4.2 Reading and thinking 练习（2）（原卷版）

Unit 4 Natural disastersPeriod 2 Reading and thinking练习阅读理解训练 时间25分钟ATUVALU, a tiny country in the Pacific Ocean, has asked for help as it fears it will be swallowed up by the sea. Storms and huge waves are a constant threat and none ofTuvalus nine little islands is more than five meters above sea level. Salt water is already entering the countrys drinking water supply, as well as damaging plants that produce fruit and vegetables. Without urgent help, the countrys days are numbered. ButTuvaluis not the first place to face sinking into the sea. Venice, a historic city inItalybest known for its canals, has sunk about 24cm over the past 100 years. Experts say that it will have sunk another 2050cm by 2050. A century ago, St. Marks Square, the lowest point in the city, flooded about nine times a year. Nowadays, it happens more than 100 times. While Venice is slowly sinking into the mud on which it stands,Tuvalus rising sea level is caused by global warming. The average global temperature has increased by almost 0.5 centigrade degree over the past century, scientists expect it to rise by an extra 13 degrees over the next 100 years. Warmer weather makes glaciers (冰川) melt, adding more water to the ocean. The warmer temperatures also make water expand, so it takes up more space, causing the sea level to rise. The sea level has risen about 1025cm in the last 100 years. The main cause of global warming is human pollution. Through burning coal, oil and gas, people have been increasing the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as CO2. This adds to the power of the greenhouse effect, making the planet even warmer. Many scientists believe that, if the warming is not stopped, there will be huge climate changes. The sea level could rise by one meter this century. Should this come true, the sea will swallow up millions of homes and the world will be flooded with “climate refugees” looking for somewhere to live.1 We can infer from the first paragraph that . ATuvaluis in danger of moving slowly downwards into the seaBallTuvalus islands are about five meters above the sea levelCdrinking water inTuvaluwill be destroyedDTuvaluis often flooded by storms and waves2 Put the following events in the right order.a. Glaciers begin to melt.b. People burn coal, oil and gas.c. The greenhouse effect is growing.d. The earth is getting warmer and warmer.e. The sea level is rising.f. More CO2is produced.g. Many places are sinking into the sea.Ad, f, b, c, a, e, g Bb, f, c, d, e, a, gCf, c, b, d, a, e, g Db, f, c, d, a, e, g3 What does “climate refugees” mean?APeople who are forced away from their homeland by climate.BClimate changes.CRare animals.DClimate effect.4 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?ATuvalus nine little islands are less than five meters above the sea level.BThe average global temperature has risen by 13 centigrade degrees over the past 100 years.Cthe warmer temperature causes the sea level to rise.DThere will be huge climate changes unless the warming is stopped.BSurviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)Natalie Doan, 14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house. “Its the ocean that makes Rockaway so special, ” she says.0n 0ctober 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalies family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the citys bridge closed. When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalies friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalies school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.“My mom tells me that I cant control what happens to me, ” Natalie says. “but I can always choose how I deal with it. ”Natalies choice was to help. She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collecting when his house burned down. Within days, Patricks collection was replaced. In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-need supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change. Today，the scars(创痕)of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “I cant imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,” Natalie declares. “My neighborhood will be back，even stronger than before. ”5 When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane，she found_ A some friends had lost their livesB her neighborhood was destroyedC her school had moved to BrooklynD the elderly were free from suffering6 According to paragraph4，who inspired Natalie most?A The people helping Rockaway rebuildB The people trapped in high-rise buildingC The volunteers donating money to survivorsD Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people7 How did Natalie help the survivors?A She gave her toys to the kidsB She took care of younger childrenC She called on the White House to helpD She built an information sharing platform8 What does the story intend to tell us?A Little people can make a big differenceB A friend in need is a friend indeedC East or west，home is bestD Technology is powerCElephants on the coast of Thailand are acting strange.They stamp their feet and motion toward the hills.The sea draws back from the beaches.Fish fall heavily in the mud.Suddenly,a huge wave appears.This is no ordinary wave.It is tsunami!Tsunami waves are larger and faster than normal surface waves.A tsunami wave can travel as fast as a jet plane and can be as tall as a ten-story building.Imagine dropping a stone into a pond.The water on the surface ripples（起涟漪）.A tsunami is like a very powerful ripple.Tsunamis begin when the ocean rises or falls very suddenly.Large amounts of seawater are displaced.This movement caused huge waves.For a tsunami to occur,there must be some kind of force that causes the ocean water to become displaced.Most tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes.However,volcanoes ,landslides（塌方）,large icebergs,and even meteorites（陨石）are capable of causing one of these mighty waves.Tsunamis are extremely powerful.Ordinary waves lose power when they break.Tsunami waves can remain powerful for several days.Because tsunami waves are so strong,they can kill people,damage property,and completely ruin an ecosystem in just one hour.Scientists have no way of predicting when a tsunami will hit.However,if a powerful enough earthquake occurs, scientists can send out a warning or a watch.A warning means that a tsunami will very likely hit soon.A watch means that conditions are favorable for a tsunami.When people are informed of a watch or a warning,they have more time to prepare.It is best not to get caught unaware