高级英语完整The Sad Young Menppt课件

.,TheSadYoungMen,RodW.HortonandHerbertW.Edwards,Lesson5,.,TeachingPlan,.,TeachingObjectives,ToenablethestudentstogainsomebasicknowledgeoftheAmericanliteratureandhistoryabout“thelostgeneration”.Toenablethestudentstoknowthewritingstyleofaliterarycommentary.,.,TeachingFocus,BackgroundinformationaboutHemingwayandFitzgeraldCommonfeaturesofthelostgenerationTheliterarytheoryofwritingaliterarycommentary,.,TeachingMethods,Teacher-orientedteachingmethodStudent-orientedteachingmethodTheelicitedmethod,.,TeachingProcedure,.IntroductoryRemarks.BackgroundInformation.LearningFocus.KeywordsandExpressions.ExplanationoftheText,.,.DivisionoftheText.TheWritingStyle.RhetoricalDevices.Exercises,.,IntroductoryRemarks,.,.IntroductoryRemarks,describingaspecialgroupofpeople,whowereshockedanduprooteduprootforatimebutnever“lost”theRevoltoftheYoungerGeneration:themostinterestingaspectintheTwentiesinthe20thcentury,.,alogicaloutcomeofconditionsatthattime:theaftermathofWWIIandrisingofAmericaItstartedwithWWI,whichwhippeduptheenergiesoftheyouthandcreatedanenlistmentcraze.,.,afterhavingagoodtasteofthewar,theyreturnedhomeonlytofindthat:theycouldadjustthemselvesnomoretotheirhometowntheyrebelledintheformofcompletelyoverthrowingtheVictoriangentility,whichinitselfwasobsolescentinasocietyhighlyindustrialized.,.,youngintellectualsflockedtoliveinGreenwichVillage,aplacewellknownforBohemianismandeccentricitynon-intellectualsbegantoimitatetheirmanners,whichwasalsoawayfortheyouthtoescapetheirsocialresponsibilities,.,manyyoungintellectualswenttoliveinEuropeasexpatriates,duetotheirimitationandAmericasmaterialismalmostallofthemreturnedwithinafewyearsoutofhomesickness,.,temperedbytheirlifeofexpatriation,theyproducedtheliveliest,freshestandmoststimulatingworksinAmericasliteraryhistory,.,DetailedStudyoftheText,.,.BackgroundInformation,TheSadYoungMenandtheLostGenerationtheformer:thetitleofF.FitzgeraldsnovelAlltheSadYoungMenthelatter:aremarkmadebyGertrudeSteinwhooncesaidtoErnestHemingway,“Oh,youareallofyoualostgeneration”.,.,Theywerebothappliedtodisillusionedyoungintellectuals,whowerecutofffromtheoldvaluesandyetunabletocometotermswiththeneweraaftertheWWI.Sotheyrebelledagainstsocialconventionsbyalikeofdespairorcynicalhedonism.,.,BeatGenerationgroupofAmericanwritersofthe1950swhosewritingexpressedprofounddissatisfactionwithcontemporaryAmericansocietyandendorsedanalternativesetofvaluesThetermsometimesisusedtorefertothosewhoembracedtheideasofthesewriters.,.,Prohibitiontheforbiddingbylawofthemanufacture,transportation,andsaleofalcoholicliquorsforbeveragepurposes;specificallyintheU.S.,theperiod(19201933)ofprohibitionbyFederallaw,.,ThetermBeatGenerationwasfirstusedbyKerouacinthelate1940s.despairoverthebeatenstateoftheindividualinmasssocietyandbeliefinthebeatitude,orblessedness,ofthenaturalworldandintherestorativepowersofthebeatofjazzmusicandpoetry,.,.LearningFocus,CommonfeaturesofthelostgenerationThereasonsoftheemergenceandprosperityofthelostgenerationTheinformationandtheworksofthewriterswiththelostgeneration,.,.KeywordsandExpressions,nostalgic(adj.):lookingforsomethingfarawayorlongagoorforformerhappycircumstanceillicit(adj.):notallowedbylaw，custom，rule，etc：unlawful；prohibited,.,thrill(n.):tremorofexcitementspeakeasy(n.):slangaplacewherealcoholicdrinksaresoldillegally，esp.suchaplaceintheUSduringProhibition,.,denunciation(n.):theactofdenouncingamour(n.):aloveaffair，esp.ofanillicitorsecretnaturesedan(n.):anenclosedautomobilewithtwoorfourdoorsandtwowideseatsfrontandrear,.,naughty(adj.):improper，obscenejazzy(adj.):(aparty)playingjazzmusicflask-toting(adj.):alwayscarryingasmallflaskfilledwithwhiskyorotherstrongliquor,.,sheik(n.):(Americanism)amasterfulmantowhomwomenaresupposedtobeirresistiblyattractedvagary(n.):anodd，eccentric，orunexpectedactionorbitofconduct,.,flapper(n.):colloq(inthe1920s)ayoungwomanconsideredboldandunconventionalinactionsanddressperspective(n.):aspecificpointofviewinunderstandingorjudgingthingsorevents，esp.onethatshowsthemintheirtruerelationstooneanother,.,jazzmad(adj.):blindlyandfoolishlyfondofjazzmusicaftermath(n.):aresultorconsequence，esp.anunpleasantoneprovincial(adj.):narrow，limitedlikethatofruralprovinces,.,gentility(n.):hequalityofbeinggenteel；now，specifically，excessiveoraffectedrefinementandeleganceaggressiveness(n.):boldandenergeticpursuitofonesend，enterprise,.,bustle(v.):hurrybusilyorwithmuchfussandbothermedium(n.):environmentcatalytic(adj.):actingasthestimulusinbringingaboutorhasteningaresult,.,precipitate(v.):throwheadlong；causetohappenbeforeexpected，needed；bringonobsolescent(adj.):intheprocessofbecomingobsolete,.,mores(n.):customs，esp.thefixedortraditionalcustomsofasociety，oftenacquiringtheforceoflawsophistication(n.):thestateofbeingartificial，worldlywise，urbane，etc,.,faddishness(n.):thefollowingoffadshectic(adj.):characterizedbyexcitement，rush，confusion，etcgaiety(n.):cheerfulness；thestateofbeinggay,.,orgy(n.):anywildriotouslicentiousmerry-making；debaucheryspree(n.):alively，noisyfrolicreveler(n.):apersonwhomakesmerryorisnoisilyfestive,.,sober(v.):makeorbecomeserious，solemnprolong(v.):lengthenorextendintimeorspace,.,stalemate(n.):anyunresolvedsituationinwhichfurtheractionisimpossibleoruseless；deadlockinsolence(n.):beingboldlydisrespectfulinspeech-orbehavior；impudence,.,belligerent(adj.):atwar；ofwaradventurousness(n.):beingfondofadventure；willingnesstotakechancesstrenuous(adj.):vigorous，arduous,zealous，etc,.,perversion(n.):apervertingorbeingperverted；corruptionjingoism(n.):chauvinismcharacterizedbyanaggressive。threatening，warlikeforeignpolicy,.,fracas(n.):anoisyfight0rloudquarrel；brawlinfantry(n.):footsoldierscollectively；esp.thatbranchofanarmyconsistingofsoldierstrainedandequippedtofightchieflyonfoot,.,harass(v.):trouble，worryortorment，aswithcares,debts,repeatedquestions,etc.,.,sergeant(n.):noncommissionedofficerofthefifthgrade.rankingaboveacorporalandbelowastaffsergeantintheU.S.ArmyandMarineCorps;generally,anyofthenoncommissionedofficersintheU.S.armedforceswithsergeantaspartofthetitleoftheirrank,.,draft(n.):thechoosingortakingofanindividualorindividualsfromagroupforsomespecialpurpose，esp.forcompulsorymilitaryservicecarnival(n.):arevelingortimeofrevelry；festivity；merrymaking,.,contingent(n.):ashare,proportion，orquota，asoftroopsships。