七年级上语法情态动词期末复习.ppt

GrammarModalverbs,情态动词本身有一定的意义无人称和数的变化通常不带to表示说话人的语气或情绪,语法特征,Imsotired!Ihavetodothetrainingforatleast10hoursaday!,1.Obligation(义务):,yethemustworkhardtowinthegoldmedal.,AlthoughLiuXiangissogiftedinhurdlerace,1.must,1)表示必须、必要。是说话人的主观看法Youmustcomeintime.在回答must引出的问句时，否定回答不能用mustnt（禁止，不准），而用neednt,donthaveto（不必）.-Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?-Yes,youmust.-No,youdonthaveto/youneednt.,2)表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）表示“肯定”1YoureTomsgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.2Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.,ShiDongpengmightwinamedalattheOlympicGames.,Althoughthechanceofwinningamedalissmall,Illtrymybest!,2.Certainty(可性):may,might,mayandmight,表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式否定回答时可用cant或mustnt，表示“不可以，禁止”。-Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?-No,youmustnt.-May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom?-Yes,youcan.(No,youcant/mustnt.)用MayI.？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用CanI.？在口语中更常见。,2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。,Mayyousucceed!,3)表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。,might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。1Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.2Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.,3.Ability(能力):,LiuXiangcanrunthe110mhurdleracewithin13seconds.,3、can,could,1)表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。Canyouliftthisheavybox?（体力）Marycanspeakthreelanguages.（知识）Canyouskate?（技能）,此时可用beableto代替。can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而beableto则有更多的时态，如wasableto,willbeableto。Illnotbeabletocomethisafternoon.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用beableto，不能用can。如：Hewasabletogotothepartyyesterdayeveninginspiteoftheheavyrain.,2)表示请求和允许。,-CanIgonow?-Yes,youcan./No,youcant.此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。-CouldIcometoseeyoutomorrow?-Yes,youcan.(No,Imafraidnot.),3)表推测可能性。,肯定句中：can表示理论上的可能性；may表示事实上的可能性，如：InShanghai,sometimesitcanbereallycold.Tommaygocampingwithustomorrow,butheisnotsure.否定句和疑问句中，只能用can表猜测可能性。Someoneisknockingatthedoor,andwhocanitbe?ItcantbeTombecausehehasgonetoBeijing.,4.Makingsuggestions(提出建议):,Shallwedothetraininginthemorning?,Itstoohottotakeexerciseintheafternoon.,4、shall,shall用于第一人称（I,we)的疑问句，征求对方的意见。ShallIcleantheroomforyou?Whatshallwedothisevening?Whenandwhereshallwemeet?,2)shall用于第二、三人称的肯定句，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。Youshallfailifyoudontworkhard.(警告)2.HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.(允诺)3.Heshallbepunished.(威胁),5.Givingadvice(提出意见):,Youshouldnot/oughtnottoeatsomuchbeforerunning.,Howdelicious!,5.should,表示“应该”，常用来表示劝告、建议；认为“某人应该做某事”或“有义务责任做某事”。Weshouldobeytrafficlaws.YoushouldntwatchTVeveryday。Tomshouldhavebroughthisreporttoday.这时它可以和oughtto，besupposedto互换使用,6.Makingoffers(提供帮助):,Dontworry,dear,Iwillwashthemrightaway.,Mom,mydirtyclotheshavebeenpiledup!Idonthavetime,6will和would,1)表示意志或意愿：会，将会，愿意Wewilldoourbesttosavethechild.