非限定性定语从句与限制性定语从句讲解与练习 借鉴内容

非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解，在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开，如若将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间，起前后都需要用逗号隔开。目录关系词 使用规则及注意事项 限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的区别 功能和形式方面的区别编辑本段关系词引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词： 指代对象指代人指代物主格whowhich,as宾格whomwhich,as所有格of whom, whosewhich, of which, whose引导非限定性定语从句的关系副词主要有：when,where 编辑本段使用规则及注意事项1. which引导的非限定性定语从句是用来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分。 2. 在引导非限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, for which或at which 。其中，介词的选用，依据从句中的动词所需搭配的介词来选用。 例句： Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。 I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。 We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 刚好我们到的那天他们走了。 3. as有时也可用作关系代词 。 4. 在非限定性定语从句中，关系词不能用that。 编辑本段限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的区别1.限定性定语从句: 从句不能省略,如果省略整个句子意思不完整。 非限定性定语从句: 从句可以省略,如果省略整个句子意思仍然完整 。 2.限定性定语从句: 先行词可以用that 引导。 非限定性定语从句: 先行词不可以用that 引导。 3.限定性定语从句: 引导词有时可以省略。 非限定性定语从句:引导词不可以省略。 4.限定性定语从句:主句与从句不需要用逗号隔开。 非限定性定语从句:主句与从句需要用逗号隔开。 5.限定性定语从句: 从句只修饰先行词。 非限定性定语从句:从句即可以修饰先行词，也可以修饰整个句子或句子的一部分。 编辑本段功能和形式方面的区别限定性定语从句与主句的关系很紧凑，对其先行词起限定、修饰的作用。如果将其去掉，会影响句子意思的完整性；有时甚至于引起费解、误解。例如： 1.Rainforests are being cleared for valuable timber and other resources to speed up the economic growth of the nationsin which they are located . 为了加速他们各自所在国家的经济发展，热带雨林作为有价值的原木和其他资源正为人们所砍伐。 2.Ocean currents affect the climates of the lands near which they flow. 洋流影响其流经的附近地区的气候。 3.They explained the reason to us why they had hated us before. 他们向我们解释为什么他们不喜欢我们的原因。 非限定性定语从句在形式上就与主句很松散，它与主句之间有一个逗点，隔开；它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用，只起补充、说明的作用。有时也用它来对全句或句中某个成分进行补充、说明。即使将其去掉，也不会影响句子意思。由于上述原因，非限定性定语从句在表达意思方面也有别于限定性定语从句。另外，非限定性定语从句在中文译文里，我们往往将其作为一个分句处理，而不把它作定语翻译。 例如： Earlier , the Babylonians had attempted to map the world , but they presented it in the form of a flattened disc rather than a sphere , which was the form adopted by Ptolemy . 更早之前，巴比伦人曾试图绘制世界地图，但是他们把它绘制成平盘状而不是托勒密所采用的球体状。 （此句中，非限定性定语从句是对先行词a sphere进行补充、说明。） The combination of satellites, which transmit information , computers , which store information , and television , which displays information , will change every home into an education and entertainment center . 卫星能传输信息，计算机能储存信息，电视能显示信息，把这些手段结合起来可以使每个家庭都成为教育娱乐的中心。 （此句中，三个非限定性定语从句分别对三个先行词：satellites ，computers和television进行补充、说明。如果去掉这三个非限定性定语从句，那么句子可简化为：The combination of satellites , computers and television will change every home into an education and entertainment center .） The sun heats the earth , which makes it possible for plants to grow . 太阳给予大地热，这就使植物的生长成为可能。 （此句中，非限定性定语从句是对全句进行补充、说明,将全句表达的意思看成一件事情）。The old man has a son , who is in the army . 那位老人有一个儿子，他在部队工作。 （此句中，非限定性定语从句是对先行词son进行补充、说明。但本句所传达的信息是：这位老人只有一个儿子 。如果将此句改写成限定性定语从句：The old man has a son who is in the army . 那位老人有一个在部队工作的儿子。那么，限定性定语从句就要对先行词son进行限定、修饰。这样一来，句子所传达的信息就变成了：这位老人有一个儿子在部队工作，也就是说可能老人还有其他的儿子在干别的工作） 词条图册更多图册开放分类： 文化，定语，英语，从句，语法 定语从句专项练习概念: 1.在句子中修饰名词或代词，定语从句在句中充当定语。2.定语从句必须有先行词，并尽量靠近先行词。3.在定语从句中，关系词在从句中充当成分。关系代词与关系副词关系代词：指人： who(主格)， whom(宾格)，whose(所有格)指物： which(主格，宾格)， whose(所有格)指人或物： that关系副词： when, where, why1. This is all _I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether2. Is there anything else _ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what3. The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it4. He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whom5. There is no dictionary _ you can find everything. A. that B. which C. where D. in that6. This is one of the best books_. A. that have ever been written C. that has written B. that has ever been written D. that have written7. He wrote a letter to me, telling me everything _he saw on the way to the Paris. A. what B. that C. which D. where8. Is oxygen the only gas _helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it9. Is there anything _to you? A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. which belongs D. that belong10. The scientist and his achievements _ you told me about are admired by us all. A. which B. that C. who D. whose11. Which of the books _were borrowed from him is the best? A. which B. what C. that D. whose结论： 先行词有下列情况或附有下列修饰语时, 通常关系代词that1)先行词是all， no， none， everyone， something， much， little等。