高三情态动词复习PPT课件

.,1,情态动词,Modalverbs,.,2,常用的情态动词,can（could）may（might）shall（should）will（would）must（must）dare（dared）need（need）,havetooughttobeabletousedto,.,3,Thefeature（特点）ofthemodalverbs:1.情态动词本身有词义,但词义不完全.2.不能单独作谓语,只能和动词原形一起构成谓语.3.情态动词没有人称和数的变化(除“haveto”).4.没有不定式、V-ing、V-ed形式.,Hecan/could/must/may/might/shall/should/need/dare/dared/will/would/oughtto/usedto+workinthatfactory.,Hehastogohomenow.,Hehadtolookafterhissickmother.,.,4,在情态动词的使用中,我们要注意以下考点:,1.情态动词的基本用法。2.情态动词+have+P.P的用法。3.情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法。4.情态动词的反意疑问句的用法。5.情态动词特殊短语的用法。6.情态动词表推测的用法归纳,.,5,1.表“能力”,Canyouliftthisheavybox?Icouldntunderstandwhathesaidatall.,注意：beableto表示经过一番努力后,才能做得到的“能力”.且有多种时态.表示成功完成某一具体工作时，用was/wereableto,而不用could.,Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_getoutA.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto,can,could的用法,.,6,2.表“请求,许可”could用来表示请求的时候比can更委婉,CanyouhelpmewithmyEnglish?HesaidIcouldborrowhisbike.CouldIuseyourbike?,CouldIborrowyourdictionary?Yes,ofcourseyou_A.mightB.willC.canD.should,.,7,3.表“可能性”,can,could用在肯定句中表示理论上的可能性，“经验之谈”Asahumanbeing,anyonecanmakeamistake.can,could用在疑问句中表推测,表示可能性Whatonearthcanthismean?can,could用在否定句中表推测，翻译成“不可能”,Wethoughtthestorycouldntbetrue.,.,8,1.Mary_beinParis，forIsawherinthetownonlyafewminutesagoAmustntBcantCshouldntDmaynot,2.MyMP4playerisntinmybag.Where_Ihaveputit?A.canB.mustC.shouldD.would,.,9,1.表“询问”(might比用may更客气.),MayI?(=CanI?)MightI?(=CouldI?)MayIborrowyourbook?,may与might用法,MayIpickaflowerinthegarden?_.A.No,youneedntB.Not,please.C.No,youmustntD.No,youwont,.,10,注意：mayI?的答语.肯定:Yes,youmay.否定:No,youmustnt(语气强硬)No,youmaynot.或No,youdbetternot.,.,11,2.表“许可”,YoumaytaketheboythereHesaidthatImightusehistelephone.,MightIwatchTVaftersupper?Yes,you_.A.mayB.mustC.mightD.could,.,12,3.表推测，表示主观上的推测，“可能，也许”，不用于疑问句,might比may的可能性更小,Shemaynotlikethisplace.Imafraidhemightnotlikethisplace.,Petercomewithustonight，butheisntverysureyetAmustBmayCcanDwill,.,13,1.must表示主观上的必须，应该，没有时态变化。YoumustdoeverythingasIdo.,注意:MustIfinishmyhomeworktoday?Yes,youmust.No,youneednt./No,youdonthaveto.,must的用法,.,14,“必须、不得不”must表示的是说话人的主观看法。haveto表示的是客观需要。（是由于某种外界（客观）原因而“必须”，“不得不”做某事，也可表示经常的或习惯性的事“必须”做。）haveto的否定形式表示不必。haveto可用于多种时态中。Youwillhavetocleanyourownbootswhenyoujointhearmy.Ihavetobeatmyofficeeveryevening.,1.Incrowdedplaceslikeairportsandrailwaystations,you_takecareofyourluggage.（2007北京卷）A.canB.mayC.mustD.will2.Musthecometosignthispaperhimself?Yes,he_.(2006广东)A.needB.mustC.mayD.will,3.Someaspectsofapilotsjob_beboring,andpilotsoften_workatinconvenienthours.（2006湖南）A.can;havetoB.may;canC.haveto;mayD.oughtto;must,.,16,2.must表示肯定的推测。Thelightisstillon,sohemustbeathome.,Lookathisnewcar.He_havealotofmoney.A.shouldB.shallC.mayD.must,.,17,3.must表示“一定要”、“坚持”“偏要”、“偏偏”。表示与说话人的愿望相反.Ifyoumustgo，atleastwaittillthestormisoverMustyoumakesomuchnoise？你偏要弄出那么多噪音？,MayIsmokehere?Ifyou_,chooseaseatinthesmokingsection.（2006山东）A.shouldB.couldC.mayD.must,.,18,4.mustnt表示禁止做某事。Youmustntsmokeintheoffice.,WhenIwasyoung,IwastoldthatI_playwithmatches.(2008上海春招)A.wouldntB.needntC.mustntD.darent,.,19,shall作助动词，用于第一人称，表示将来，should是shall的过去式WeshallstartforBeijingtomorrow.,shall作情态动词1：用于第一人称和第三人称，表示征求对方意见或请求指示Shallwebeginourlesson?ShallI/shesithere?,shall与should用法,.,20,-Sir,_hegoorstay?-Lethimgo.A.willB.shallC.mightD.could,2:shall用于第二、三人称，表示允诺、警告、威胁、命令、决心等。