大学英语听说3教案

College English (Listening and Speaking) Unit 1 Reservations. New Words and Expressions1. double room 双人间 single room 单人间2. be full up: to be completely full. eg: The bus is full up. be booked up eg: The hotel is booked up.3. guesthouse: a private house where visitors may stay and have meals for pay.小旅馆4. reserve: prearrange/book to keep something( hotel room, etc.) for a customer. reservation: Have you made the flight reservations yet?5. inn: a small, usually an old hotel which also serves food and drink.小旅馆客栈6. bad language: words generally considered impolite and rude.污言秽语7. operator n.接线员 总机 reception desk接待处 information desk 总台 服务台8. turn down: refuse 拒绝 I applied for the job but they turned me down.9. deceive: v. cheat 欺骗. Language and Culture Notes1. Long-haired rock musiciansProfessional musicians who play rock music and who wear long hair. “Rock music” is a style of music which dominated popular music in the West in the mid 1950s. It started from about 1955 in the United States and evolvable from a broad field of cultures and musical traditions, including gospel music, the blues, country bad Western music and popular music of Asia, Africa and Latin America during the mid and late 1960s. A major rock music style is “rock and roll” which originated in the United States in the 1950s, and came largely from music of the American South.2. The band used bad languageThe band members used words generally considered impolite and rude, which offended other guests staying in the hotel. Thats one of the reasons why the hotel manager refuses to accept the bands reservation.3. its short notice for me, too. News of the important meeting was given to the woman just a short time ago, which made it impossible for her to make an appointment with Marcel well in advance. Its rather urgent that she have her hair done properly for the meeting. Here, the expression “short notice” refers to “information that something will soon happen.” We can also say “a moments notice,” which indicates that something will happen immediately.Oral Practice Making Reservations Situations:1. Two of your friends are coming to visit your city. They ask you to reserve a hotel room for them. Call the hotel and make a reservation.2. You want to take your two friends to a local hotel. Call and book a table at the restaurant.useful expressions1.For CustomersId like to book/make a reservation for a double room/ a single room for Friday night.Id like to have a double room for three nights, from March 8 to 10.Can I have a room facing the courtyard?If I cancel the reservation, can I have refund of my deposit?Do you have any seats left for the concert on Sunday night?Could you let me know if theres a cancellation?2.For Reservation ClerksWould you like a single or double room?How many nights will you be staying? /How long are you planning to stay?If you cancel your reservation within a week, your deposit is fully refundable. We only charge a small amount of processing fee.Im sorry but were all booked up. / Im afraid we have no vacancies on that day.We have some seats left in the balcony. How many do you want?Could you give me your name and phone number, please?Unit 2 Animals and Pet. Language and Culture Notes1. RottweilerA breed of large, strong and intelligent dogs with black hair bad tail to dark brown markings, often used for police work, with a reputation for ferocity. Its name comes from Rottwell, the name of a town in the southwest of