高考介词详细讲解(含练习)PPT课件

介词,一.表示时间介词,三.表示方位介词,二.表示地点介词,四.表示方法、手段,五.常见介词的搭配,1,.,介词的主要分类：,1.atthecinema,inthehospital_2.Writewithapen,gobybus_3.insummer,onSeptember1st_4.bytheway,atlast,intheend_,地点介词,方式介词,时间介词,固定搭配,2,.,时间介词,3,.,一.时间介词,1.,注意：atnoon在中午atnight在夜间inthemorning在早上onthemorningofJuly1st在七月一日的早上onarainyday在雨天,4,.,1.atsixoclock,atnoon,atthattime,athalfpastthree,atmid-night_2.onSunday,onNewYearsDay,onMarch21st,onmybirthday_3.inthreedays,inaweek,inamonth,inMay,inaseason,in1998,inacentury_4.inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening_5.atnight=_heday=inthe_,表示点钟或具体一点时间用at,表示在某一天用on,表示大于一天的时间用in,在早上/下午/傍晚用in,in,the,day-time,5,.,1.MaryisflyingtoFrancesoon.ShewillarriveinParis_themorningofJuly9.A.onB.inC.at2.Thetwinswereborn_aFridayevening.A.inB.onC.at3.WetravelledovernighttoParisandarrived_5oclock_themorning.A.on,inB.at,inC.at,in4.Wefinishourlessons_11:30andthenhavearest_noon.A.in,inB.at,atC.in,at,6,.,2.in+时间段在之后（内），多用于将来时after+时间段在之后，多用于过去时1.MrBrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback_twoweeks.A.forB.afterC.in2.Ourmanagercameback_anhour.A.inB.afterC.at3.Theyhavebeenhere_anhour.A.forB.afterC.in,7,.,3.for+时段since+时段+agosince+时间点since+一般过去时句子,常用于现在完成时,1.Hecamehere_1992,andhehaslivedhere_1992.A.in,forB.in,sinceC.since,since2.IhaveknownLiLei_overfiveyears.A.inB.sinceC.for,8,.,3.Ithasbeenthreeyearssincehe_here.A.comeB.cameC.comes4.Theoldmanhasbeenaway_twoyearsago.A.inB.sinceC.for,9,.,4.before在之前by到时为止,不迟于1.Hewontcomeback_five.A.beforeB.afterC.by2.Theworkmustbefinished_Friday.A.atB.byC.after3.Wehadthreemeetings_lastFriday.A.inB.beforeC.by,10,.,地点介词,11,.,二.地点介词,1.on在的上面,与表面接触over在的正上方,不接触表面under在下面(是on,over的反义词)1.Look!Thereisabridge_theriver.A.onB.overC.above2.Canyouseetheegg_theplate?A.onB.inC.over3.Thelight_usisverybright.A.overB.underC.on,12,.,2.above在上方below在下方,是above的反义词1.Thetemperaturewillfall_zeroatnight.A.belowB.aboveC.over2.Suddenlythereisaloudvoice_thetree.A.belowB.aboveC.on3.Thereisaclockonthewall.Its_theblackboard.A.onB.inC.above,13,.,4.Aroadis_ourcityandthereismuchtraffic_it.A.on,overB.above,onC.over,on5.Thesunrose_thehorizon(地平线).A.onB.aboveC.over注意:on接触平面over在平面的正上方above在上方,14,.,3.in+大地方at+小地方on+门牌，某层楼1.Myunclelive_F12_thefifthfloor.A.at,onB.in,onC.on,at2.Theyarrived_Beijingat12:00andwaitedforabus_thestationtothehotel.A.at,inB.in,onC.in,at,15,.,表示小地方用at,表示大地方用in,表示不同地方用具体不同的介词,1.atthevillage,athome,atthecornerofthestreet._,2.inShanghai,inthecountry,inAsia,intheworld,inspace_,3.inthebox,onthechair,underthedesk,nexttoKate,ontherightofLucy,infrontofthehouse,behindthedoor_,16,.,填上正确的地方介词：,1.在广州_Guangzhou2.在电影院_thecinema3.在湖边_thelake4.在海里_thesea5.树上的苹果apples_thetree6.书上的小鸟birds_thetree7.在天空上_thesky8.在教室外_theclassroom9.在农场上_thefarm10.在街道上_thestreet,in,at,by,in,on,in,in,outside,on,in,17,.,方位介词,18,.,三.方位介词,1.in在某范围之内to在某范围之外on与某地相邻、接壤Shanghailies_theeastofChina.()Japanlies_theeastofChina.()Hubeilies_thenorthofHunan.(),in,on,在中国内部,在中国外部，隔海相望,两地接壤,19,.,1.Chinalies_theeastofAsiaand_thenorthofAustralia.A.in,onB.in,toC.to,in2.Mongoliais_thenorthofChina.A.inB.onC.to,20,.,2.,1.Weare_TeamOne.Isit_thefrontoftheclassroom.LiPingis_myleft.A.on,in,atB.in,in,atC.in,at,on2.Ihaveagoodseat.Isit_thebus.A.inthefrontofB.infrontof3.Theteacherisstanding_ourclassandgiveatalk.A.inthefrontofB.infrontof,21,.,3.to表目的地或去的目的for动身去某地2.Wilyoutakeatrain_Tianjian.A.toB.forC.at3.Imleaving_Beijingnextweek.A.toB.forC.towards,22,.,4.cross表面穿过through中间穿过1.Thesunshinecomeintotheroom_thewindow.A.acrossB.throughC.past2.Youcango_theroadhere.A.acrossB.throughC.past3.Canyouswim_theriver.A.acrossB.throughC.past,23,.,方式介词,24,.,二.