语法填空解题技巧 (公开课 转载).ppt

语法填空解题技巧,Learningaims:MastertheskillsofGrammaticalFilling（语法填空）.2.Learnhowtodealwiththistypeofexerciseskillfully.,3-4空（有提示词）,动词：,词性转换?谓语动词?非谓语动词?,时态语态主谓一致（人称和数）,-ing-edtodo,主动；正在/同时进行被动/状态；完成主动；目的/将来,单数？,形容词/副词:,名词：,词性转换?,比较级?,最高级?,复数？,6-7空（无提示词）,连词：,and，but，or,引导词,（从句）:,连接性副词:,however，therefore,介词:,in，on，to，for,冠词:,a,an,the,TestPoints考点,who,that,what,词性转换?,代词:,语法填空题-空格设置Q1.Whatareusuallytested?,反义词?,人称代词、物主代词、反身代词,语法填空题-能力要求Fourskillsneeded:1.Theabilitytounderstandthewholepassage;2.Theabilitytoanalyze(分析）sentences,especiallythoselongandcomplicated（复杂的）ones;3.Befamiliarwith(熟悉）thebasicgrammarrules;4.Theabilitytospellthewordscorrectly.（包括大、小写）,语法填空题-解题步骤Q2.Howdoyouusuallydealwiththistypeofexercise?1.整体把握Lookthroughthewholepassagetogetageneral/mainidea，thepurposeofwritingandthegeneraltense(时态).2.分析理解Analyze(分析）thestructureofsentences,especiallythoselongandcomplicated（复杂的）ones.3.由易到难Dealwiththesimpleonesfirst,suchasthosefixedpatternsortheonesgivingcertainwords.Whencomingacrossdifficultones,justleavetilltheend.Thendealwiththeblanksyoumissedjustnow.4.通篇重读Readthewholepassageagainandcheckedwhatyouhavefilledintheblanks.,Ihadbeentryingtohelpayounggirlwhobeggedonthestreet.Afewdaysagoshesharedsomegoodnews_1_me.She_2_(offer)ajobinanothertownwhichisabout150kmaway.Shewouldmovethereafteraweekorso._3_(realize）thatmovingandstartinganewjobwouldrequireseveralthingsshecouldntafford,Ipickedupa$50billandgave_4_toheralongwithtensmilecards.Iexplainedthatthesewereactuallytwogifts._5_$50billwasonegiftandthesmilecardswereagiftforhertoexpressherthankstoall_6_hadhelpedher.ButIexplainedthatthe_7_(good)giftofallwouldbethejoy_8_wouldfindwhenusingthosecards.Hersmileandthesincere_9_(express)ofgratitudeonherfacewereallthethanksIneeded.Iwillprobablyneverseeheragain._10_thewarmthIfeelfromknowingshenowhastheopportunitytostartanewlifemakesitallworthwhile.,Step1:Lookthroughthewholepassagetogetageneral/mainidea，thepurposeofwritingandthegeneraltense(时态).,Mainidea:Theauthorhadbeentryingtohelpayounggirlwhobeggedonthestreet.Afterknowingshegotajobinanothertown,theauthorgavehera$50billandtensmilecards.作者一直在帮助一名乞讨的女孩。得知她在另外的一个镇找到工作后，作者送给她50美元和10张微笑卡。Thepurposeofwriting:Thegeneraltense:,Characters(人物）Event（事件）,I(theauthor),ayounggirlwhobeggedonthestreet,Whathappenedtothem?,过去的某种时态,Weshouldbewillingto(bereadyto)helpothers.,Step2Analyzethestructureofsentences,Afewdaysagoshesharedsomegoodnews_1_me.,技巧1：翻译提示法翻译：_联想：固定搭配“与某人分享某物”_考查范围：_技巧2：空格设置：_可能考查范围：_判断句型：_(简单句？复合句?）,前几天，她_我分享了好消息。,sharesthwithsb,介词,无提示词,连词、引导词、连接性副词、介词、冠词、代词,简单句,思考：？+代词（宾格）,V谓,with,She_2_(offer)ajobinanothertownwhichisabout150kmaway.,技巧1：空格设置：_所给词的词性：_判断句型：_(简单句？复合句?）,词性转换？,V谓,V非,引导词,定从,所作成分：_,先行词_,(人？物）,V从谓,V主谓,主语,anothertown,时态？_语态？_主谓一致(人称/数）?_,有提示词,动词,复合句,一般过去时,被动,单数,was/were+v-ed,_,物,wasoffered,结构简化法：去掉插入语、修饰语、附加结构、某些从句等，将原本比较复杂的句子简化，有助于我们看清句子的结构。,_3_(realize）thatmovingandstartinganewjobwouldrequireseveralthingsshecouldntafford,Ipickedupa$50billandgave_4_toheralongwithtensmilecards.,技巧1：空格设置：_所给词的词性：_,有提示词,动词,S1,V1,V2,S2,that/which,S,V,V,V非谓,词性转换？,V谓,V非谓,-ing-edtodo,主动；正在/同时进行被动/状态；完成主动；目的/将来,找逻辑主语,I,-ing作_成分=_,原因状语,BecauseIrealizedthat,Realizing,_3_(realize）thatmovingandstartinganewjobwouldrequireseveralthingsshecouldntafford,Ipickedupa$50billandgave_4_toheralongwithtensmilecards.,S1,V1,V2,S2,that/which,S,V,V,V非谓,技巧1：翻译提示法翻译：_联想：固定搭配“给某人某物”_考查范围：_技巧2.空格设置：_可能考查范围：_所填词在句中作何成分？_,连词、引导词、连接性副词、介词、冠词、代词,无提示词,宾语,我拿出一张50美元的钞票，然后把_和10张微笑卡给了她。