基础英语2 Unit4ppt课件

.,.,Questions/Activities,Check-onPreview,Objectives,Warmingup,TheManintheWater,Unit4,.,Contents,Warm-up,SingaSongMomentsAftertheCrashDoYouKnow?,.,Warming-upQuestions:Howdoyoudefineahero?Whichcharactersshouldoneobtaintobeahero?Couldyounameoutthefamedheroes(Chinese/foreign)?,.,HeroTheresaheroifyoulookinsideyourheartYoudonthavetobeafraidofwhatyouareTheresananswerifyoureachintoyoursoulAndthesorrowthatyouknowwillmeltawayAndthenaherocomesalongWiththestrengthtocarryonAndyoucastyourfearsasideAndyouknowyoucansurviveSowhenyoufeellikehopeisgoneLookinsideyouandbestrongAndyoullfinallyseethetruththataheroliesinyou,Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.,SingaSong,.,ItsalongroadwhenyoufacetheworldaloneNoonereachesoutahandforyoutoholdYoucanfindloveifyousearchwithinyourselfAndtheemptinessyoufeltwilldisappearAndthenaherocomesalongWiththestrengthtocarryonAndyoucastyourfearsasideAndyouknowyoucansurviveSowhenyoufeellikehopeisgoneLookinsideyouandbestrongAndyoullfinallyseethetruththataheroliesinyou,Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.,SingaSong,.,LordknowsdreamsarehardtofollowButdontletanyonetearthemawayHoldontherewillbetomorrowIntimeyoullfindthewayAndthenaherocomesalongWiththestrengthtocarryonAndyoucastyourfearsasideAndyouknowyoucansurviveSowhenyoufeellikehopeisgoneLookinsideyouandbestrongAndyoullfinallyseethetruthThataheroliesinyou!.,TheendofSingaSong.,SingaSong,.,At3:59theplane_asittookoffandtriedto_altitude.ItclearedtwoofthebridgesonthePotomacRiver,butwas_altitude.The_andpassengersknewtheywereintroublebeforeit_the14thStreetBridgeandit_inhalfasitslammed猛撞throughcarsandrailings(栏杆)then_intothecold,icy,darkwaters.,II.MomentsAftertheCrash,Listentothepassageandfillintheblanks.,.,Momentslateronlythetailsectionremained_,79peoplewereaboardFlight90,sixwereto_thecrash,butonlyfivewouldlive.Huddledtogetherinthecoldicywaters,thesurvivorswaitedforthe_helicoptertoarrive.Treadingwater,thesurvivors_on,some_brokenarmsandlegs,twowith_lungscausedfromthe_.“Wereallgoingtodie,”someonesaid.,.,AboardFlight90wasArlandK.WilliamsJr.,whoalwayssatinthetailsectionoftheplane,“the_partoftheplane,”hesaid.Notlongbefore,Williamshadjustdiscussedhis_withthewomanheloved,“Ithinkweregoingtomarrysoon.”Itwas4:20beforethehelicopterarrivedatthe_,droppingthefirstlifeline_BertHamilton100yardstoshore.Itwouldbetenminutesbeforethehelicopterreturned,_thelinetoWilliams.Hecaughtit,butinsteadof_itaroundhimself,hepassedthelinetoflight_KellyDuncan,theonlycrewmembertosurvive.Shetooktheline,wrappeditunderherarmsandheldon_asshewascarriedtoshore.,.,Withroomforonlyonehelicopteratatimebetweenbridges,itreturnedwithtwolifelines,andagainWilliamscaughtitandhandeditoffto_anothersurvivor,JoeStiley,themost_injuredpassenger.Tirado,whoalso_toStileyandherlifeline,however,_,inpainandshock,soonlosther_andplungedbackintothecoldicywatersofthePotomac.Rescuersagain_heralifelinebutshewasunabletograspittosaveherownlife.,.,UponseeingthisandasTiradowasabouttogounder,an_,LennySkutnik,plungedfromthebanksoftheriverintothefreezingwaterandbroughthersafelytoshore.By4:30p.m.Williamshadbeeninthe_waterfor29minutes,andhisturnhadfinallycome.Thehelicopterturnedoncemoretowardthe_tail,itstwo-mancreweagertomeetthemaninthewater,“totellhimtheyhadneverseensuch_courage.”Theystrainedfor_oftheheroofFlight90.Butthebaldingmanwasgone.