被动语态讲解(1)

,被动语态专项讲练,主动句与被动句之间的转换Weboughtsomebooks.主语+谓语动词过去式的主动语态+宾语Somebookswerebought(byus)主语+谓语动词过去式的被动语态+介词+宾语,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：情态动词：现在进行时：过去进行时现在完成时：过去完成时：,S+am/is/are+done,S+can/may/must/should+be+done,S+will+be+done,S+was/were+being+done,S+have/has+been+done,S+was/were+done,各种时态的被动语态构成,S+am/is/are+being+过去分词,S+had+been+done,Exercises：1.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.2.Peopleusedknivesforcuttingthings.3.Wecanusetheboxasatable.4.Weshouldcleantheclassroomeveryday.5.Shewillrepairthebiketomorrow.,Englishisspokenbymanypeople.Knivesareusedbypeopleforcuttingthings.Theboxcanbeusedbyusasatable.Theclassroomshouldbecleanedbyuseveryday.Thebikewillberepairedbyhertomorrow.,各种句型的被动形式,肯定句主语+be+过去分词+（by）否定句主语+benot+过去分词+（by）一般疑问句Be+主语+过去分词+(by)?特殊疑问句疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+（by）？,Eg:Hewrotethebook.肯定句:Thebookwaswrittenbyhim否定句：Thebookwasnotwrittenbyhim一般疑问句:Wasthebookwrittenbyhim?特殊疑问句：Whywasthebookwrittenbyhim?,使用被动语态应注意的几个问题1.主动语态不带to的变为被动语态，须加上“to”hear、listentomake、let、have、watch、see,lookat,notice、feel、help,等。例：makesbdosthsb+be+madetodosthseesbdosthsb+be+seentodosthAgirlsawTomfalloffthetree.Tomwasseentofalloffthetreebyagirl.Thebossmadetheworkersworkhard.?Theworkersweremadetoworkhard.,2.“双宾语”改被动语态，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词(for/to)。把指“人”的间接宾语变主语，“物”不变。Hegavemeabook.变直接宾语加to.变间接宾语不加Iwasgivenabook(byhim).Abookwasgiventome(byhim).Heshowedmeaticket.Iwasshownaticket(byhim).Aticketwasshowntome(byhim).Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.Iwasboughtanewbike(bymyfather).Anewbikewasboughtforme(bymyfather).,“主动”表“被动”常见的三种情况,（1）表示某物自身内在特点，主动表示被动。常见：Thispenwriteswell.Theshirtwasheswell.Thisnewbooksellswell.Thedoorwontwork.Theshopopens/closesat8:00am.,(2)有些词如want,need,require和beworth后面，V-ing形式为主动，意义为被动。如：Theroomneeds/wants/requirescleaning.=Theroomneeds/wants/requiredtobecleand.Thebookisworthreading.,(