我们会尽力抢救这个孩子。Itoldhertostopcrying,butshejustwouldntlisten.我叫她别哭,可她就是不愿听。,2)表示请求、建议或征求对方意见时，用Wouldyou?比用Willyou?更婉转。如：,Will/Wouldyoupleasekeepthedooropen?请让门开着好吗？,7need,1need作情态动词无人称或数的变化，后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。如：Youneedntworry.你不必担心,2由need引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或haveto;否定答语常用neednt.如：,NeedIanswerthequestion?我需要回答那个问题吗？Yes,youmust.-Yes,youhaveto.是的，你必须回答。-No,youneednt./youdonthaveto不，不必了。,need做行为动词,needsthneedtodosthneeddoing=needtobedone表被动否定：dontneed,7dare敢,通常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中Dareyouaskhim?你敢问他吗？Shedarenotask.,注意：dare可做行为动词,1.过去式dared如：Noonedaredspeakofit.没有人敢提及此事。2.Howdareyou/he/she/they?表示说话人对某人的行为表示愤慨。如：Howdareyouaskmesuchaquestion?你怎敢问我这样的问题?3.Idaresay表示“我相信，我认为，可能”。如：Idaresayyouareright.我认为你是对的,【考点链接】判断下列句子的正误,并将错误的句子改正过来(1)Whosayshedarenotdoit.()解析:dare后直接用not构成否定,是情态动词,本身没有时态、人称的变化,后接动词原形,故正确.,正确,(3)Howdareyousaythattome？()解析:因将dare调到主语前构成疑问句,dare是情态动词,后接原形,故正确.,正确,(4)Youdontneeddoitatonce.()解析:由dontneed可知,need是实义动词,其后应当接todo,句中少了to,故错误.,错误在need后加上to,(5)Heneedsgowithyou.()解析:由needs有人称和数的变化可知,它是实义动词,应接todo,句中少了to,故错误.,错误在needs后加上to,对过去推测的用法,1.musthavedone过去肯定做了某事Sincetheroadiswet,itmusthaverainedlastnight.不存在mustnthavedone的形式。其否定或疑问形式须用can(could)来表示.例如：Hecanthavemissedtheway.Idrewhimamap.,may/mighthavedone,Icantfindmykeys.Imay/mighthaveleftthemattheschoolyesterday.我找不到我的钥匙了。我可能昨天把他们落在学校了。Johnmay/mightnothavepassedtheexam;helooksverysad.约翰可能没有通过考试。他看起来很忧伤。,【例1】WheresMrLi?Ihavesomethingunusualtotellhim.You_findhim.He_Japan.2003黑龙江A.maynot,hasgonetoB.maynot,hasbeentoC.cant，hasgonetoD.cant,hasbeento,C,【例2】CouldIlookatyourpictures?Yes,ofcourseyou_.2003武汉A.couldB.canC.willD.might,B,典型例题解析,【例3】WhereisJack，please?He_beintheclassroom.2003杭州A.canB.needC.wouldD.must,D,【例4】TheboysaidhehadtospeakEnglishinclass，buthespeakitafterclass.2003，广州A.couldB.didnthavetoC.mightD.shouldnt,B,典型例题解析,【例5】Thesebooks_outofthereadingroom.Youhavetoread,themhere.2003，辽宁A.canttakeB.mustbetakenC.cantakeD.mustntbetaken,D,典型例题解析,1._Iopenthewindow?Itshothere.A.MustB.ShallC.WillD.Would2.GoandaskMrLiu.He_tellyou.A.mayB.canC.wouldD.could3._youpleasetellmethetimeplease?A.ShallB.WillC.MayD.Might4._Itryoutalltheideas?No,you_.A.Must,mustntB.Need,needC.Must,donthavetoD.Must,dont5._IspeaktoMrGreen，please?A.WillB.CouldC.MustD.Would,B,A,B,C,B,课时训练,6.HesaidKate_cometotheparty.ButIdontthinkso.A.couldB.mightC.needD.must7.NeedIdomylessonsrightnow?Yes,you_.A.needB.canC.shouldD.must8.Wouldyouliketogoswimmingwithmethisafternoon?Idloveto.ButImafraidI_.Ihavetoomuchworktodo.A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.maynot9.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful，rubbish_intotheriver.A.needntbethrownB.mustntbethrownC.cantthrowD.maynotthrow,B,D,A,B,课时训练,10.Dontworry!Wecangettothebusstationintimeand_theearlybus.A.dontmissB.canmissC.willmissD.wontmiss11.Pleasedontmakeanynoiseinthereadingroom._A.Sorry,Iwont.B.Sorry,Icant.C.Yes,Iwont.D.OK,Ididnt.12.MustIreturnyourdigitalcameratomorrow.Tina?No,you_.A.mustnt