Germany.2. Siberian tigerstigers of a large and endangered species with long thick hai,usually found in the southeast of Siberia (a vast region of Russia) and the northeast of China.3. NanhuiOne of the suburban districts in Shanghai, on the east side of Huangpu River. The district was originally a country set up in 1726 with a population of over 700,000. It is one of the areas famed for fish and rice on the south side of the Yangtze. Luchaogang port, which lies in the southeast end of Nanhui, is the gateway of Shanghai to the sea. Oral Practice1.Pair WorkMake short conversations of your own based on the given lead. Try to use in your conversations structures that contain “asas” where necessary. 2. RetellingWork in pairs and take turns to retell a story you felt excited about. You may use the following questions as guidelines:1) Where did the story take place?2) What happened to you?3) Why you felt excited?Unit 3 Age. Listening Practice1. Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks.Now, the VOA Special English program, Words and Their Stories.A persons name is very important. Some names also have special meanings in popular American expressions. To better understand what I mean, sit back and listen. You might even want to get a cup of Joe, I mean, a cup of coffee.One day, an average Joe was walking down the street. An average Joe is a common person either male or female. This average Joe was lost. He did not know Jack about where he was going. By this, I mean he did not know anything about where to find things in the city.So average Joe asked John Q. Public for directions to the nearest bank. John Q. Public is also a common person male or female.“Jeez Louise,” said John Q. Public. This is an expression of surprise. “Jeez Louise, dont you know that all banks are closed today? It is Saturday.”“For Petes sake,” said average Joe. This is also an expression used to show a feeling like surprise or disappointment.“For Petes sake, I do not believe you,” said average Joe. He was being a doubting Thomas, someone who does not believe anything he is told.At that moment, Joe Blow was walking down the street with a woman. Joe Blow is also an expression for a common man. Now this Joe Blow was not walking next to a plain Jane. A plain Jane is a woman who is neither ugly nor pretty. She is simply plain. No, the woman with Joe Blow was a real Sheila a beautiful woman.Average Joe asked the woman if all banks were closed on Saturday. “No way, Jose,” she answered. This is a way of saying “no.” “No way, Jose. Many banks are open on Saturdays.”Average Joe did not know either of these two people from Adam. That is, he did not know them at all. But he followed their directions to the nearest bank.When he arrived, he walked to the desk of the chief bank employee. Now this man was a true Jack of all trades. He knew how to do everything.“Im here to withdraw some money so I can pay my taxes to Uncle Sam,” said average Joe. Uncle Sam represents the United States government. The banker produced some papers and told average Joelton sign his John Hancock at the bottom. A John Hancock is a persons signed name a signature. Historically, John Hancock was one of the signers of the United States Declaration of Independence. Hancock had a beautiful signature and signed his name larger than all the others.As average Joe left the bank he began to sing. But sadly, average Joe was not a good singer. He was a Johnny One Note. He could only sing one note.This VOA Special English program, Words and Their Stories, was written by Jill Moss. Im Faith Lepidus.2. Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks.Now, the VOA Special English program, Words and Their Stories.Americans often use expressions about animals.In 2008, the main candidates for president each used this expression: You can put lipstick on a pig, but it is still a pig. This means that it is a waste of time to change something from ugly or unpleasant-looking to beautiful.There are other expressions about improving a pigs appearance, like this one: A hog in a silk waistcoat is still a hog. Hogs are similar to pigs, only bigger. Americans use many other expressions about pigs, hogs and female hogs called sows. Like this one: You cannot make a silk purse out of a sows ear. This means you cannot create something valuable from something that has no value.“In a pigs eye” is another unusual expression. It means something that is not so, or will never happen. Then there is the expression “casting pearls before swine.” Unit 4 Personal Budgets. New Words and Expressions1. personal budget 个人预算 make a budget 作预算 month-by-month budget a.(ad.) 逐月的预算 monthly budget 月预算2. run out of money 花光 be short of money 缺钱 cut down on expense 削减开支3. conduct a survey 进行民意调查4. be on sale 促销,减价5. plain a. common, average 普通的 一般的 朴素的6. burglary n. 入室盗窃7. financial consultant 经济顾问8.breadwinner 养活家人的人9.overdraft n. 透支（的款项）. Background InformationAbout stores and goods1.Thrift store: a store selling second-hand clothes and other goods, usu. to collect funds for churches or charitable institutions.一种以赢利为目的的二手货商店,也是慈善机构用于销售捐赠品的商店。他们收集旧货，把旧货翻新整理,然后出售,所以，在这样的商店买的东西比普通商店的便宜很多。此外美国还有很多折扣商店(rebate store)。折扣商店通常设在房租低廉的地区。这里没有什么额外服务，但是商品价格要比其他地方低 20-25%。折扣商店主要出售家用电器产品，顾客可以先从商品目录中选择商品，然后填表、付款，等服务员叫到名字时前去领货。如果到多数折扣商店买摄影材料、家庭用品、书籍、唱片及其他非私人用品，可以省点钱。还有一种叫“跳瘙市场”(flea market), 是很多经营旧货的小业主在固定地点有规律的聚集销售的地方。如果你仔细挑选的话，也能找到物美价廉的商品。如果你是在 flea market 买东西的话，讨价还价用 Could you give me a better price? 如果原本一个20美金的手表，对方愿意让价，告诉你说,“15 dollars, final price.”意思就是“15美金，最低价。”如果再往下杀价，他就会来这么一句,“Take it, or leave it.”就是我们常说的,“要就拿走，不要就算了。” 在thrift store，rebate store或者flea market精心挑选,有可能买到物美价廉的商品。 2. Shopping mall 一般指位于城市繁华闹市的步行购物街，在北京和上海，王府井和南京路都可以算得上是shopping mall了。在美国也有一些mall是在不太繁华但交通便利的地方。说到购物的场所，可以说是五花八门了，在美国，大型的购物场所首推商业中心 (Market)。所谓商业中心,是由数百家专业商店聚集在一起组成的，它是美国郊区生活的一大特色，特点是都设有供顾客使用的大型停车场。商业中心内除了专业商店外，往往还有百货公司的分店。目前美国新开的商业中心内常有圈起来的林荫道，并且举办各种娱乐节目，颇似旧日的市镇广场。中国现在的超级市场(Supermarket)也是来源于美国的。它是美国最大众化的商店，人们可以随意选择自己所需要的食品及其他商品，然后到出口处计价。这些市场货色多时可达8000种。在那里不仅可以买到普通商品，还可买到许多美国特产。超级市场多由各公司组成，分别在同一商场内经营，互相竞争。场外有停车场，门前备有轻便手推车。百货商店(department store)比起超级市场更有气派，里面的商品价格也随之抬高。这里有宽大的店堂和彬彬有礼的售货员，有些百货商店在自动电梯旁专设一位店员，笑容可掬地迎接每一位顾客。百货商店出售的商品可多达 16 万种。多数百货公司楼下入口处附近设有问询处。电梯附近有介绍每层楼商品的说明。有的百货公司采取“自助式”，顾客自己选好所需要的商品，拿到收款柜台去付款。还有一种门面较小的商店叫fancy shop。它的规格较高: 顾客进门，服务员殷勤迎接，甚至茶点相待。如在服装店中，有专门的模特儿身着各式服装，帮助顾客选购。但这种商店的商品价格比其他店要高出几十倍甚至上百倍。 Outlet是一种特殊的购物场所，名品折扣商店。Outlet一般位于郊远地区,很多很多的各种品质精良的名牌的过季商品在那里出售。Outlet的规模十分之大,商品的包装较差, 也没有很好的服务,但是商品的质量非常好, 而且价格十分的便宜。Garden sell 夏天的时候，把家里不用的东西摆在自家院子里出售，价格相当便宜。主人会在之前几天手写广告贴在附近的电线杆或墙上。Farm market 地头市场。大概每周有一次，主要卖homemade或现场加工的东西，主要是手工制品。3.“降价出售”除了用 on sale这个短语之外还可以用 on discount 来表示。 在店里如何辨别哪些商品是打折呢？一般说来，商品旁写着 sale, on discount 或 promotion就是告诉顾客这种商品是折价出售的。如果商品旁标明是 20% off是什么意思呢？对了，就是我们说的“打8折。”那么“7 折”当然就是 30% off 啦。如果你买的是打折商品，一般的商家都会提前告诉你No refund for discount goods。意思就是“特价商品，恕不退换。”所以要小心啦。 4. I cut coupons out of the newspaper.