八年级下册英语Unit2课件(全).ppt

Illhelpcleanupthecityparks,Unit2,SectionA,Warmingup,Doyouoftenhelpothers?,Whatotherwayswecouldhelppeople?,helpstophunger,Theyarehungryandhomeless.,Therearemanyotherwaysyoucouldhelppeople.,helpcleanupthecityparks,cheeruptheoldpeople,giveout(分发,派发)foodatthefoodbank,IfIhadlotsofmoney,Iwould,setupaHopeSchool,helppoorkids,建立、建造=establish,volunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogram,Idliketoworkoutside.,Ihopeto_outside.Youcouldhelptoclean_thecityparks.Idliketo_homelesspeople.Youcouldgive_foodatthefoodbanktohelpfeedthem.Iwanttocheer_sickkids.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyou_thekids.Idliketohelpkids_theirschoolwork.Youcould_inanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids.,work,up,help,out,up,visit,with,volunteer,Listenandcompletethesentences.,pairwork,Practicetheconversationinthepictureabove.Thenhavesimilarconversationsusingtheinformationin1b.,A:Idliketoworkoutside.B:Youcouldhelpcleanupthecityparks.,Whatotherwayswecouldhelppeople?Justthinkandfillintheblanksaccordingtothefollowingpictures.,Picture1frankmana,Youcouldhelptheoldpeoplecleanuptheirhouses.,Youcouldhelpthepassengerswiththeirluggage.,Picture2frankmana,Youcouldhelpthepassengerswiththeirluggage.,Picture3frankmana,Youcouldhelptheoldpeoplecrossthestreet.,Picture4frankmana,Youcouldhelpplanttreesandgrasstobeautifyyourhometown.,Picture5frankmana,Youcouldhelpthepolicecatchthethieves.,Youcouldgivethemoneytothecharityandhelpthepoorpeople.,Otherwayswecouldhelppeople_,Youcouldhelpplanttreesandgrasstobeautifyyourhometown.,Youcouldhelpthepassengerswiththeirluggage.,Youcouldhelptheoldpeoplecrossthestreet.,Youcouldhelpthepolicecatchthethieves.,Youcouldhelptheoldpeoplecleanuptheirhouses.,Youcouldgivethemoneytothecharityandhelpthepoorpeople.,2blistenagain.Fillintheblanks.,Weneedto_aplantotellpeopleaboutthecityparkclean-up.Clean-UpDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.Wecant_makingaplan.Wecould_signs.Letsmakesomenotices,too.ThenIll_them_afterschool.Wecouldeach_tenpeopleandaskthemtocome.,comeupwith,put,putup,hand,callup,off,out,LeiFengDayistwoweeksfromnow.Weneedtocomeupwithaplan.Whatwouldyouliketodo?Talkwithyourpartnerandcomeupwithaplan.,A:WeneedtocomeupwithaplanfortheCityParkClean-UpDay.B:Letshavelunchfirst.A:No,weneedtostartnow.Clean-UpDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.B:.,2c,(1)helponeselftosth.随便吃食物等。Helpyourselvestoapples,boys.（2）withthehelpof=withoneshelp在的帮助下。Withthehelpoftheteachers,Igetgoodgradesinallsubjects.,1helpsb.out“帮助某人解决难题”。Icantworkoutthismathproblem.Pleasehelpmeout.,(1)helpsb.withsth.=helpsb.do/todosth在某事上帮助某人。IhelphimwithhisEnglisheveryday.,Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是什么样子的。usedtobe/do曾经。Sheusedtoliveinthatcitybefore.usedtobe/do过去常做某事，现在不那样了Didyouusetosingwhenyoudohousework?,SectionA,StudentsWhoVolunteerMarioGreenandMaryBrownfromRiversideHighSchoolgiveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.Mariolovesanimalsandwantstobeananimaldoctor.HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.,Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.