,givesth.tosb.,=givesb.sth,代词,一张50美元的钞票,代替人？物？单数？复数？,宾格,it,Iexplainedthatthesewereactuallytwogifts._5_$50billwasonegiftandthesmilecardswereagiftforhertoexpressherthankstoall_6_hadhelpedher.,技巧空格设置：_可能考查范围：_判断句型：_(简单句？复合句?并列句？）,无提示词,连词、引导词、连接性副词、介词、冠词、代词,并列句,结构对比法（并列句）：某些句子结构的前后部分往往包含完全相同或者平衡的语法结构,我们可以通过对比前后结构的类比辨析来确定正确的答案。,这里提到的$50bill特指上文提到的那张$50钞票（第二次提到）,The,Iexplainedthatthesewereactuallytwogifts._5_$50billwasonegiftandthesmilecardswereagiftforhertoexpressherthankstoall_6_hadhelpedher.,技巧空格设置：_可能考查范围：_判断句型：_(简单句？复合句?并列句？）所填词在句中作何成分？_考查范围：_,无提示词,连词、引导词、连接性副词、介词、冠词、代词,复合句,主语,all：所有的人,定语从句的引导词,主语,先行词：all,指人,关系代词,V谓,V谓,expressonesthankstosb.向某人表达谢意,who/that,ButIexplainedthatthe_7_(good)giftofallwouldbethejoy_8_wouldfindwhenusingthosecards.,技巧：空格设置：_所给词的词性：_可能考查的范围：_the+?+gift.+ofall判断句型：_(简单句？复合句?并列句？）,有提示词,形容词,复合句,词性转换、形容的比较级或最高级、反义词,所有礼物中好的礼物,best,good,better,bestbad,worse,worst,S,V,S1,V1,ButIexplainedthatthe_7_(good)giftofallwouldbethejoy_8_wouldfindwhenusingthosecards.,技巧空格设置：_可能考查范围：_判断句型：_(简单句？复合句?并列句？）所填词在句中作何成分？_考查范围：_,无提示词,连词、引导词、连接性副词、介词、冠词、代词,复合句,主语,代词,that/which,先行词joy后连接了一个定语从句，这个从句中的主语就是文章的主人公theyounggirl。所以用she指代女孩，在从句中作主语。,best,V谓语,V谓语,she,Hersmileandthesincere_9_(express)ofgratitudeonherfacewereallthethanksIneeded.,技巧1：空格设置：_所给词的词性：_可能考查的范围：_,有提示词,词性转换？,动词,V谓？,V非？,the+adj.+n.+of,技巧2：结构对比法：所填词与名词smile并列作主语，所以也用名词形式,expression,Iwillprobablyneverseeheragain._10_thewarmthIfeelfromknowingshenowhastheopportunitytostartanewlifemakesitallworthwhile.,技巧空格设置：_可能考查范围：_,无提示词,连词、引导词、连接性副词、介词、冠词、代词,根据语境，前后两个句子Iwillprobablyneverseeheragain与thewarmthIfeelfromknowingshenowhastheopportunitytostartanewlifemakesitallworthwhile之间呈_关系,转折,But,trytodosth._trydoingsth._managetodosth._beg_与某人分享某物offersb.sth._orso_require_afford_pickup_bill_给某人某物alongwith_explain_actually_expressonesthankstosb._joy_sincere_express_gratitude_warmth_opportunity_worthwhile_,尽力做某事,尝试做某事,succeedindoingsth.,恳求；乞讨,sharesth.withsb.,给某人提供某物,offersth.tosb.,Usefulwordsandexpressions英汉互译,设法做成某事,需要,about,大约,买得起,捡起,拿起,钞票,givesth.tosb.,givesb.sth.,连同/随同一起,解释；说明,事实上；实际上,向某人表达谢意,欢乐；喜悦,真诚的；诚挚的,表达,感激；感谢（的心情）,温暖；热情；激动,机会,值得的,Sincewehavelearnedsomuchaboutthistypeofexercisetoday，doyouknowtodoitandthemoreimportant，howtoimproveit？,Waystoimprove：1.Focusonmaingrammarpointswhilereading“聚焦”语言点阅读过程中，将注意力放到语言点上，对不理解的语法、句型进行必要的分析。2.Masterbasicgrammarknowledge掌握基础语法知识Themoredifficult，thebetter？要牢牢掌握最常用的语法要点，达到运用自如。3.Wordsandphrases单词、短语的积累对于单词，不仅要背诵其意义和拼写，还要掌握基本的词形变化及用法。,Homework：1.Reviewwhatwehavelearnedtoday.2.Dotheexerciseofgrammaticalfillingbelow.,2014年广东高考英语试题Lastyear,mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid_16_wasawonderfulholidaydestination.Beforewewent,wehadplannedformonths.Whenthedaycame,wewereready.Afterourplanelanded,wewenttothehotel.Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths_17_(early),butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.We_18_（tell）thatourroomshadntbeenreservedforthatweek,_19_fortheweekafter.Ididntunderstand_20_thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeencharged_21_thereservation.Whatsworse,thehotelhadbeenfullybooked.Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo,themanagercameout.Shewas_22_（surprise）helpful.SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomon_23_topfloor.Wehadneverstayedinsuchanamazingroom,andwewerentchargedextra.Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeach_24_we