Youwantedjustice,soyoushallgetjustice,morethanyouwanted.Youshallhaveanicepresentforyourbirthday.Youshallbesorryforwhatyouhavedone.Whenhecomesinnobodyshallsayaword.Nothingshallstopusfromcarryingoutthisplan.,(允诺),(允诺),(警告),(命令),(决心),.,21,1.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates(候选人)_remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.A.canB.willC.mayD.shall2.Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.You_havemycomputerifyoudonttakecareofit.A.shantB.mightnotC.needntD.shouldnt,.,22,3).shall用于条约，规定，规章等文件中，表示一种义务，多用于第三人称中。,“Theinterest_bedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides.”declaredthejudge.A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall,.,23,1.should=oughtto表示劝告，建议，意为“应该”，oughtto语气更强些，强调“有责任，有义务做”,A:Illstarttheworktomorrow.B:Ithinkyoushouldstarttoday.C:No,yououghttostartatonce.(语气更强）,should/oughtto的否定形式表示“不应该”Childrenshouldntsmoke.,.,24,HowsyourtouraroundtheNorthLake?Isitbeautiful?It_be,butitisnowheavilypolluted.（2007全国卷I）willB.wouldC.shouldD.mustWhattimeoughtI_?AarrivedBarrivingCarriveDtoarriveHe_speaktohismotherlikethat.AoughtnottoBdoesntoughttoCnotoughttoDoughttonot,.,25,2.should可表示说话人的感情如“惊奇”“愤怒”“失望”“不满”等.翻译为“竟然，居然”Idontbelievethatthelittlegirlshouldspeaktwodifferentlanguages!我不相信这个小女孩竟然能说两种不同的语言！,Icantbelievemyeyes.Suchwell-educatedgentleman_behavelikethis!wouldB.shouldC.canD.must,.,26,3.should表推测,意为“可能；该”,相当于beexpectedto。往往指具有一定的客观根据或根据推理对现在某事发生的“可能性”进行描述，语气上不如must强。Mr.Blackmustbehomebynow.Mr.Blackoughtto/shouldbehomebynow.,布莱克先生现在一定到家了。（肯定）,布莱克先生估计是到家了。（不能肯定）,.,27,2.WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.They_bereadyby12：00AcanBshouldCmightDneed,3.ItsnearlysevenoclockJack_behereatanymomentAmustBneedCshouldDcan,1.WillMr.Wangofferusahand?He_begladtoHeneverrefusedourrequestAcanBmustCmayDshould,.,28,1.will作情态动词用时在陈述句中可用各人称作主语,表示其“意志”“意愿”“决心”等.Iwillneverdothatagain.Iwillgiveupsmoking.,Dontforgettobringmynewbookstomorrowafternoon.No,I.A.dontB.cantC.wontD.couldnt,will和would的用法,.,29,2.will在疑问句中用第二人称作主语,表示说话人向对方提出请示或询问.不如would委婉Will/Wouldyoupassmethebook?Willhepayforme?Wouldyouliketocomewithus?,3.will有时表示一种习惯动作或状态或自然规律.(表示习惯,经常性,倾向性)惯于,总是(会),终归是。Boyswillbeboys.男孩终归是男孩。Matcheswillnotstrikeiftheyaredamp.火柴潮湿就擦不着。,.,30,Thedoor_open.这门经常打不开。,wont,would可用于各人称,表示过去时间的“意志”“愿望”和决心”.2.would表示说话人本身的“意志”或向对方提出“请求.,3.would还可以表示过去习惯发生的动作.,Heusedtotakeawalkneartheforestintheevening.,（现在可能散步也可能不散步了）,usedto表示过去常常发生的动作或存在的习惯，但现在已不复存在了。,Hewouldtakeawalkneartheforestintheevening.,（而现在不散步了）,.,31,Ronald_stayinhissmallgardenforalongtimeeverydayinthepast.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.would,.,32,1.作为情态动词用，常用在否定句和疑问句中。,Dare(need)+S+VS+darent(neednt)+V,Idarentwalkthroughtheforestatnight.Dareyouwalkthroughtheforestatnight?Youneedntreturnthebooknow.Needhedoitallatonce?,可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need、dare,dare,need的用法,.,33,2.作实义动词用，常用在肯定句中,有人称、时态、和数的变化,Heneedstogotherehimself.Hehasgrownup,wedontneedtoworryabouthim.,3.Sth(sb)need(want,require)+doing/tobedoneThehouseneedscleaning/tobecleanedTheboyneedssendingtothehospitalatonce.,.,34,.,35,1.Iwonderhowhe_thattotheteacher.A.daretosayB.daresayingC.notdaresayD.daredsay2.Iwonderhowshethedrunkensailortheotherday.A.darefightingoffB.daredfightoffC.daretofightoffD.daredfightingoff3.Thedoghibernate(冬眠)inwinter.A.dontneedB.doesntneedtoC.needsnottoD.needsnot,.,36,注意对need问句的回答:-NeedIfinishtheworktoday?