“Itshardwork,”hesays,“butIwanttolearnmoreabouthowtocareforanimals.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirownersfaces.”,IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowners，faces.”句意：当我看到动物们（病情）渐好，看到它们主人脸上的喜悦表情时，我产生出那么一种极强的满足感来。,此句中get的两次用法意义各不相同。第一个get的意思是“产生；形成”，为及物动词，常与feeling(感觉；情感），idea(想法；主意）等词搭配使用。例如：Doyougetthefeelingthatwerenotwelcomehere?你有这里不欢迎我们的感觉吗？Howdidyougetsuchanidea?你怎么会产生这样一个想法？第二个get是系动词，后接形容词，表示体质、情绪、天气等方面的改变，通常译作“变得；变为”。例如：,Maryisabooklover.Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.Lastyear,shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Shestillworksthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.,2.Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.她在四岁时就能够独自看书。此句中“by+反身代词”表示“独自地；独立地”，常与动词或动词短语连用，作句子的方式状语。再如：Childrenshouldlearntodothingsbythemselves.孩子们应当学习独立做事。,“Thekidsaresittingin”thelibrary,butyoucanseeintheireyesthattheyregoingonadifferentjourneywitheachnewbook.Volunteeringhereisadreamcometrueforme.IcandowhatIlovetodoandhelpothersatthesametime.,3.Volunteeringhereisadreamcometrueforme.在这里当志愿者对我来说是梦想成真。此句中adreamcometrue表示“梦想成为现实；梦想成真”，是一种固定结构。再如：IgotthelatestCDplayerasabirthdaypresentyesterday.Itwasjustadreamcometrue!昨天我收到了一份生日礼物，是那种最新的CD播放机，真是梦想成真了！,IvealwayswantedtovisitNewYork,sogoingthereonvacationnextmonthwillbeadreamcometrueforme.我一直都想去纽约，所以下个月到那儿度假对我来说将是梦想成真。,3IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirownersfaces.当我看到动物们（病情）渐好，看到主人脸上的喜悦表情时，我产生出那么一种极强的满足感来.Howdidyougetsuchanidea?产生Hegotangrywithmeafterthat.变得,4Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.Icouldcookby独自地myself(whenIwasten)attheageoften在。岁在时候.,5Volunteeringhereisadreamcometrueforme.在这里当志愿者对我来说是梦想成真。IgotthelatestCDplayerasabirthdaypresentyesterday.Itwasjustadreamcometrue!昨天我收到了最新的CD播放器作为一份生日礼物，真是梦想成真了。,SectionB,ExplanationforSectionB,1.runoutof=useup“用完”、“卖光”。句子的主语是人或使用的物。注意不能用于被动语态。Iamrunningoutofmymoney.=Mymoneyisrunningoutof.Wearerunningoutofthegas.=Ourcarisrunningoutofthegas.,2.Itakeaftermymother.takeafterlooklike,besimilarto3.Ifixeditup.fixup=repair(修理）；fasten(安装）4.giveaway赠送5.callup=ringup;givesb.aring.;phonesb.6.handout(散发）;handin(上缴）；handaround/round(传递）handon(依次传递）,7.workout(结果、结果是）Theideaworksoutwell.那个注意的实施结果很好。另外还有“解答出、计算出”的意思。Canyouworkouttheanswertothisquestion?Seeifyoucanworkoutthisbill.,PAIRWORK,A:Whatdoyoudo,Jimmy?B:Ifixupbikesandgivethemaway.,1e,Reading,DearMissLi,IdliketothankyouforgivingmoneytoAnimalHelpers.Imsureyouknowthatthisgroupwassetuptohelpdisabledpeoplelikeme.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.Luckymakesabigdifferencetomylife.Letmetellyoumystory.,4.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.有了你的帮助，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”（狗名）。此句中makeitpossibleforsomeonetodosomething是一种固定结构，表示“使得某人有可能做某事”。在这个句型中，it仅是一个形式上的宾语，真正的宾语是todosomething,又如：,2makeitpossibleforsb.todosth.“使得某人有可能”Yourhelpmakesitpossibleforhimtosucceed.,（1）make宾语名词，“使”。