Getting-Kids-Physically-Active：让孩子锻炼身体PPT课件

.,1,GettingKidsPhysicallyActive,AaronBeighle,Ph.D.,.,2,TheBeginning,UniversityofSouthFloridasPreventionResearchCenterCommunityBasedPreventionMarketinginLexingtonGrantAfter-schoolprogramstargetedby“Tweens”CoalitionCommissionedbytheDirectoroftheCoalition,AnitaCourtney,.,3,TheEvolution,StartedwithsixhoursoverthreeeveningsParticipantfeedbackMoreactivitiesforchildrenFewersessionsCreatedabookletManagementideasActivityideas,.,4,WorkshopOrganization,Part1ManagingstudentsinaphysicallyactivesettingPart2UnderstandphysicalactivitypromotionforyouthPart3Developmentallyappropriateactivitiesforyouth,.,5,Part1Managingchildreninaphysicallyactivesetting,.,6,Part1:KeyConcepts,StoppingandstartingchildrenConsistentsignalsGroupingchildrenHumaneandefficientEfficientequipmentretrievalSetupGivinginstructionsanddirectionsThoroughandconciseSimpleactivitiesandgamesFunforall,.,7,Part2Understandphysicalactivitypromotionforyouth,.,8,Fitness,Exercise,orActivity?,Fitness:Asetofattributesthatpeoplehaveorachieverelatingtotheirabilitytoperformphysicalactivity(USDHHS,1996)Exercise:Leisuretimephysicalactivityconductedwiththeintentionofdevelopingphysicalfitness.PhysicalActivity:Bodilymovementthatisproducedbythecontractionofskeletalmuscleandthatsubstantiallyincreasesenergyexpenditure(USDHHS,1996),.,9,PhysicalActivity,Dance,Exercise,Sports,Recreation,LeisureActivities,Others,.,10,Whyphysicalactivity?,InactivepeoplehavetwicetheriskofdevelopingheartdiseaseInactivityisaprimaryriskfactorforheartdisease(soaresmoking,highbloodpressure,andhighcholesterolReducesriskofcanceranddiabetesImprovespostureandreduceslowerbackpainIsaseffectiveaspsychotherapyfortreatingdepression,.,11,ActivityIsforAllYouth,RegularactivityforyouthincreasestheprobabilityofanactiveadultlifestyleYouthwhoareactiveat3or4yearsofage,aremoreactiveasadultsModerateactivityofferslifetimebenefitsActivityhelpsthosewhoneeditmost-unskilledandobeseyouth,.,12,WhytheConcernaboutInactivityamongYouth?,Apercentageofyouth(15-30%)areinactive.Otherreasonsforconcernare:Therapiddecreaseinactivityamongyouthwhentheyenteradolescence,particularlyfemalesTheincreaseinobesityamongyouthandadults,.,13,Howactivearethey?,.,14,Stepsacrossgradelevel,Meansteps/dayforfemaleandmalestudentsingrades1-12,LeMasurier,G.,Beighle,A.,etal,(2005)Pedometerdeterminedphysicalactivitylevelsofyouth.JournalofPhysicalActivityandHealth.,.,15,Whenareelementaryschoolstudentsactive?,Morgan,C.F.,Pangrazi,R.P.,&Beighle,A.(2003).Usingpedometerstopromotephysicalactivityinphysicaleducation.JournalofPhysicalEducationRecreationandDance,74(7),33-38.,.,16,PromotingActivity,.,17,Factors,EnvironmentStaffManagedMotivationStaffinteractionAppropriateActivitiesStaffdetermined,.,18,ManagingChildren,.,19,(teacher=anyoneworkingwithchildren),Whatisateacher?,.,20,AFriend?,FriendsplayfavoritesFriendswanttobelikedFriendspickwhotheywishtohelp,.,21,Aleader?,LeaderscareaboutallstudentsandtreatthemallfairlyLeadersearnrespectLeadershelpallstudentsLeaserareproudofwhattheydoLeadersareaboutpeopleLeaderswanttomakeapositivedifferenceinthelivesofallchildrenAreyoualeader?,.,22,UnderstandingYouth,ElementaryAgeChildrenLoveactivityanythingShortattentionspansConcretethinkersCuriousIndividualsSelf-centered,.,23,UnderstandingYouth,LateelementarytomiddleschoolPeeracceptanceisimportantSuccessisextremelyimportantActivitymaynotbecoolChangingbodiesCanbeemotionalStruggleforindependence,.,24,TeachersRoleinaPhysicalActivityProgram,1.TeachstudentstobegoodpeopleTeachersareagentsofchangeforsocietyIfwedontteachthemtobebetterpeoplewhowillMakeactivityfunSellit,.,25,Whatisthemostdifficultpartaboutworkingwithchildren?,.,26,Causesofmisbehavior,LookingforattentionLowself-esteemConfusedBored/NotchallengedDislikestheactivity/programExpectationsdifferentfromhomeorschoolday,.,27,DealingwithMisbehavior,ProductiveandunacceptablebehaviorarelearnedandcanchangeBeassertiveKnowtheroleofemotionDealwiththebehaviorimmediatelyThelongeryouwaitthemoredifficultitistochangeabehaviorReprimandingchildrenafteraclassordayisnoteffective,.,28,MoreDealingwithBehavior,Alwaysaddressthebehavior,notthechildSermonsorlecturesareineffectiveWorktoshapeonebehavioratatime,.,29,PreventingBehaviorProblems,Planahead.Knowwhatyouaregoingtodo.Howwillyoureact?CallattentiontodesirablebehaviorPositive,specificfeedbackisverypowerfulIdentifyyourleadersandproblemsrightawayModelyourexpectationsHow?,.,30,PreventingBehaviorProblems,AddressbehaviorPRIVATELYUnderstandhowfailureandfrustrationimpactbehaviorWhatdopeoplethatarefailingdo?ClownaroundMakenegativecommentsStoptryingDisruptothers,.,31,PreventingDisciplineProblems,SeparatestudentswhoarehavingproblemsTalkwithappropriateadultsearlyonParents?SupervisorNeverallowtheleastcooperativestudenttoruntheshow,.,32,ChangingBehavior,GettoknowkidsasindividualsWhatmakeseachofthemtick?KidsdontcarehowmuchyouknowReinforcedesiredbehaviorTellstudentswhatyouexpectandthenwhentheygiveittoyou,bombardthemwithSPFEvaluateandmodifywhatyouaredoingIsitworking?Whynot?,.,33,Whatdeterminesmisbehavior?,.,34,Rules/Expectations,Rulesshouldbegeneralandconcise3-5rulesatthemostClearlystatedinthepositiveRulesshouldteachbeingagoodperson,.,35,Rules/Expectations,Rulesreflectthevaluesoftheteacherand/ortheorganizationRulesmustbeobservableRulesmustbereasonablefortheageRulesshouldbedisplayedprominentlyForstudents,teachers,supervisors,etc.,.,36,Consequences(Mysuggestions),FirstWarningSecondWarningTO,childdecideswhentocomebackThirdWarningChildoutforrestoftimeIfyouhavekidsforover30minutes,startovereachhalfhourto45minutesSevereClause,.,37,UsingTimeOut,Itisonlyeffectiveiftheprogram/activityisfunStudentmustfaceawayfromtheactionEliminatesteacher/studentemotionIsbetterthanonechilddisruptingothersIsforeverydayproblemsIsconsistentwithsocietiesconsequencesIsaplaceto“Takeabreak”,cooldown,andreflectWhynotTOfortime?,.,38,RespondingtoMisbehavior,AvoidshowingtriggerpointsKeepcomposedAvoidinternalizingtheproblemControlyouremotionsDoyouhaveaplan?AvoidtakingitpersonallyThecauseofthebehaviorisprobablynotyouRememberkidshavebaddaystoo,.,39,DealingwithMisbehavior,DonotfeelthreatenedAcknowledgeyourfeelingsHowareyougoingtofeelwhenkidsdontlisten?Doyouhaveaplan?AvoidargumentsMoveawayDonteyeballthechild,.,40,DealingwithDeviantBehavior,AvoidaskingquestionsatthetimeAvoidtouchingAvoidcussingAvoidsarcasmDifficulttointerpretAvoidpunishingagroupfortheactionsofone,.,41,Whatareyouroptions?,IgnoreQuietWarningTimeoutSendtoyoursuperiorExplode?,.,42,Deliveringconsequences,Alwaysprivately,NEVERpubliclyAlwaysprivately,NEVERpubliclyAlwaysprivately,NEVERpublicly,.,43,DeliveringConsequences,Ifpublicly,whatcouldhappen?Itworks.TensionFracturerelationshipbetweenyouandthechildChildbecomestheheroClassseesyourtriggerpointsYOUNEVERKNOWWHENYOUAREGOINGTOCRUSHACHILD,.,44,D