direct or indirect speech.ppt

Grammar,Directspeech&Indirectspeech,1.陈述句的间接引语连接词用that,在口语中可省略。引述动词用said,told,等。例如：Hesaid:“Iveleftmybookinmyroom.”Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.,复习规律,2.疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接词用if或whether，而引述选择疑问句时只能用whether，引述动词用asked，没有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me,him等。例如：ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?”SheaskedTomif/whetherhecouldhelpher.,3.特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序。例如：,TheteacheraskedmehowIhadrepairedit.,Theteacherasked,“howdidyourepairit?”,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在完成时,过去完成时,时态的变化,Thegeographyteachertoldusthatthesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.,谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：,1.直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变,Thegeographyteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.”,(2)直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时,时态不变XiaoWangsaid.“IwasbornonApril2l,1980.”,XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980.,(3)直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的,变间接引语时，时态保持不变。,Theboysaidtous,“Iusuallygetupatsixeveryday.”,Theboytoldusheusuallygetsupatsixeveryday.,(4).若直接引语中含有when,since,while等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句,变间接引语时,从句时态不变。如：Shesaid,“IwenttherewhenIwassixyearsold.”,Shesaidshehadgonetherewhenshewassixyearsold.,(5).若直接引语的谓语中含有would,should,might,must,usedto,oughtto,hadbetter等动词时。如：Shesaid,“Weshouldhelpeachother.”,Shesaidweshouldhelpeachother.,直接引语,间接引语,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语,方向性动词,this,that,these,those,now,then,today,thatday,thisweek,thatweek,yesterday,thedaybefore,lastweek,theweekbefore,fourdaysago,fourdaysbefore,thedaybeforeyesterday,twodaysbefore,tomorrow,thenextday,nextmonth,thenextmonth,here,there,come,go,bring,take,祈使句的直接引语和间接引语,Nowwouldyoupleaseshowmewhichofthemarecommandsandwhicharerequestsinthefollowing?1Closethedoor!2Wouldyoupleasehelpmecarrythecase?3Getmesomethingtodrink4Couldyoupleaselendme100dollar?5Pleaseturnoffthelights.6Dontsmokehere7.Willyoucleantheblackboard?8Cleanthetableplease.,Sentencepatternforcommands:Do/Donotdo.Sentencepatternforrequests:Doplease./Canyoudo?/Couldyoudo?/Willyoudo?/Wouldyoudo?Willyoudo?/Wouldyoudo?Thenifwewanttochangethemintoindirectspeech,weshoulddolikethis:Commands:sb.Told/orderedsb.(not)todosthRequests:sb.Askedsbelse(not)todosth,CONCLUSIONS:,如果祈使句是表示请求，间接引语的动词常用ask，如果是表示命令，间接引语的动词常用tell,order,command等。,例如:1.Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Dontwasteyourtime.”,ThemotheraskedTomtogetupearly.,2.Themothersaid,“Tom,getupearly,please.”,Theteachertoldthestudentsnottowastetheirtime.,例如：Hesaid,Letsgotothefilm.Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.,直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动名词（或从句）,Hesaid,“Mysisterwashereforthreedays.”Hesaidthat_sister_threedays.2.Shesaid,”Illgotheretomorrow.”Shesaidthat_gothere_.,his,hadbeen,therefor,shewould,thenextday,练一练,3.Shesaid,“Didyouseehimlastnight?”She_me_him_.4.“Whendidyougotobedlastnight?”FathersaidtoPeter.Father_Peter_thenight_.,asked,if/whetherIhadseen,thenightbefore,asked,whenhewentto,before,bed,ChangethesesentencesintoIndirectSpeech.Hesaidtome:“Dontsmokeinthisroom.”Hesaidtome:“Couldyoupleasehelpmewithmywork?”,EXERCISE:,ChangethefollowingsentencesintoDirectSpeech.Thelandladyaskedhimtoputhiscoatinthecloset.Theyoungfat