方式介词,1.writewithapen,cutwithaknife,lockwithakey_,使用工具用介词with,2.seewithoureyes,dowithourhands,smellwithournoses,eatwithourmouths_,使用器官用介词with,25,.,3.inEnglish,inFrench,inyourownwords,inthreelanguages_4.inaloudvoice,inalowvoice_5.inthisway,intheseways,bythismeans_,使用语言用介词in,使用声音用介词in,使用方法用介词in或by,26,.,6.bybike,bybus,bytrain,byplane,byship,bycar(onfoot)byland陆路，byroad陆路bysea水路，byair空运_,使用交通工具用by,但：onthebike,onabus,onatrain,ontheplane,ontheship,inthecar,27,.,四.表方式、方法、手段,1.in用材料、语言2.with用工具、某物3.by用方式、方法、手段1.Mymotheroftengotowork_bike.A.inB.onC.by2.Ifyouareabletogettheticketstomorrow,pleasetellme_phone.A.throughB.byC.on,28,.,3.Theteacheriswritingonthepaper_redinkandtheblackboard_apieceofchalk.A.with,withB.in,withC.with,in4.Canyousayit_English?A.inB.withC.by5.Youcangetsomeinformation_thecomputer.A.inB.onC.by,29,.,五.其它介词,1.between在两者之间among在当中（三者或以上）during在期间1.Somesupermarketsopen_8:30and8:00p.m._theMid-AutumnDay.A.at,duringB.between,duringC.between,in2.Theylived_themountainsinthepast.A.amongB.betweenC.during3.Dontsit_thetwogirls.A.amongB.betweenC.during,30,.,on/over/aboveThereisaboatonthedesk（在某物面上，与此物接触）Thereisabridgeovertheriver.（在某物正上方，与此物不接触，或横在某物上，或覆盖在某物上。）Shespreadaclothoverthetable.Heheldhisheadsabovehishead.（“在上”，强调“高于。”）,31,.,2.except除之外，不包括besides除之外，还包括1.Everyonepassedtheexam_Tom.A.besidesB.exceptC.for2._MrLi,fiveteacherswenttothemeeting.A.BesidesB.ExceptC.Beside,32,.,in与withinin过.时间之后within在.时间之内MyfatherhasgonetoBeijing,andhewillbebackinaweek.MyfatherhasgonetoBeijing,andhewillbebackwithinaweek.,33,.,介词短语,1.动词+介词approveofappealto2.动词+副词+介词catchupwith,getdownto3.动词+名词+介词takeadvantageof4.be+形容词+介词befamiliarwith/to5.介词+名词indetailatwar,34,.,在岁时_theageof有时_times开始,在起初_thebeginningof此刻_themoment=now在结尾,在尽头_theendof例如_example匆忙地_ahurry到的时候_thetime从到_在户外,在野外_theopenair,at,at,at,at,at,for,in,by,from,to,in,35,.,相邻，靠近next_将来_thefuture由于,幸亏thanks_过了一会儿_awhile在地球上_theearth遍及all_下课/放学/下班后_class/school/work展出_show值日_duty独立,单独all_oneself令(某人)惊讶_onessurprise在圣诞节_ChristmasDay,to,in,to,after,on,after,on,on,by,to,over,on,36,.,(3)固定搭配:,到达arrive_/_aplace找出find_与-相处geton_害怕beafraid_sth.放弃give_对-愤怒beangry_sb.上交hand_忙于做某事bebusy_sth.为-做准备beready_装满befull_对-有好处begood_对-感兴趣beinterested_,in,at,with,up,in,for,for,out,of,with,with,of,in,37,.,Rememberandtranslate:,hearfromringupholdonturnuphurryupstopsb.fromdoingsth.knockattakedown/out/offlaughattakepartinlistentothinkaboutlookafter/at/for/up/outtryontakecareofturnon/offmakefriendswithwaitforpayforwakeupputon/upwritedownputsth.downworryabout,38,.,常见的介词搭配Itsveryniceofyoutohelpme.Itsverygoodforyoutodoexercise.theanswer(key)tothequestion(lock)befamousforbefamousasbemadeofbemadefromontimeintime,39,.,1.Mostofthistimewasspentatschool,doingpilesofhomeworktohelpthemprepare_theuniversityentranceexams.2.IamgoingtofinishmystudiesinEnglandsoon,andIwillleave_Chinanextmonth.3.Hewasverytired_doingthisforawholeday,buthefeltveryhappysincethecropdidhigher.4.IdidntwanttobelaughedatfortalkingtohimbutIdidntlikeleavinghim_hisowneither.5.Andanyonewhotookadvantageofthatsituationwouldbeshowingalackofrespect_thesweatandstruggleofthemanwhoworkedveryhardtoproduceit.,for,for,after/from,on,for,40,.,短文改错,在短文改错中，主要考查介词的多用、误用、漏用以及介词后接动词原形而不是动名词。,41,.,1.Villagerstherecantakewhatevertheywantandleavetheirownbooksforexchange