-Yes,_.No,_.No,_.,youmust,youneednt,youdonthaveto,.,37,neednt对其它情态动词的回答:-ShallItellJohnaboutit?-No,you_.-Mustwedoitnow?-No,you_.,neednt(donthaveto),neednt(donthaveto),.,38,1.must+have+过去分词，表示现在对过去事物的推测。,情态动词+have+P.P.,Hemusthavetoldmyparentsaboutit.他一定把这件事情告诉我父母亲了。Itssixoclockalready,wemusthavebeenlateagain.已经六点钟了，我们一定又迟到了,.,39,2.cant/couldnt+have+P.P表示对过去某事的否定猜测Hecouldnthavebeentothattown.,3.may(might)+have+P.P,表示对过去事情的猜测,认为某事“可能”发生.(might比may更含蓄,或更不肯定.)Hemay(might)haveplayedelectricgameonTVthewholenight.(Forhelooksverysleepy.),.,40,could+have+P.Pa.表示本来能做得到,但事实上未做到can+have+P.Pb.表示对过去事情的推测(只用于疑问句)Hecouldhavefinishedthetaskontime,buttheheavysnowcame.Hedidntcomebacklastnight.Whatcouldhavehappenedtohim.,.,41,4.should/oughtto+have+P.P.过去本该做，而事实上却没有做，表“责备”或“惋惜”,shouldnot/oughtnotto+have+P.P.过去本不该做，而事实上却做了，表“责备”或“惋惜”,Theplantisdead.Ishouldhavegivenitmorewater.Youshouldnothaveleftyourbabyaloneinthehouse.,.,42,5.neednt+have+P.P.表示本来不必做，但做了.Sheneednothaveattendthemeetingyesterday,butshedid.(她昨天本不必参加会议，可她参加了.),.,43,1.Theriverisrising.It_lastnight.mustberainingB.mustrainC.mighthaverainedD.musthaverained2.Ididnthearthephone.I_asleepA.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen,.,44,3.-WedidntseeTomatthemeetingyesterday.-Heit.A.mustnthaveattendedB.cannothaveattendedC.neednthaveattendedD.wouldhavenotattended,.,45,4.-Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.-It_acomfortablejourneyA.cantbeB.shouldntbeC.mustnthavebeenD.couldnthavebeen,.,46,5.Youyesterdayifyouwerereallyseriousaboutyourwork.A.oughttocomeB.oughttobecomingC.oughttohavecomeD.oughthavecome6.You_alltheseparcelsyourself.Theshopwouldhavedeliveredthemifyouhadaskedashopassistant.A.didntneedtocarryB.neednthavecarriedC.needntcarryD.didntneedcarry,.,47,7.Mr.White_at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidntshowup.A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarriveC.shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving,8.IlltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.You_herlastweek.A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetold,.,48,Practice,.,49,1.Helen_goonthetripwithus,butsheisntquitesureyet.A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can2.-Ivetakensomeoneelsesgreensweaterbymistake.-It_Harrys.Healwayswearsgreen.hastobeB.willbeC.mustntbeD.couldbe3.Youmightjustaswelltellthemanufacturerthatmalecustomers_notlikethedesignofthefurniture.A.mustB.shallC.mayD.need,.,50,4.Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountry_beunderadultsupervisionwheninapubliclibrary.A.mustB.mayC.canD.need5.Theinterest_bedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides,declaredthejudge.A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall6.I_payTomavisit,butImnotsurewhetherIwillhavetimethisSunday.A.shouldB.mightC.wouldD.could,.,51,7.-IdontmindtellingyouwhatIknow.-You_.Imnotaskingyouforit.A.mustntB.maynotC.cantD.neednt8.-Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.-You_havemycomputerifyoudonttakecareofit.A.shantB.mightnotC.needntD.shouldnt9.-Excuseme.IsthattherightwaytotheSummerPalace?-Sorry,Imnotsure,butit_be.A.mightB.willC.mustD.can,.,52,10.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkI_reportittothepolice?A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can11.You_betired-youveonlybeenworkingforanhour.A.mustnotB.wontC.cantD.maynot12.-Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?