Wemadehimmonitor.,（2）make宾语形容词，“使”Hiswordsmademehappy.,（3）make宾语动词原形，“让做”Hemademeworktenhoursaday.,又如：Mr.GreenmakesitpossibleforustolearnEnglisheasilyandinaninterestingwayinhisclass.格林先生使我们能够在他的课堂上通过有趣的方式轻松地学习英语。Computertechnologymakesitpossibleformanypeopletoworkathome.电脑技术使得许多人在家便可办公。,Icantusemyarmsorlegswell,sonormalthingslikeansweringthetelephone,openingandclosingdoors,orcarryingthingsaredifficultforme.Thenonedaylastyear,afriendofminehelpedmeout.ShetalkedtoAnimalHelpersaboutgettingmeaspecialtraineddog.Shealsothoughtadogmightcheermeup.IloveanimalsandIwasexcitedabouttheideaofhavingadog.,5.ShetalkedtoAnimalHelpersaboutgettingmeaspecialtraineddog.她与“动物帮手”组织联系，试图给我找一只经过特殊训练的狗。此处AnimalHelpers大写首字母，为专有名词，指“动物帮手”这一组织。若小写，ananimalhelper则可指一只给人提供某种帮助的动物。,例如：Inmylife,Iseedifferentanimalsusedasanimalhelpers.Wehave,forexample,doghelpers,monkeyhelpers,elephanthelpersandsoon.在我一生中，见到过不同的动物用作动物帮手。例如，我们有狗狗帮手、猴子帮手、大象帮手等等。,AftersixmonthsoftrainingwithadogatAnimalHelpers,Iwasabletobringhimhome.MydogsnameisLuckyagoodnameforhimbecauseIfeelveryluckytohavehim.Yousee,Imonlyabletohavea“doghelper”becauseofyourkindness!,LuckyisverycleverandunderstandsmanyEnglishwords.HecanunderstandmewhenIgivehimorders.Forexample,Isay,“Lucky!Getmybook，andhedoesitatonce.Luckyisafantasticdog.Illsendyouaphotoofhimifyoulike,andIcouldshowyouhowhehelpsme.Thankyouagainforchangingmylife.Bestwishes,BenSmith,Whatwoulditbeliketobeblindordeaf?Orimagineyoucantwalkoruseyourhandseasily.Mostpeoplewouldneverthinkaboutthis,butmanypeoplehavethesedifficulties.,动词短语,Phrasalverb,1.定义:动词之后加介词或副词构成短语,表达一种特定的含义;如果被拆开则不能表达这种特定的含义.,2.分类:及物的短语动词必须接宾语,不及物的短语动词则不需接宾语.,Grammar,1.及物短语动词所带宾语的位置:名词作宾语时,对于“动词+副词”的短语、名词既可以放在短语动词之后,也可以放在短语动词中间.对于“动词+介词”的短语,名词放在介词之后.,(2)代词作宾语时,对于“动词+副词”的短语,代词放在短语动词的中间,对于“动词+介词”的短语,代词放在介词之后.,一、重点短语1.Clean-UpDay清洁日2.anoldpeopleshome养老院3.helpoutwithsth.帮助解决困难4.usedto曾经过去_5.carefor关心;照顾6.thelookofjoy快乐的表情7.attheageof在.岁时8.cleanup打扫(或清除)干净9.cheerup(使)变得更高兴;振雀10.giveout分发;散发,eupwith想出；提出12.makeaplan制订计划13.makesomenotices做些公告牌14.tryout试用;试行15.workfor为工作；为.效力16.putup建造;举起;张贴17.handout分发;散发;发给18.callup打电话;召集19.putoff推迟;延迟20.forexample比如；例如,22.takeafter与.相像;像23.giveaway赠送;捐赠24.fixup修理;修补;解决25.besimilarto与相似26.setup建立;设立27.disabledpeople残疾人28.makeadifference影响;有作用29.beableto能够30.after-schoolreadingprogram课外阅读项目,二、重点句型1.Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank.这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。2.Clean-UpDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。3.HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.每周六上午，他都在一家动物医院当志愿者。4.Lastyear,shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。,5.youcanseeintheireyesthattheyregoingonadifferentjourneywitheachnewbook.从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。6.Iwanttoputoffmyplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。7.Mostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobstomakelotsofmoney.现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。8.