的呀！C呢