-Well,ifyou_know,hernameisMabel.A.mayB.canC.mustD.shall,.,53,13.There_beanydifficultyinpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepractisedalotinthedrivingschool.A.mustntB.shantC.shouldntD.neednt14.-Lucydoesntmindlendingyouherdictionary.-She_.Ivealreadyborrowedone.A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.shouldnt,.,54,15.He_havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldntbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.A.shouldB.mustC.wouldntD.cant16.I_havebeenmorethansixyearsoldwhentheaccidenthappened.A.shouldntB.couldntC.mustntD.neednt17.Thiscakeisverysweet.You_alotofsugarinit.A.shouldputB.couldhaveputC.mightputD.musthaveput,.,55,18.Hepaidforaseat,whenhe_haveenteredfree.A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need19.Iwasonthehighwaywhenhiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.They_atleast150kilometersanhour.shouldhavebeendoingB.musthavebeenC.couldhavedoneD.wouldhavedone20.-Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisheabsenttoday?-Something_tohim.A.musthappenB.shouldhavehappenedC.couldhavehappenedD.musthavehappened,.,56,21.-DoyouknowwhereDavidis?Icouldntfindhimanywhere.-Well.He_havegonefar-hiscoatisstillhere.A.shouldntB.mustntC.cantD.wouldnt22.-Catherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.-Thanks.You_it.Icouldmanageitmyself.A.needntdoB.neednthavedoneC.mustntdoD.shouldnthavedone,.,57,23.-ThewomanbiologiststayedinAfricastudyingwildanimalsfor13yearsbeforeshereturned.-Oh,dear!She_alotofdifficulties!A.maygothoughB.mightgothroughC.oughttohavegonethroughD.musthavegonethough24.-IlltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.-You_herlastweek.A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetold,.,58,用于虚拟语气的情态动词:,shouldmightcouldwouldneedntoughtto,情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法,.,59,.,60,should用在suggest,propose,advise，order，demand，request，desire，insist等表示“建议”、“要求”、“命令”、“决定”、“主张”等动词后面接的宾语从句中。这里的should也可以省略。Hesuggested/proposed/demanded/advisedthatthey（should）readtherulescarefully.他建议/提议/要求/劝告他们要仔细阅读这些规则。,.,61,should用在“Itisdesired/suggested/requested/ordered/proposed/decided”之后由that引导的主语从句中，should也可以省略。,ItisrequestedthatMissYang（should）giveaperformanceattheparty.人们要求杨小姐在聚会上表演一个节目。,.,62,should用在suggestion，motion，proposal，order，plan，idea，advice，request，decision，等名词后面接的表语从句或同位语从句中，should也可以省略。Weallagreedtohissuggestion（proposal）thatwe（should）gotoNanjingforavisit.我们都同意他提出的要我们到南京去游览的建议。（should用于同位语从句中）,.,63,should用在“Itis/wasnecessary/important/strange/incredible”或“Itisapity/ashame/nowonder”之后由that引导的主语从句中，should有“应该”、“必须”、“竟然”、“居然”之意。,Itisnecessarythathe（should）besentthereatonce.有必要马上派他到那里去。,.,64,Butfor和without引出虚拟语气1.Withoutelectricityhumanlife_quitedifferenttoday.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe,2.Butforyourhelp,we_thetaskontime.donotfinishB.willnotfinishC.wouldnothavefinishedD.wouldnotfinish,.,65,情态动词短语的使用:wouldliketodowouldratherdowouldrather+从句wouldprefertodo.hadbetterdo.,情态动词特殊短语用法,.,66,can和could的一些固定搭配1.cant/couldnthelpdoing忍不住；不禁Hecanthelplaughing.2.cant/couldntbut+动词原形只好；不得不IcouldntbutadmitthathewasrightandIwaswrong.我不得不承认他对了，我错了。3.cannot/couldnttoo+副词/形容词;cannot/couldnt+副词/形容词+enough无论也不过分；越越好Youcantbetoocarefulwhencrossingthestreet.Icannotthankyouenough.我对你感激不尽。,.,67,may和might的某些固定搭配maywell+动词原形理应；有足够的理由Wemaywellsaysheisagoodteacher.我们大可