“Hecouldhavegoneonthefirsttrip,”pilotUsherwept,“butheputeveryoneelse_ofhimself.Everyone.”,.,At3:59theplane_asittookoffandtriedto_altitude.ItclearedtwoofthebridgesonthePotomacRiver,butwas_altitude.The_andpassengersknewtheywereintroublebeforeit_the14thStreetBridgeandit_inhalfasitslammedthroughcarsandrailings(栏杆)then_intothecold,icy,darkwaters.,shuddered,gain,losing,tore,plunged,struck,crew,Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.,II.MomentsAftertheCrash,.,Momentslateronlythetailsectionremained_,79peoplewereaboardFlight90,sixwereto_thecrash,butonlyfivewouldlive.Huddledtogetherinthecoldicywaters,thesurvivorswaitedforthe_helicoptertoarrive.Treadingwater,thesurvivors_on,some_brokenarmsandlegs,twowith_lungscausedfromthe_.“Wereallgoingtodie,”someonesaid.,afloat,survive,rescue,with,collapsed,held,impact,Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.,II.MomentsAftertheCrash,.,AboardFlight90wasArlandK.WilliamsJr.,whoalwayssatinthetailsectionoftheplane,“the_partoftheplane,”hesaid.Notlongbefore,Williamshadjustdiscussedhis_withthewomanheloved,“Ithinkweregoingtomarrysoon.”Itwas4:20beforethehelicopterarrivedatthe_,droppingthefirstlifeline_BertHamilton100yardstoshore.Itwouldbetenminutesbeforethehelicopterreturned,_thelinetoWilliams.Hecaughtit,butinsteadof_itaroundhimself,hepassedthelinetoflight_KellyDuncan,theonlycrewmembertosurvive.Shetooktheline,wrappeditunderherarmsandheldon_asshewascarriedtoshore.,safest,marriage,scene,delivering,dropping,wrapping,attendant,tight,II.MomentsAftertheCrash,Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.,.,Withroomforonlyonehelicopteratatimebetweenbridges,itreturnedwithtwolifelines,andagainWilliamscaughtitandhandeditoffto_anothersurvivor,JoeStiley,themost_injuredpassenger.Tirado,whoalso_toStileyandherlifeline,however,_,inpainandshock,soonlosther_andplungedbackintothecoldicywatersofthePotomac.Rescuersagain_heralifelinebutshewasunabletograspittosaveherownlife.,yet,seriously,clung,exhausted,grip,tossed,II.MomentsAftertheCrash,Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.,.,TheendofMomentsAftertheCrash.,UponseeingthisandasTiradowasabouttogounder,an_,LennySkutnik,plungedfromthebanksoftheriverintothefreezingwaterandbroughthersafelytoshore.By4:30p.m.Williamshadbeeninthe_waterfor29minutes,andhisturnhadfinallycome.Thehelicopterturnedoncemoretowardthe_tail,itstwo-mancreweagertomeetthemaninthewater,“totellhimtheyhadneverseensuch_courage.”Theystrainedfor_oftheheroofFlight90.Butthebaldingmanwasgone.