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。,Nouns:money,animal,helpers,peoplelucky,organizationPronouns:I,you,it,my,who,thatVerbs:like,thank,send,set(up),fillAdjectives:disabled,blind,deaf,normalAdverbs:easily,well,lastyear,atoncePrepositions:for,with,ofConjunctions:but,and,because,orExclamations:Yousee,Lucky!,1.Inwhatotherwaysdoyouthinkdogsareabletohelppeople?(guidedog;watchdog)2.Whatotheranimalscanwetraintohelppeople?(elephants;dolphins),2e,Discussthequestionswithapartner.,WorkinginanoldpeopleshomeHelpingkidsinanafter-schoolprogramBeingaguideatamuseum,3a,Lookatthesekindsofvolunteerwork.Canyouaddmore?Whatwouldyouliketodo?Discussitwithapartner.,Writealetterore-mailtotheplaceyouwanttovolunteerat.,DearSirofMadam,_Yourstruly,_,3b,SelfCheck,Fillintheblankswiththeappropriatephrasalverbsorinfinitives,Lastweek,Jimmy,theBikeBoy_ofmoney_oldbikes.Hewasunhappy；soeveryonewastrying_himup.He_somesignsaskingforoldbikesand_allhisfriendsonthephone_themabouttheproblem.Heeven_noticesatthesupermarket.Thenhetoldtheteachersatschoolabouthisproblemandthey_acall-incenterforparents.Theideasthathe_withworkedoutfine.Henowhas16bikes_upand_tochildrenwhodonthavebikes.,ranout,tobuy,tocheer,putup,calledup,totell,handedout,setup,cameup,tofix,gaveaway,Exercises,Hehelps_theclassroom.A.cleansupB.cleaningupC.cleanup2.Itookhertotheconcertto_.A.cheerupherB.cheerherupC.cheersheup3.Thebossputoff_theworkerswages.A.togiveoutB.giveupC.givingout,C,B,C,1.Themanestablishedafactoryinourvillagelastyear.=Theman_afactoryinourvillagelastyear.2.Weneedtothinkupsomeideas.=Weneedto_someideas3.Hephonedmeandaskedmetogothere.=He_andaskedmetogothere,setup,comeupwith,called/,rang,meup,tosetupashop,arentsupposedtohandout,1.我准备领他去看电影,以便他会高兴起来。Iamgoingto_him_thecinema_.2.这些词都很重要，请把它们记下来。Thesewordsareallveryimportant._,please!3.你知道谁在校门口分发广告了吗？Doyouknowwho_attheschoolgate?,根据汉语完成句子。,tocheerhimup,Writethemdown,take,to,handedout,advertisements,4.他们的老师不但会讲英语，而且还会讲日语。Theirteachercanspeak_English_Japanese.5.没人想买这些大衣，甚至白送也不要。Noonewantstobuythesecoats.Youcanteven_.6.他想尽力通过这次考试，因此他学习更加努力。He_,soheworksharder.,notonly,butalso,givethemaway,triestopasstheexam,Handsup!/,Putupyourhand.,putofftilltomorrow,2may和might的用法may(might)意为“可以”，表示说话人同意、许可或请求对方许可，也可表示祝愿。may的否定式为maynot。might是may的过去式，有两种用法：一种表示过去式；一种表示虚拟语气，使语气更加委婉、客气，或表示可能性更小。如：_Iuseyourpen?我可以用你的钢笔吗？Youmayputonmoreclothes.你可以多穿衣服。Mayyoubehappy.祝你开心。MightIborrowsomemoneynow?我现在可以借点钱吗？Hemightbealive.他可能还活着。,May,情态动词,情态动词,英语语法复习系列课件,中考考点情态动词can,must,need,may等的基本句型结构及主要用法。,情态动词,考点情态动词,情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，表示“可能”、“应当”、“必要”等含义，但其本身词义不完全，不能独立作谓语，必须和动词原形连用。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。其否定形式一般是在情态动词后加not(haveto除外)，其疑问形式是将情态动词提至主语前。情态动词数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有：can(could),may(might),must,need,shall(should),will(would)。1can和could的用法can(could)表示“能力”、“许可”、“可能性”等。could为can的过去式。表示请求时，could比can更婉转。如：CanIuseyourbike？我可以用你的自行车吗？,情态动词,注意can和could只能用于现在时和过去时两种时态，将来时中用beableto。另外cant可表示否定推测。