当你随意翻开一本美国杂志时,一定会发现一些花花绿绿的优惠券,这就是 coupon。这是商家的一种促销手段但既然有实实在在的优惠,当然是不错的了。拿着coupon去消费，一般都可以打折或是获赠一些小礼品。只要是在美国呆过的人,都知道利用coupon来省钱的道理!那什么是double coupon呢? 它是在美国的一家很有名叫Kroger的grocery store,为了促销, 所推行的一种政策。他们宣称拿着50c的coupon去他们的店里买东西,就可以折价1元,折价的金额足足多了一倍, 多余的这50c是Kroger给顾客的优惠。但是也有一些限制,例如,每张coupon的面额不得超过75c,而且对同样一个商品,double coupon只能使用一次。 Unit 5 Sports. New Words and Expressions奥运村 Olympic Village 组委会 organization committee 开幕式 opening ceremony 闭幕式 closing ceremony残奥会 the Paralympics 吉祥物 mascot 颁奖台 podium 终生禁赛 life ban奥运火炬 Olympic Torch 奥运标志 Olympic symbol奥运格言 Olympic Mott 火炬接力 torch relay国际奥委会 International Olympic Committee 奥运场馆群 cluster奥运会会歌 Olympic Anthem 奥运会选手 Olympians奥运会会徽 Olympic emblem 奥运会形象 Olympic Image奥运会会歌 Olympic anthem 奥运会代表团 Olympic Delegation 奥运会选拔赛 Olympic Trial . Background Information1.The Olympic Green奥林匹克公园,为2008年奥运会兴建。2.green, high-tech and people friendly Olympic Games绿色奥运,科技奥运,人文奥3.bid for the Olympic Games申办奥运会4.四大满贯是网坛最引人注目的赛事澳大利亚网球公开赛：时间在1月底至2月初。 地点在澳大利亚的墨尔本的国家网球中心。 除了最初两周的热身赛，这是年初几乎是最早的、也最引人注目的硬地赛事。 法国网球公开赛：时间在5月底至6月初 地点在法国首都巴黎的罗兰.加洛斯球场。是一年中红土赛事的高潮也是大体的结束，此后只有零星几个泥地赛事。 温布尔登网球锦标赛：时间在6月底至7月初地点在伦敦的温布尔登球场。 在各种赛事中有最悠久的历史，在一年为数不多的草地赛事中是传统的象征。 美国网球公开赛：时间在8月底至9月初 地点在纽约的国家网球中心。是美国文化的另一种演绎。随着网球运动的发展，经历了草地、泥地、硬地等不同材质球场。以喧闹著称。在球场可以看见头顶上的航班来回经过，在四大公开赛中绝无仅有。5.carpet slippers 用绒毡做的室内男用拖鞋6.the five interlocking rings on the Olympic flag. 相扣的 连结的奥运五环代表五大洲。黄色是亚洲，黑色是非洲，蓝色是欧洲，红色是美洲，绿色是大洋洲。五环环环相扣，象征着五大洲人民的团结，共振奥运精神！The Olympics five wreaths represent five greatest continents. The yellow is Asia, black is Africa continent, blue is Europe, the red is America, the green is Oceania. Five wreaths button up mutually, symbolizing the five greatest continents peoples incorporation, resonance the Olympics spirit!. Oral Practice1. Pair WorkSituations:1) Exchange information with a classmate on your sports, teams and players.2) You missed a game on TV. Ask a friend about the result and other details you want to know about the game.Talking About Sports, Teams and PlayersYou can use the following sentences and structures:Whats your favorite sports? /What sports do you like best?What position /place does he play on the team?My favorite sports to play /watch areIm a big sports fan. I watch all kinds of sports, especially tennis.Talking About a Game Which teams are playing?Which team do you think will win?What was the score?The score wasThe home team was leading at half-time by a score of 47 to 43. It was a very close match.What a perfect shot/ goal!2. RetellingRecount the conversation “Do You Like Sports?” in your own words. Work in pairs. Unit 6 Transportation . New Words and Expressions1.definitely ad. 明确地 清楚地2.tunnel n. 隧道3. commute v. 往返于两地4. relatively ad. 比较而言 相对地5. magnetically activated 靠磁力推动的6. behind the times 过时 落伍7.update v. 更新8. shuttle n. 穿梭运输9. accommodate v. 容纳10. refuel v. 加油11. in that case if so, if that is the case, under the circumstance12. fare(s) n. 费用 票价13. waterproof a. 防水的14. dissatisfied a. 不满意的15. infrastructure n. 基础（结构）16. alternative n. 