“Hecouldhavegoneonthefirsttrip,”pilotUsherwept,“butheputeveryoneelse_ofhimself.Everyone.”,onlooker,freezing,sinking,selfless,signs,ahead,II.MomentsAftertheCrash,.,DISCUSSION,Whatmakesahero?Canyounamesomeheroes?Whatdoyouthinkthatmakesthemheroes?Haveyouevertriedtofindaheroinyourself?,.,Warmingup,Questions/Activities,Doyouknowofanydisaster(s)thathappenedinrecentyearsorrecently?Whendisasterhappens,whatdoweusuallywanttoknow?Wesometimesidentifysomeheroesindisasters.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthem?,.,Check-onPreview,Matchthewordswiththeircorrectmeaninginthetext.,mitment4.standoff5.impact,a.adeterminationtodowhatoneconsiderstobehisdutyb.beingcentralormostimportantc.asituationinwhichneithersideinafightcangainanadvantaged.theforceofoneobjectstrikingorhittinganothere.concerningbeauty,esp.beautyinartf.astoporpauseg.inastateofcompletedisorderandconfusion,Warmingup,.,Background,TheDisaster,Aircrafttype:Boeing737-222Operator:AirFloridaPassengers:74Crew:5Date:January13,1982Type:CrashontakeoffAccidentsite:Washington,D.C.Fatalities:78(4onground)Injuries:10Survivors:5,.,AuthorTheAirCrashWashington,D.C.PresidentialMonumentPotomacRiverRalphWaldoEmerson,BackgroundInformation,Contents,.,RogerRosenblattisajournalist,author,playwrightandprofessor.AsanessayistforTimemagazine,hehaswontwoGeorgePolkAwards,andawardsfromtheOverseasPressClub海外记者俱乐部andtheAmericanBarAssociation.美国律师协会,Author,TheendofAuthor.,.,OnJan.13,1982oneoftheworstsnowstormsinthehistoryofWashington,D.C.hitthecity.Justabouteverythingcloseddownthegovernment,businesses,schools,theairports.Byaboutnoon,theskiesclearedandWashingtonsNationalAirportreopenedforbusiness.ThecrewofAirFloridaFlight90beganpreparingforanonstoptriptosunnyFortLauderdale,Florida.At3:59p.m.,thetwin-engineBoeing737wasclearedfortakeoffandbeganrumblingdown隆隆下坠therunwayonitsfinalflight.,TheAirCrash,Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.,.,Minuteslater,theplanesmashedintothe14thStreetBridge,only1,200yards码fromthePentagon,destroyingfourautomobilesandkillingfivepeople.Thejetthenfellintotheice-coveredPotomacRiver,bringingallthepassengerstotheirinstantdeathexceptfivefourpassengersandoneflightattendant空乘fromthetailsection,whofoundthemselvesgaspingandstrugglingintheicywaters.,TheAirCrash,Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.,.,Thesefivepeoplehoweversurvivedandtheywereabletosurvivebecauseoffourheroes.Theauthorwrotethisessayinpraiseoftheseheroes,threeofwhomhadriskedtheirlivestorescuethesurvivorsandwereabletolivetotellthestory,butthemanthatreallyheldthewholenationsattentionwasthefourthonewhohadkeptpushinghislifelineandflotationringstoothersuntilhewentunder.,TheAirCrash,TheendofTheAirCrash.,.,IV.PresidentialMonument,InrecognitionofhisleadershipinthecauseofAmericanindependence,Washingtonearnedthetitle“FatherofHisCountry”.Withthismonument,thecitizensoftheUnitedStatesshowtheirenduringgratitudeandrespectforthefirstPresidentoftheUnitedStates.,WashingtonMonument,Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.,.,Background,TheDisaster,SummaryofthecrashBadweatherconditionsatWashingtonNationalAirportwhentakingoffDelays,icingonthewings