应用文是每年高考考查频率最高的体裁之一

应用文是每年高考考查频率最高的体裁之一，近几年全国卷高考主要考查书信写作，体裁涵盖求助信、建议信、感谢信、邀请信、投诉信、申请信、推荐信、道歉信、普通书信/电子邮件等。从阅卷情况来看，有一部分考生因信件书写不规范而失分。为让考生少丢“冤枉分”，我们先从书信的书写规范做起。 题型特点求助信是指写信人就某一个问题向收信人寻求帮助，希望收信人就写信人提出的问题提供帮助或给出针对性的解决方法。其结构为：求助信常用句式1开头常用语My name is.; Im writing to you for some help. 我的名字是我写信向你求助。Im writing a letter to you to get some help about. 我给你写信是想得到方面的一些帮助。I am writing to ask you to do me a favor. I have some difficulty in doing., which bothers me a lot. So I have no choice but to turn to you for help.我写信向你求助。我在做方面有困难，这很困扰我。所以我别无选择只能向你求助。2主体部分常用语I have met much difficulty in. 我在方面遇到了很多困难。In the meanwhile/At the same time, I beg you to. so that. 同时，我请求你这样Im eager to get your timely help./Im eager for your timely help. 我渴望得到你及时的帮助。Faced with/Facing so many difficulties, I have to turn to you for help. 面对如此多的困难，我不得不向你求助。3结尾常用语I will be very grateful if you could help me. /I would appreciate it if you could do me a favor and.如果你能帮助我我会非常感激。We do hope you can give us some advice. 我们非常希望你能给我们一些建议。Looking forward to your reply. And Id be really thankful. 期待你的回复。我非常感激。黄金模板Dear Sir/Madam，Im _. (自我介绍) Im writing to get some help about _.(说明写信目的)I have met many difficulties in. (遇到的困难) First，. Besides，. Whats more，.(分层次说明自己的困难)Faced with so many difficulties, I have to ask you for some help. Would you like to. so that.? (请求一) In the meanwhile, I beg you to. (请求二) Also, I would like you to. (请求三) I would appreciate it if you coulddo me a favor and. (表示感激)Looking forward to your reply. (表达期望)Your truly，Li Hua典题示例(2016全国卷)假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外资公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历(resume)。给外教Ms Jenkins写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式(format)。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_模板二 建议信题型特点建议信是生活中常见的一种文体，是写信人向收信人对某事提出的建议和忠告。建议信可能是写给个人，也可能是写给某个组织或机构，信的内容要包括写信的原因、建议的内容、提出建议的理由。建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。具体写作步骤一般是“三段式”，通常以firstly，secondly，thirdly或to begin/start with，then，later，last but not least等依次陈述建议，具体结构为： 常用句式1开头常用语I know you have trouble in. after reading your letter. I am writing to give you some suggestions/give you a hand.在读了你的信后，我知道你在上有困难。我写这封信的目的是给你一些建议/帮助。Youve asked me for advice with regard to/regarding. and Ill try to make some useful suggestions here.关于你向我征求建议，在此，我将尽力提出一些有用的建议。Im sorry to know that you are having trouble with/in doing. at the moment. 得知此刻你遇到麻烦我深感遗憾。Im very glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how.非常高兴收到你的来信，在信中，关于如何你向我征求意见。2主体部分常用语When it comes to/As for. I would like to suggest/recommend. 涉及/关于我想建议The following are my suggestions. /My suggestions are as follows. 我的建议如下。In my opinion/Personally/As far as Im concerned, it would be wise to take the following action.在我看来，采取如下行动是明智的。You may/might as well do. 你不妨做I would like to suggest that. 我想建议If I were you, I would. 如果我是你，我会It seems to me that you could. 我认为你可以I think it would be more beneficial if you could. 我想如果你能可能会更有利。3结尾常用语I hope you will find these suggestions helpful./I hope my suggestions will be of benefit to you.我希望你认为这些建议有帮助。/我希望我的建议对你有益。I hope you will take my advice into consideration. If you have any questions or requirements, please do not hesitate to tell me./If you have any questions, please feel free to ask me at any time.我希望你会考虑我的建议。如果你有任何问题或要求，请毫不犹豫地告诉我。/如果你有任何问题，请随时问我。I believe you will take my advice into account/consideration seriously.我相信你会认真考虑我的建议的。黄金模板Dear _，(建议对象)Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to _.(引出对方需要建议的主题)Here are a few suggestions. (引出作者建议) First, it is important to _. Then, it also helps to _. Besides, it should be a good idea to _.You can also _.可以根据要求用不同的句式提出建议，如下：As to _， I suggest _.(需要具体到某一方面) In addition, _. (其他的建议) Im sure _. (预测可能的结果，给对方以行动的信心和决心)I hope _.