laborers，delegates,etcbombast(n.):talkorwritingthatsoundsgrandorimportantbuthaslittlemeaning；pompouslanguage,.,recession(n.):atemporaryfallingoff()fbusinessactivityduringaperiodwhensuchactivityhasbeengenerallyincreasingwhipup:rouse，excite,.,outmoded(adj.):nolongerinfashionoraccepted；obsoletesodden(adj.):dullorstupefied，asfromoverindulgenceinliquor,.,dubious(adj.):rousingsuspicion；feelingdoubt；skepticalflout(n.):bescornful；showcontempt；jeer；scoffconflagration(n.):abig,destructivefire,.,fast(adj.):livinginareckless,wild,dissipatedwaypulpit(n.):preacherscollectivelyvulgar(adj.):commontothegreatmassofpeopleingeneral：common；popular,.,avid(adj.):havinganintensedesireorcraving；greedysusceptible(adj.):easilyaffectedemotionally；havingasensitivenatureoffeelings,.,diatribe(n.):abitter，abusivecriticismordenunciationgrandiose(adj.):havinggrandeurormagnificenceimposing;impressiveally(v.):comebarktonormalstrength；revive,.,burden(n.):centralidea；themeadjunct(n.):athingaddedtosomethingelse;apersonconnectedwithanotherasahelperorsubordinateassociate,.,incompetent(n.):apersonwhoiscompletelyincapableexpatriate(v.):withdraw(oneself)fromonesnativelandorfromallegiancetoitdenominator(n.):asharedcharacteristic,.,iconoclastic(adj.):opposingtothereligioususeofimagesoradvocatingthedestructionofsuchimagessterile(adj.):barren；unfruitfulflay(v.):criticizeorscoldmercilessly,.,.ExplanationoftheText,Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?Howdothesewritersdevelopit?Thefirstparaisanintroductoryone,beginningbymentioningtheinterestintheTwentiesbyyoungpeopletoday.Inaddition,thesewritersdiscussthequestionsthatpresent-daystudentsareaskingtheirparentsandteachers:WastherereallyaYoungerGenerationproblem?Wereyoungpeoplereallysowild?,.,sensationallyromanticized:wastreatedinapassionate,idealizedmannertoshockthrillandrousetheinterestofpeopleNoaspectoflifemorecommentedthan:AfterWWI,duringthe1920s,everyaspectoflifeintheU.S.hasbeencommentedupon,buttheso-calledRevoltoftheYoungerGenerationhasbeenmorecommenteduponthanalltheotheraspect.,.,Theslightestmentionbytheyoung:Attheverymentionofthispost-warperiod,middle-agedpeoplebegintothinkaboutitlonginglyandyoungpeoplebecomecuriousandstartaskingallkindsofquestions.,.,Whatisbeentalkedaboutinnounphrase“memoriesofcountryroad”?Andthefollowingnounphrase“questionsaboutdrugstorecowboy”?Thelongnounphrasesarethenostalgicrecollectionsofthemiddle-aged,thefollowingnounphrasearesomeofthequestionsaskedbycuriousyoungpeople.,.,Whydotheythinktheanswerstosuchquestionsmustnecessarilybeboth“yes”and“no”?Peoplecannotgiveasimply“yes”or“no”answertosuchquestions,.,“yes”Problem:Intheprocessofgrowingup,duringtheperiodwhenchildrengrowuptobecomeadults,therealwaysexistsaYoungerGenerationProblem.Inthissensetheanswermustbe“yes”.,.,“no”jazzmadyouth:whenwelookbacknowtothosedaysandviewthingsintheirtruerelationstooneanother,weseethatthesocialbehavioroftheyoungpeoplewasnotverywild,irresponsible,andimmoral.Theirbehaviourwasfarfrombeingassensationalasthedegenerationofjazzmadyouth.Therefore,onthissense,theanswermustbe“no”.,.,therebellionwasnoconfinedcentury:therevoltoftheyoungdidnottakeplaceonlyintheU.S.,butaffectedallthecountriesintheWesternworld.TheirrevoltwastheresultorconsequenceofWWIthebiggestandmostseriouswarinahundredyears.,.,Wehadreachedborderingoceans:metaphor:provincialmorality-artificialwallsWehavebecomeaworldpowersowecannolongeronouractionjustfollowtheprinciplesofrightandwrongasacceptedinourowncountry,norcanweremainisolatedgeographicallyprotectedbytheAtlanticandPacificoceans.Inotherwords,theU.S.cannolongerpursueapolicyofisolationism.,.,Therejectioninevitable:Inanycase,Americacouldnotavoidcastingasideitsmiddle-classrespectabilityandaffectedrefinement.,.,Thustodate:Thusinaworldwhereeverythingwaschanging,ouryoungpeoplehadtotakeupthedemandingtaskofreformingourtraditionalsocialcustomsinordertokeepupwiththischangingworld.,.,Thustodate:Thusinaworldwhereeverythingwaschanging,ouryoungpeoplehadtotakeupthedemandingtaskofreformingourtraditionalsocialcustomsinordertokeepupwiththischangingworld.,.,magnolia-scented:itmayhavetheliteralmeaningofhavingthescentofthemagnolia.Thesoapoperawasputupbycompaniessellingmagnolia-scentedsoap.Itmayalsomean“verysweetandcloying”becausethemagnoliaflowerhasaverysweetscent.Finally,itmayalsomean“of,relatingto,orresemblingtheSouthofpre-civilwardays.”,.,Furthermoreandexciting:Furthermore,manyspeakersathighschoolmeetingstoldtheboysthathardlifeofthewarwouldhelptoformtheircharacter.Thesespeakersconvincedmorethanenoughtheseboys,whoweresensibleinmanyotherrespects,thatfightingintheEuropeanwarwouldbeofgreatvaluetothempersonally,inadditiontobeingidealisticandexciting.,.,Tothemyearsearlier:Theseyoungmenfeltverybitterwhentheyreturnedtotheirhometownwhichwasalmostunaffectedbythewar.Thenativepeopleherewerestilltakingpompouslyandpatrioticallyastheyoungmenthemselveshaddoneafewyearsago.Theyoungmenwhohadseenconsiderableactionwerenowdisillusionedandhardenedpeople.,.,Thereturningveteranprofiteers:ThereturningveteransoldiersalsohadtofacethestupidcynicismofthevictoriousalliesinVersailleswhoactedascynicallyasNapoleondid.TheyhadtofaceProhibitionwhichthelawmakershypocriticallyassumedwoulddogoodtothepeople.Andtheyalsohadtofacetheself-satisfiedpatrioticairofthewarprofiteers.,.,Beforelongirresistible:metonymy,pulpitrepresentingthechurch.Beforelongthismovementwasofficiallyacceptedasafactbythechurch,bythemoviesandmagazines,andbytheadvertisingagencies,buttheyshowedtheirrecognitionindifferentways.,.,Thechurchdenounceditfromthepulpit.Themoviesandmagazinespretendedtodenounceitbutinrealitysucceededinmakingitmoreattractivebydepictingitassth.naughty.Theadvertisingagenciesencourageditindirectlybyplayingupsexattractionintheiradvertisementssellingfromcigarettestoautomobiles.,.,mostifitsfollowedsuit:mostofthewriterswhocontributedtothebookCivilizationintheU.S.didastheyadvisedotherpeopletodoandleftforEurope.Manymoreartisticpeopleandthosewhohopedtobecomeartisticpeoplesomedayfollowedtheirexample.,.,Innosenseofthetimes:The“lostgeneration”wasinnowaysaliterarymovement.ItwasonlyanamegivenbyGertrudeSteintotheAmericanexpatriateslivinginParis.Yettheattitudeoftheseexpatriatewritersinfluencedotherwritersandtheirattitudewasalsoexpressedinmostofthewritingsoftheirtime.,.,couldneverbewrittenself-pity:noonecouldignorethisperiodandconsideritnon-productiveforthisdecadeproducedmanyfamouswriterssuchasDosPassos,Hemingway,EugeneONeill,F.ScottFitzgerald,etc.Eveninamomentofself-pitythesewritersthemselvescannotbutadmitthattheirdecadewasaveryproductiveone.,.,.DivisionoftheText,PartI(Para.1)introducingthesubject:lifeintheTwentiesbydescribingpeoplesreactiontoit,.,PartII(Para.2-9)sup