,poordecisionsCrashontothe14thStreetBridgeHamperedrescueresponsesUnlikelyheroes,.,Background,TheDisaster,TheRescueSite,.,Responsesinthemedia,Newsmediaoutletsfollowedthestorywithdiligence;itmadeheadlinesAHero-PassengerAidsOthers,ThenDies,WashingtonPost,January14,1982“thesixthman”,“themaninthewater”,Background,.,TheManintheWater,Hewasabout50yearsold,oneofhalfadozensurvivorsclingingtotwistedwreckagebobbingintheicyPotomacwhenthefirsthelicopterarrived.Tothecopterstwo-manParkPolicecrewheseemedthemostalert.Lifevestsweredropped,thenaflotationball.Themanpassedthemtotheothers.Ontwooccasions,thecrewrecalledlastnight,hehandedawayalifelinefromthehoveringmachinethatcouldhavedraggedhimtosafety.andthehelicopterpilot,DonaldW.Usher,returnedtothescene,butthemanwasgone.,Background,.,7PlaneCrashFactsThatCouldSaveYourLifeManypeoplehaveatleastaslightapprehensionaboutflying,lookingateachtakeoffasacrapshootinthegameoflife.Althoughitseemslikepureluckastowhosurvivesandwhodoesnt,thereisasubstantialbaseofinformationonplanecrashesthatshowsotherwise.Knowingthese7thingscouldsaveyourlifeshouldyoubeoneoftheunfortunate1in10.64millionpeopletoexperienceanairplanecrash.,.,1.MostPeopleSurvivePlaneCrashesDontboardaplaneorneglectthisadvicethinkingthataplanecrashisadeathsentence,whenmorethan76.6%ofallpersonsinvolvedincrashessurvive.AccordingtotheSurvivorsGuidebyBenShermanthekeydifferencesinthosewhomakeitanddontarepreparationandmindset.,.,2.PlusThree,MinusEightAccordingtoDavidPalmerton,aUSFederalAviationAdministration(FAA)expertonplanecrashes,thesearethecrucial11minuteswhenyouneedtobealertonanairplane.Thethreeminutesduringtakeoffandfinal8minutesbeforelandingarewhen80%ofplanecrashesoccur,usuallyduetowetweather.Staysober,holdoffonyournap,anddontburyyourfaceinabookandfollowtheplusthree,minuseightrule.,.,3.BeReadyToPartWithYourCarryOnMostpeoplewhosurvivetheinitialimpactofaplanecrash,yetstilllosetheirlives,dosobecausetheytrytotaketheircarry-onluggagewiththem.AnythingthatsreallyimportanttoyousentimentallyorotherwiseshouldbeinyourpocketsrememberyourlifeismoreimportantthanyouriPod.,.,4.YouveGot90SecondsToGetOutInaboutthetimeitwouldtakeyoutoscan3postsonmyblogpage,anairplanecabincanreachtemperaturesthatwillmelthumanskin.Thatsallthetimeyouvegottogetoffaburningcraftandoneofthereasonstofollowthe5rowruleandknowwhereyouraircraftsemergencyexitsare.,.,5.HaveAPlanOfActionTheSurvivorsGuide:TheSecretsAndScienceThatCouldSaveYourLifehasanexcellentexitstrategytofollowshouldyouneedone.Thekeyhowever,istohaveone,aspeopletendtodoverystrangethingswhenfacedwithincrediblystressfulsituationstheyrenotpreparedfor.Thingslikeleavingtheirinfantsbehindorsittinginshockintheirseatsastheplanearoundthemburnstotheground.BenShermancallsthis“activepassiveness”,aphenomenonpresentinallmajordisasterslikeearthquakes,terrorattacks,andplanecrashes.,.,6.SkipStockings,Heels,AndExtraMealsFabriclikenylonhasalowmeltingpoint,easilycookingitswayintoyourskinintheeventofafireafteracrash;andhighheelsarentgoodforrunning(letalonewalking).Also,yetanotherreasontokeepupwithyourhotelroomworkoutsandstaytrim,istoconsiderthepeoplewhotypicallysurviveplanecrashesaccordingtoplanecrashstatistics,slendermalesfaredbest.Smallerpeoplefitthroughmoreplacesandanextrasteportwocouldsaveyourlife.,.,7.KeepYourSeatBeltOnAndBraceYourselfSomewherealongthelineseatbeltsstoppedbeingcoolthatisuntilyourehurdledintotheseatinfrontofyouwiththeforceofseveralthousandkilos.Keepingyourseatbeltonandtightlyfastenedcannotonlysaveyourlifebutalsoprotectyoufrominjuryinroughturbulence.Makesureyoureadthesafetypamphletontheplaneandweartheseatbelttightlyfastened.Whileyoureatit,learntheproperbraceposition,itwillgreatlyreduceyourchanceofheadtrauma.,.,TheOddsAreInYourFavorHumanbeingsareterribleatassessingriskbasedonprobabilities(ourmemoriesfuelourfears)butyoucanstillrelieveyourflyinganxietywithoutrelyingonthestatistics.Whileluckandsomerandomchancedoesfactorinonyoursurvival,rememberthatafewsecondsofpreparationbeforeeachflightcanhelpyouintheunlikelyeventofanunorthodoxlanding.,.,TheManintheWater,ThemanwaslateridentifiedasArlandD.WilliamsJr.,abankexaminerworkingfortheFederalReservesysteminAtlanta.The14thStreetBridgewasrenamedinhishonor.InJuneof1983,WilliamswasawardedamedalbyPresidentReagan.,Background,.,Background,Genre,Whatkindofarticledowehaveforthislesson?Wheredowegenerallyfindit?Whatdoesthisarticleconcentrateon?Doesitfocusonthedescriptionofthedisasterorhowpeoplearesaved?Why?,.,Newsfallintobasiccategories:hardnewsandsoftnews.,“Hardnews”includesstoriesofatimelynatureabouteventsorconflictsthathavejusthappenedorareabouttohappen,suchascrimes,fires,meetings,protestrallies,speechesandtestimonyincourtcases.Thesestorieshaveimmediacy.重要新闻,“Softnews”isdefinedasnewsthatentertainsorinforms,withanemphasisonhumaninterest(人情味)andnovelty(新奇)andlessimmediacythanhardnews.“Softnews”canalsobestoriesthatfocusonpeople,placesorissuesthataffectreaderslives.Thesetypesofstoriesarecalled“featurestories.”(并非刻不容缓的)软消息(如特写等),Background,CategoryofNews,.,Whichcategorydothesefallinto?,flash(快讯)features(特写)urgent(急电)anecdote(趣事；轶事)brief(简讯)personalprofile(人物特写)breakingnews(突发新闻),Background,.,NewsFeature,Anewsfeaturedoesnotcoverallthedetailsanewsreporthastocontainandonlyfocusesoncertainaspectsoftheeventonwhichthereporterhassomethingtosay.Thoughthedetailsaboutthenewseventhavetobetrueandexact,thereportercanaddhis/herowncommentandinterpretationoftheevent,whichhe/sheisnotallowedinanewsreport.,Background,.,LanguageStyle,Journalisticarticles:describethefactwithwhatisseenorheard;sometimesguessesaremade,butoftenwithmodelverbsandcontinuoustensestomakethedescriptionreliableandvivid.Parenthesesandshortellipticalsentencestomakethereportvivid.,.,TextAnalysis,TheManintheWater,Unit4,.,TextAnalysis,Theme,Whatarethepossiblethemesofthearticle?heroismmoralpowerintimeofcrisis,.,PartThree,TextAppreciation,ENTER,.,TextAppreciation,TextAnalysis1.Theme2.Structure3.FurtherDiscussionWritingDeviceParallelismSentenceParaphrase,Contents,.,TextAnalysis,DetailedAnalysis,MainIdea,Whatwasunusualaboutthisaircrash?Diditmakethedisastermorespecialthanothers?Whatistheaestheticcrash?Isitreallyso?Whatwasthecauseoftheaircrash?Whatdidpeopleactuallyseeinthedisaster?,.,TextAnalysis,Themaninthewaterdidnothavetogivehisringstoothers;hedidnotevenknowthesepeople.Hewasextraordinaryprecisely（恰恰）becausehewasordinary.Heshowedwhateveryoneofuscoulddoatthatcriticalmoment.Thedisplayofhisheroismwasasongtothebeautifulhumancharacter.,TheendofTheme.,.,TextAnalysis,Structure,.,1.Asdisastersgo,thisonewasterrible,butnotunique,certainlynotamongtheworstU.S.aircrashesonrecord.paraAsdisastersgo:comparedwiththeaveragedisasterofthistypeMoreexamplesof“as.go”E.g.Aswritersgo,OscarWildewasnotthemosttalented.Buthewasamongthemostpopular.Asbusinessmengo,heisconsideredprettyhonest.Para:Aircrashesusuallyinvolveaheavylossoflives.Comparedwithotheraircrashes,thisonewasnottheworst.Thisaircrashwasrememberedforadifferentreason.Therewastheunusualelementofthebridge,ofcourseandthefactthattheplanehititatamomentofhightraffic.paraPara:Onethingthatwasunusualaboutthisdisasterwasthatthebridgeatthetimeofheavytraffic.,.,Then,too,therewasthelocationoftheevent.Washington,thecityofformandrules,turnedchaoticbyablastofrealwinterandasingleslapofmetalonmetal.trablastofrealwinter:asuddenstrongandreallycoldwind华盛顿，在严冬里突如其来的一阵强风中，钢铁的机身猛烈撞击到钢铁的桥面，把这个布局合理、井然有序的城市，搞得一片混乱。ThejetsfromWashingtonNationalAirportthatnormallyflyaroundthepresidentialmonumentslikehungrygullsare,forthemoment,representedbytheonethatfell.tr从华盛顿国家机场起飞后，喷气式飞机一般都像饥饿的海鸥般，会在各个总统纪念碑上盘旋一阵，而此刻那架坠落的飞机便是其中的代表。Andtherewastheaestheticclashaswellblue-and-greenAirFlorida,thenameofaflyinggarden,sunkdownamonggraychunksoficeinablackriver.Allthatwasworthnoticing,tobesure.Still,therewasnothingveryspecialinanyofit,exceptdeath,which,whilealwaysspecial,doesnotnecessarilybringmillionstotearsortoattention.Why,then,theshockhere?,.,TextAnalysis,DetailedAnalysis,PartI:SentenceParaphrase,Andtherewastheaestheticclashaswellblue-and-greenAirFlorida,thenameofaflyinggarden,sunkdownamonggraychunksoficeinablackriver.(para.1)aestheticclashParaphrasing:Whentheaircrashoccurred,itwasnotjustaclashofmetalagainstthebridge,butalsoaclashbetweencolors:theblue-greencoloroftheplaneandthegrayandblackcoloroftheiceandriver,whichdidnotlookgood.,.,TextAnalysis,DetailedAnalysis,PartI:SentenceParaphrase,Washington,thecityofformandrules,turnedchaoticbyablastofrealwinterandasingleslapofmetalonmetal.(para.1)Thecityofformandrules:thecitythatisneat整洁的andbeautiful.(Washingtonwasthefirstcarefullyplannedcityintheworldwithparallelstreetscutbydiagonaldanlavenues.Itsdesignwasconsideredamasterpiece.)Turnchaotic:becomechaotic;bethrownintoterribleconfusion.Ablastofrealwinter:asuddenstrongreallycoldwind.一场突如其来的寒风Slap:aquickblowwithsomethingflat.拍击,.,2.Perhapsbecausethenationsawinthisdisastersomethingmorethanamechanicalfailure.Perhapsbecausepeoplesawinitnofailureatall,butrathersomethingsuccessfulaboutthemselves.Here,afterall,weretwoformsofnatureincollision:thee