2)先行词前有序数词,形容词最高级，the last， the same， the only等。3)如果先行词中既含有表示人的名词又有表示物的名词时。4)若主句中有疑问代词who，which 为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用who， which。1. Do you know who lives in the building _there is a well? A. in front of it B. in front of whose C. in front of which D. in front which2. Ill never forget the day _I joined the League. A. on which B. in which C. which D. at which3. The woman _my brother spoke just now is my teacher. A. who B. to whom C. to who D whom4. Jeanne was her old friend, _she borrowed a necklace. A. from who B. from whom C. to that D. to whom5. His glasses, _he was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke its leg. A. which B. with which C. without which D. that6. she is a teacher of much knowledge, _much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom7. He built a telescope _he could study the skies. A. in which B. with that C. through which D. by it8. Do you know the reason _he was late? A. that B. which C. for what D. for which9. I have bought two ball pens, _writes well. A. none of which B. neither of which C. none of them D. neither of them10. The Second World War _millions of people were killed in 1945. A. during which B. in that C. where D. on which11. China has many rivers,_ _the Changjiang River is the longest. A. which B. in which C. among which D. one of which12. This is the very knife _I used to cut apples yesterday. A. that B. by which C. which D. with which13. The speed _which you drive your car mustnt too high.14. In the park there are many flowers, the colour _ which is bright and nice.15. The little girl is reading a book, _ which there are many pictures.16. What were the things _which he was not too sure?17. They held a meeting, _which the hospital director made a speech.18. The book, _which he paid 6 yuan, is worth reading.19. Is this the man _whose house the police found the lost colored TV?20. The villagers dug along tunnel _which they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers.21. Wu Dong, _whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.22.The stories about Long March, _which this is one example, are well written.结论： 介词关系代词引导的定语从句，关键是判断介词的选择，方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配)，再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断，结合生活实际来判断。1._was natural, he married Jenny. A. Which B. That C. This D. As2. Such signs _we use in the experiment_ Greek letters. A. as , are B. as, is C. that, are D. that, is3. I passed him a large glass of whisky, _ he drank immediately . A. that B. as C. which D. who4. She is very good at dance, _everybody knows.A. that B. which C. who D. as5. It was raining, _was a pity. A. what B. that C. the which D. which6._has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules. A. Which B. What C. That D. As7. We do the same work _they do. A. which B. as C. than D. like8. The earth is round, _we all know. A. that B. which C. who D. as 结论： as ,which均可以引出非限制性定语从句，,如都指前一句话的意思，二者可以互换。.as 引导的从句可以放在句首，as 本身有“正如.正象” 一类的含义。 与之连用的词有know， see， expect， announce， point out等。此外，在the sameas ， such.as.中as引导的是限制性定语从句。