(表达愿望)Yours sincerely，Li Hua典题示例(2017辽宁沈阳高中三年级教学质量监测一)假定你是学生李华，你刚刚收到你的英国笔友Nathan的电子邮件，说他即将利用寒假来你的城市做短暂研学旅行。请你给他回复一封邮件，在气候、饮食、交通和安全等方面提一些建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Nathan，I am so glad to receive your mail. _模板三 感谢信题型特点感谢信是重要的礼仪文书，是向帮助、关心和支持过自己的集体或个人表示感谢的书信，有感谢和表扬双重意思。其结构为：感谢信常用句式1开头常用语I am writing to extend my thanks/convey my gratitude to you for.我写这封信是因为表达我对你的感激。I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for.在信中我要为向您表达我诚挚的谢意。Thank you so much for the gift you sent me. Its one of the most wonderful gifts I ever got.非常感谢你给我寄来的礼物，这是我收到的最好的礼物之一。Id like to take this opportunity to express my appreciation for your timely help and assistance.我谨借此机会表达对您给予我们及时的帮助和支持的感激。On behalf of my whole family, I would like to extend my sincere gratitude for.我谨代表我全家对表示真诚的感激之情。I will be more than pleased if I have the opportunity to repay your kindness by.如果我有机会通过报答你的好意，我会非常高兴。Many thanks for all the things you have done in helping us to.非常感谢你为帮助我们所做的一切。2结尾常用语Nothing will be able to erase our wonderful memories, we will remember them forever.没有什么能抹掉我们美好的记忆，我们会永远牢记在心。Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you！/Thanks again for your kind help.我再次对你表示衷心的感谢。/对你的热心帮助再次表示感谢。Please accept my sincere thanks and best wishes.请接受我诚挚的感谢和最美好的祝愿。黄金模板Dear _，(感谢对象)I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude to you for _. (感谢的原因) If it had not been for your assistance in _， (对方给你的具体帮助) I fear that I would have been _. (没有对方帮助的结果)Everyone agrees that it was you who _. (给出细节)Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you! Please accept my gratitude.Yours sincerely，Li Hua典题示例(2017湖南长郡中学模拟)假如你是李华，在丹麦访问学习的一周里你住在Anne家里。在即将回国之际，请你给她写一封感谢信。要点如下：1简述你的丹麦之行；2感谢她为你所做的一切；3向她发出邀请。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：丹麦Denmark_模板四 邀请信题型特点邀请信是邀请收信人参加某项活动的书信，在写作时，语气要热情真挚，不要强人所难，其结构为：邀请信常用句式1开头常用语Were throwing a surprise party for. Wed like to invite you to./Its my honor to invite you to.我们将为举办惊喜派对。我们想邀请你/我非常荣幸地邀请你We are having/planning. on. and we feel it would be a great idea if you can join us.我们将于举行，如果你能加入我们就太好了。I am writing to invite you to./Im writing to tell you that there will be a.我写信邀请你/我写信告诉你有一个(场)I am very pleased to invite you to participate in. to be held from. to. in.我很高兴邀请你参加从到在举行的It is my pleasure/a great honor for me to invite you to.如能邀请你参加是我莫大的荣幸。2主体部分常用语Here are some details about this activity./The following are some details about this activity./Some details about this activity are as follows.活动的细节如下。I would like to meet you there and please let me know your decision soon.我想在那里见到你，请尽快告诉我你的决定。I am sure you will have a good time at.我相信你们在将会玩得开心。3结尾常用语I would feel very honored if you could come./We would appreciate it if you could confirm your participation at your early convenience./An early reply is appreciated.如果你能来，我将倍感荣幸。/如果你能尽早在你方便时确认参加，我们将不胜感激。/感激你的早日回复。My phone number is./Looking forward to.我的电话号码是/盼望My family and I would feel much honored if you could come.如果你能来，我和我的家人将会感到非常荣幸。I hope that you wont decline my invitation.我希望你不会拒绝我的邀请。Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come to.?如果你能来请写信告诉我，好吗？If you are interested in it, let me know and Ill send you more information.如果你对此感兴趣，告诉我，我会给你发送更多的信息。黄金模板Dear _，(邀请对象)Hows everything with you? Im writing to tell you that there will be a _ (活动) at/in _ (地点) on _ (时间). I wonder if youd like to go with me. (发出邀请)The occasion will start at _. (具体时间) This will be followed by a _. (进一步的安排) At around _ (时间)，_.(另一个安排)If you are interested in it, let me know. Hope to meet you at the _./I really hope you can make it. (再次邀请) My phone number is _ (电话号码). Looking forward to _.Yours sincerely，Li Ming典题示例(2017全国卷)假定你是李华。你所在的校乒乓球队正在招收新队员。请给你的留学生朋友Eric写封邮件邀请他加入，内容包括：1球队活动；2报名方式及截止日期。