如：That_beMrWang.HehasgonetoBeijing.A.mustB.canC.cantD.need,C,情态动词,3must的用法must意为“必须，应该，一定，准是”，表示说话人认为有必要做某事，命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的推测。must用于一般现在时和一般将来时，过去式可用haveto的过去式代替。如：I_finishmyworktoday.我今天必须完成我的工作。Youmustntdriveafterdrinking.你绝不能酒后驾车。(1)must和haveto的区别：must表示说话人的主观意愿；haveto表示客观需要。如：Imustdomyhomeworkfirst.我必须首先做家庭作业。Itisraininghardoutside;I_stayathome.外面雨下得很大，我不得不待在家里。,must,情态动词,haveto,(2)回答must的提问肯定回答：Yes，must.如：MustIgohomenow?Yes,youmust.“我必须现在回家吗？”“是的，你必须。”否定回答：No，neednt./No，dont/doesnthaveto.如：MustIgohomenow？No,you_.“我必须现在回家吗？”“不，没必要。”(3)must可以表示肯定推测，意为“一定”。如：Themanmustbeourteacher.那个人一定是我们的老师。,neednt/donthaveto,情态动词,4need的用法(1)need做情态动词表示“需要，必须”。主要用于否定句和疑问句中，否定形式为neednt，表示“没有必要，不必”；need提问时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用neednt。如：Needwedosomecleaningnow?“我们必须现在大扫除吗？”Yes,youmust.“是的，你们必须。”No,youneednt.“不，你们不必。”(2)need还可当做实义动词使用，这时常用结构为needtodosth。如：Ineedtolearnmore.我需要学习更多。,情态动词,5shall和should的用法shall用于第一人称的句子中表示提建议或请求；should用于各种人称的句子中强调义务或责任。如：_wegooutforawalk?我们出去散步好吗？(建议)Youshouldstudyhardatschool.你们在学校应该努力学习。(劝告)6will和would的用法will用于第二人称疑问句时，表示征求意见或提建议。would为will的过去式，可用于多种人称，表示意愿。如：Willyouhavealittlesoup?你要不要喝点汤？,Shall,情态动词,情态动词,归纳情态动词表推测的用法(1)肯定句中一般用must(一定)，may(可能)，might/could(也许，或许)，其中must表推测的语气最强，其余依次渐弱。如：Thebookmustbehers.Hernameisonit.Hemustberunning.他一定是在跑步。Theymayknowthewaytothelibrary.他们可能知道去图书馆的路。,(2)否定句中一般用cant/couldnt(不可能)。如：ThatmancantbeMrLibecausehehasgonetoLondon.那个人不可能是李老师，因为他去伦敦了。(3)疑问句中用can/could(能)。如：CantheredsweaterbeToms?“这件红毛衣会是吉姆的吗？”No,itcant.Hecantstandred.“不，不可能。他不能忍受红色。”注意might,could并不是may,can的过去式，而是表示语气较委婉或可能性较小。,情态动词,根据句意及汉语提示完成句子，每空词数不限1MustIfinishtheworknow?No,you_(不必)2Ithinkyou_(一定饿了).Illcookdinnerforyou.3Peter,isthedictionaryMarys?No,it_(不可能是她的).Herdictionaryisathome.4CouldIhavealookatyourphotos?Yes,you_(能)5I_(能游泳)attheageoffive.,考点过关,neednt/donthaveto,mustbehungry,cantbehers,can,couldswim,情态动词,【2013甘肃白银】37.Finishyourhomeworkfirst,thenyoull_watchTVforanhour.A.canB.beabletoC.ableDcould【答案】B考查助动词用法。will是助动词，其后应该用动词的原型，故选B。,【2013广东梅州】35.Amy,Ihearyouvegotmanyforeigncoins._Ihavealook?Ofcourse,Illfetchthemforyou.A.MayB.MustC.ShouldD.Need【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：艾米，我听说你有很多外国硬币。我可以看一下吗？当然了。我拿给你看。MayI?用于向对方提出建议或请求，意为“我可以吗？”。故选A。,【2013天津】37.Whereareyougoingthismonth?We_gotoXiamen,butwerenotsure.A.needntB.mustC.mightD.mustnt【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词表推测。A“不必”表建议；B“一定”表猜测的可能性很大；C“可能，也许”表不是很肯定的猜测。D“不允许”表命令。句意：这个月你们将去哪？我们或许去厦门，但还不确定。故选C符合语境。,【2013山东威海】33.MayIgooutforawhile,Mom?No,you.Youhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.shouldntB.needntC.mustntD.wont【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：妈妈，我可以出去一会吗？不，你不能。你必须首先完成你的作业。shouldnt不应该；neednt不必要；mustnt一定不能，表示明令禁止；wont将不能。根据答语，你必须首先完成你的作业，可知不同意出去玩。故选B。,【2013福建泉州】36.Haveyoudecidedwheretogoforyoursummervacation?Notyet.We_gotoQingdao.Itsagoodplaceforvacation.A.mayB.needC.must【答案】A【解析】本题考查情态动词。句意：你已经决定到哪里过暑假了吗？还没有呢，我们也许去青岛。那是个度假的好地方。情态动词表示推测时，may