1. A. Is this the factory _you visited last year? B. Is this factory _you visited last year? a. that b. where c. in which d. the one2. A. Mr Smith is one of those foreigners who_ working in China. B. Mr Smith is the only one of those foreigners who _working in China. a. is b. has c. have d. are3. A. Dont discuss questions such _those. B. Lets discuss only the questions_ we are interested in. a. which b. that c. as d. about which4. A. All _I need is a good rest. B. _I need is a good rest. a. What b. All what c. that d. Which 5. A.Pisa is a city, _ has a leaning tower. B. Pisa is a city, _there is a leaning tower. a. which b. that c. where d. there6. A.This is the place _we visited last year. B. This the place _we worked last year. a. which b. where c. in that d. there7. A.The news _he told us was very exciting. B. He has brought us the news _our team has won the game. a. what b. as c. that d. where8. It is in a box _I have hidden my money. Well go _we are needed. a. that b .in which c. where d. in it结论： 在实践中要注意定语从句与其它从句的结构上的细微差别，能够正确区分使用它们。Correct mistakes: 1. I saw some trees leaves of which were black with disease.2. Here is the pen you lost it yesterday.3. The girl told me the news is not here now.4. This is the village where my father worked in three years ago.5. The reason why he gave us sounded a little strange.6. He is the only one of the students who knows French.7. Ill never forget the day on which I spent with you.8. Which was planned, we met at the railway station.9. This is the teacher with whom weve learnt a lot.10. Is this farm we visited last year?练习一1.Theyaretalkingaboutthingsandpersons_theyknewwhentheywereyoung. A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom 2.Thisistheman_lastnight. A.whomIsawhimB.whomIsaw C.whichIsawD.whoIsawhim3.Theseventeenthcenturywasone_manyadvancesweremadeinscience. A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when 4.WetravelledtogetherasfarasChicago,_weparted. A.whenB.whichC.whyD.where 5.Thereason_ImwritingistotellyouaboutapartyonSaturday. A.becauseB.whyC.forD.as 6.AuthorEdithWhartonthoroughlyunderstoodthesociety_. A.shehadgrownupinitB.whichhadshegrownupin C.shehadgrownupD.inwhichshehadgrownup 7.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_. A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwritten C.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten 8.Thefirsttime_IsawPremierZhouwasin1958. A.whenB.whereC.whichD.that 9.Whichofthetwocows_youkeepproducesmoremilk? A.thatB.whichC.whomD.what 10.Hemetmybrother,from_hegotthenewsofmymarriage. A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose 11.Wouldyoupleaseputthebook_itbelongs? A.towhomB.towhichC.intowhichD.where 12.Doyourememberthenameofthecompany_? A.wheresheworksatB.inwhichsheworks C.forwhichsheworksinD.inwheresheworks 13.Thisisthemostdifficultbook_. A.whatIhavereaditB.whichIhavereadit C.IhavereadD.Ihavereadit 14.Thelastplace_wastheScienceMuseum. A.wevisitedB.wherewevisited C.whichwevisitedD.wewent 15.All_you havetodoistopressthebutton. A.whatB.whichC.forthatD.that 16.Heropinionisthesame_hermothers. A.thatB.asC.thanD.like 17.Peterlivesintheroom_windowopenstothesouth. A.whoseB.thatC.whichD./ 18.Didshetellyouanything_hadhappenedtoher? A.itB.thatC.whatD.which 19.Illneverforgetthedays_wespenttogetherfiveyearago. A.whichB.whenC.whereD.how 20.July1,1921wastheday_theCommunistPartyofChinawasfounded. A.thatB.onwhichC.whichD.onthat 21.Theplace_interestthechildrenmostistheChildrensPalace. A.whatB.thatC.whereD.inwhich 22.I,_yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout. A.whoisB.whoamC.thatisD.whatis 23.Thebraveman,_thetigerwasshot,isagoodhunter. A.ofwhomB.bythatC.bywhomD.bywhich 24.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,_hecouldseewhatwasgoingoninsidethehouse. A.onwhichB.atwhichC.throughwhichD.inwhich 25.Thisisthegirl_Ibelievewasthedriverofthecar. A.whoB.whomC.inwhomD./ 26.Myhometownisnolongerthesame_itusedtobe. A.likeB.thatC.asD.which 27.Youcantakeanyseat_isfree. A.inwhichB.thatC.whereD.onwhich 28.Shehasntgotenoughmoney_tobuytherings. A.forwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.which 29.Ivereadallthebooks_wereborrowedfromthelibrary. A.theyB.whereC./D.that 30.Isoxygentheonlygas_helpsfireburn? A.itB.whichC./D.that 31.TheSecondWorldWar_millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945. A.onwhichB.whereC.inthatD.duringwhich 32.Didyoutellyourmotherall_youhadseenonthewayhome? A.whatB.whyC.thatD.which 33.Itsoneofthemostimportantmeetings_thisyears. A.thathasbeenheldB.whichhasbeenheld C.thathavebeenheldD.whichhaveheld 34.