替代物 可选择的东西.Language and Culture Notes1. airplanes use a lot of their fuel just getting into the air.Airplanes use much fuel to produce power to get them into the air whether it is for a long flight or a short one. On a short trip it seems a lot of waste of energy. Whats more, the burned fuel will get into cause air pollution.2. a double yellow lineTwo parallel yellow lines to indicate “No parking” in the UK. In the USA, it is a single yellow line. 3. a car park An open ground reserved for parking. The American term for this is a parking lot. A fee is required for parking your car there.4. speed limitThere is a maximum speed limit on the roads in Britain and many other countries. Along the roads signs are placed to notify drivers at what speed they can drive. Speed limit varies fro, 80 mph on the highway to about 30 mph on a country road. Drivers who fail to observe the speed limit will be fined I they are caught by a traffic policeman.Oral Practice 1. Pair WorkThe phrase in that case means “if so; if that is the case; under the circumstance”. It is often used together with “will have to” or “must”, etc. Now use this expression to respond to the following situations according to the models.1) A: Im sorry, professor, but I havent finished my paper.B: In that case, Ive have to fail you/ Ill give you another day/ youll have to take it to my office before Friday. 2)A: Im working early tomorrow morning.B: In that case, youll have to get up early/ set the alarm clock/ go to bed early tonight / ask someone to wake you up early.2. RetellingRecount the conversation “Is This Your Car?” in your own words. Work in pairs.Unit 7 Comparisons . Background Information1. kiwi fruit 猕猴桃kiwi-fruit可以用来形容甜美的女生1962年,一个叫Frieda Caplan的美国女士经营的一家公司(Produce Specialties, Inc.，现名Friedas Inc.)，应客户要求，开始从新西兰进口猕猴桃。因为那时的美国人对猕猴桃还比较陌生，第一批1000只猕猴桃，Caplan用了数月才售完。有水果商建议Caplan采用新西兰特有的 Kiwi鸟来命名该水果，因为Kiwi鸟也有类似猕猴桃那样毛茸茸的羽毛，颜色也相差不远。Kiwi鸟是尾巴翅膀极短不会飞的鸟，非常珍贵，只在新西兰僻静的丛林里才能见到， 所以成为新西兰的国鸟。 Kiwi鸟为新西兰人骄傲，新西兰人也自称为Kiwi。于是Caplan就将这个主意告诉了新西兰的种植商，他们当然高兴，于是命名为Kiwifruit，听上去倒是象新西兰土生土长的水果了。也有人认为此名在五十年代就开始用了。而在美国出版的 WEBSTERS 英文大词典上，标出Kiwifruit一词最早出现于一九六六年。不管如何，猕猴桃从此开始渐渐受欢迎，并以此名享誉世界。猕猴桃在我国已有一千三百多年的栽培历史，早在1849年已为外国引种。英国、美国、新西兰等都是最早的引种国，现在已被引种到欧洲、美洲和澳洲。目前猕猴桃在新西兰，意大利等国成为果品产业的支柱产业之一。2. 感恩节11月的第四个星期四是感恩节。感恩节是美国人民独创的一个古老节日，也是美国人合家欢聚的节日，因此美国人提起感恩节总是备感亲切。 感恩节是美国国定假日中最地道、最美国式的节日，它和早期美国历史最为密切相关。1620年，一些朝拜者乘坐五月花号船去美洲寻求宗教自由。他们在海上颠簸了两个月之后，终于在酷寒的十一月里，在现在的马莎塞州的普里茅斯登陆。在第一个冬天，半数以上的移民都死于饥饿和传染病，活下来的人们在第一个春季即1621年开始播种。整个夏天他们都热切地盼望着丰收的到来，他们深知自己的生存以及殖民地的存在都将取决于即将到来的收成。最后，庄稼获得了意外的丰收，为了感谢上帝赐予的丰收，举行了3天的狂欢活动。从此，这一习俗就沿续下来，并逐渐风行各地。1863年，美国总统林肯宣布每年十一月的第四个星期四为感恩节。感恩节庆祝活动便定在这一天，直到如今。届时，家家团聚，举国同庆，其盛大、热烈的情形，不亚于中国人过春节。感恩节庆祝模式许多年来从未改变。丰盛的家宴早在几个月之前就开始着手准备。人们在餐桌上可以吃到苹果、桔子、栗子、胡桃和葡萄，还有葡萄干 布丁、碎肉馅饼、各种其他食物以及红莓苔汁和鲜果汁，其中最妙和最吸引人的大菜是烤火鸡( roast turkey )和南瓜馅饼( pumpkin pie )，这些菜一直是感恩节中最富于传统和最受人喜爱的食品。人人都赞成感恩节大餐必需以烤火鸡为主菜。火鸡在烘烤时要以面包作填料以吸收从中流出来的美味汁液，但烹饪技术常因家庭和地区的不同而各异，应用什么填料也就很难求得一致。另外，加拿大的感恩节是在十月的第二个星期一。 3. 传统感恩节火鸡美国人吃火鸡时多数是焖烤。通常是把火鸡肚子里塞上各种调料和拌好的食品，然后用烧烤袋包好，整只烤出，按照食谱，一只20磅左右的火鸡要烤上4个小时，直到火鸡完全熟烂了。烧火鸡的汁，会被用来制成黏稠的肉酱，伴上甜甜的红莓果酱，作为火鸡的调料。 .Oral Practice 1. Communicative Function: Making ComparisonsMaking Comparisons:What s the difference between the two products?How do you compare Shanghai with Beijing?This is the most delicious ice cream Ive ever had.He ears a lot of junk food and so do I/ but I dont.The two brothers are quite/ comparatively/ entire different/ dont have anything in common.In contrast to her sister, she is shy and quite.Now use the sentences or structures above to make comparisons about something you are interested in. 2. RetellingIn the two passages youve heard in this unit, the speaker describes two rooms and discusses what each room tells about the person who lives in it. Retell in your own words what the speaker says about the room in Passage 1 and its occupation. Unit 8 Office work . Background Information1. finance office 财办finance section 财务部Chief Financial Officer CFO 首席财政官或财务总