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding_thereisawell. A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhose C.infrontofwhichD.inthefrontofwhich 35.Illnever.forgettheday_IjoinedtheLeague. A.onwhichB.whichC.inwhichD.atwhich 36.Sheshowedhernewwatchtomywife,_waskeptinabox. A.whoB.whichC.thatD.it 37.Shehadthreesons,all_becamedoctors. A.whoB.whoseC.ofwhichD.ofwhom 38.Thisisthenewtypeofplane_partsaremadeofplastics. A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whose 39._isknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry,belongingtothethirdworld. A.ItB.ThatC.AsD.Which 40.Isthistheleaningtower_Galileodidexperimentscenturiesago? A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when 41.MontBlanc_wevisitedlastsummeristhehighestmountaininEurope. A.whereB.thatC.whatD.which 42.Those_notonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed. A.learnB.whoC.thatlearnsD.wholearn 43.Didntyouseetheman_? A.InoddedjustnowB.whomInoddedjustnow C.InoddedtohimjustnowD.Inoddedtojustnow 44.Haveyouseenthegirl_? A.thatItoldB.Itoldyouof C.whomItoldyouD.Itoldyouofhim 45.Canyoulendmethenovel;_theotherday? A.thatyoutalkedB.youtalkedaboutit C.whichyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedabout 46.Who_hascommonsensewilldosuchathing? A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that 47.Thisisthebiggestlaboratory_wehaveeverybuiltinourschool. A.whichB.whatC.whereD./ 48.Isthereanything_toyou? A.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongsC.thatbelongD.whichbelongs 49.Pleasepassmethedictionary_coverisblack. A.whichB.whichofC.itsD.whose 50.Isthisthemuseum_youvisitedtheotherday? A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone 51.Howdoyoulikethebook?Itsquitedifferentfrom_Ireadlastmonth. A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat 52.Whichsentenceiswrong? A.ThefingerIdippedintothecupwasnottheoneIputitintomymouth. B.Doyouknowtheboywhojumpedontotheplatform? C.Scienceandnewtechnologyhavemadeitpossibleforfarmerstoproducemorefoodonthesameamountofland. D.Peopleinancienttimestookitforgrantedthatthesunmovedroundtheearth. 53.Antarctic_weknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround. A.whichB.whereC.thatD.aboutwhich 54.Maythefourthistheday_weChinesepeoplewillneverforget. A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhich 55.October1,1945istheday_thePeoplesRepublicofChinawasfounded. A.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthat 56.Asteelplantisaplace_Iamlongingtovisittheseyears. A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.towhere 57.Thisisjusttheplace_I amlongingtovisittheseyears. A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.towhere 58.The hotel_duringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside. A.westayedatB.wherewestayedat C.westayedD.inthatwestayed 59.Heisnot_afool_. A.such,asheislookedB.such,ashelooks C.as,asheislookedD.so,ashelooks 60.Hehastwosons,_workaschemists. A.twoofwhomB.bothofwhom C.bothofwhichD.allofwhom练习二1.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace.A. Which B. where C. what D. in which2.Do you know the man _?A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke3.This is the hotel _last month.A. which they stayed B. at that they stayedC. where they stayed at D. where they stayed4.Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. which B. that C. when D. on which5.That is the day _Ill never forget.A. which B. on which C. in which D. when6.The factory _well visit next week is not far from here.A. where B. to which C. which D. in which7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _we are working.A. where B. that C. which D. there8.This is one of the best films _.A. that have been shown this year B. that have shownC. that has been sho