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_模板五 投诉信题型特点 在生活中，通常用写投诉信的方式解决诸如消费利益受损、正常生活和工作受到干扰等问题。投诉信通常包括以下几个方面的内容：说明投诉的原因并表示遗憾；实事求是地阐述问题发生的经过，切记不要夸大其词；指出问题引起的后果；提出批评及处理的意见或敦促对方采取措施，或者提出所希望的赔偿以及补救方式。其结构为：投诉信常用句式1开头常用语I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with/at.我写此信表达我对的不满。Im. who bought. from your website several days ago. I am writing to complain about.我是几天前从你们的网站上购买了的。我写信投诉I was very disappointed to see.我非常失望地发现2主体部分常用语I have suffered a lot of pains.我遭受了很大的痛苦。I can hardly put up with it any more.我再也无法容忍它。I am completely disappointed to find. To improve the situation, it is advisable for you to take the following measures./I do hope that someone will take effective measures to deal with this matter.当我发现我彻底失望了。为了改进这种情况，建议你采取以下措施。/我真的希望有人能采取有效措施解决这个问题。3结尾常用语I would be very delighted if you could consider my complaint seriously. I do hope. will be improved as soon as possible./I do hope you can give me a satisfactory reply as soon as possible. Thank you for your consideration.如果你能认真对待我的投诉，我会非常高兴。我确实希望将会尽快得到改善。/我确实希望你可以尽快给我一个满意的答复。感谢你的体谅。If you do not solve this problem, I will/shall.如果你们不解决这一问题，我将. refund the cost and pay me damages.退回费用并赔偿我的损失I hope you will kindly investigate.我希望你对进行调查。I would like you to get this matter settled by the end of this month.我想让你月底前解决这件事情。黄金模板Dear Sir/Madam，My name is/Im _. (自我介绍) I am writing to you for something/to tell you something about _ (投诉的内容)_. (简述导致矛盾的事件) I _. (表达本人曾做过的努力) But _. (投诉原因一) Besides, _. (投诉原因二) To be frank, _.(客观的评论，以示诚恳) I do hope/I require that _. (表达本人期待的解决方案)Thank you for your time and kind consideration. (信件结尾的常用语)Yours，Li Hua典题示例(2017湖北武汉武昌区高三年级调研考试)假定你是李华，你在国外网上书店Landon购买了一本英文原版小说Gone with the Wind，货到后你发现了一些问题。请用英文给该书店写信，内容包括：1包装不完善导致封面有破损和污渍，书有缺页；2要求调换新书，尽快发货。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Sir or Madam，_Yours，Li Hua模板六 申请信题型特点申请信有很多种，比如求职申请、加入某组织或活动的申请、报考申请、留学申请等，其目的在于让对方了解自己的经验、能力、成就以及愿望等，所以个人情况的介绍应该是申请信的核心内容，应尽可能向对方说明本人的长处，以便留下好印象，获得面谈的机会。由于此类题目常有较多的文字提示，写作时除应注意格式上的要求外，也应注意审题全面，不能遗漏要点，并要注意人称和时态的变化，避免出现逻辑混乱。其结构为：申请信常用句式1开头常用语I learned on your website that.我从你们的网站上得知Im writing to apply for the position of.我写信申请的职位。I am writing this letter to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for.我写信推荐自己为的合格人选。I am interested in. and wish to enter this significant program.我对感兴趣，希望加入到这个重要项目中。I am writing to you in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to.我写信给你是希望我可以获得一个的机会。2主体部分常用语As an outgoing. I get along well with my classmates.作为一名外向的我和同学们相处得很好。For one thing, I can help. For another thing, I can improve my English, make more friends, and enrich my life.一方面，我能帮助另一方面，我能提高我的英语水平，结交更多的朋友，并充实生活。I am confident that Im suitable for./Im qualified to do./Im equal to (doing).我确信，我适合/我有做的资格/我能胜任(做)3结尾常用语I would appreciate it if I have the chance of doing/to do.如果我有做的机会，我将不胜感激。Should you offer me an interview, I would be most grateful. Looking forward to your reply soon.如果您能给我提供面试的机会，我将非常感激。期待您的早日答复。I look forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.期待在您方便的时候给我一个肯定的答复。I would greatly appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。黄金模板Dear Sir/Madam，Im _. (自我介绍) Im writing to apply for the position _. (说明写信目的) I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because _.(说明自己为什么很想得到这次宝贵机会) _. Besides, _.(分层次说明自己的优势)I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations. I will be grateful if you could give me a kind consideration.Looking forward to your reply.(表达期望)Yours truly，Li Hua典题示例(2017山东部分重点中学第一次调研)假如你是李华，是新华中学的一名学生，得知可向世界儿童基金会(World Childhood Foundation)申请一个经费为2 000元的扶贫项目(povertyrelief program)，以帮助贫困地区的儿童。你感兴趣，准备申请。请根据以下要点写一封信：1个人的基本情况和申请理由；2你对申请项目的具体设想和项目经费的使用计划；3你的愿望；4联系方式为2017。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头语和结尾语已为你写好。Dear Sir or Madam，_Yours sincerely，Li Hua模板七 推荐信题型特点从推荐者的情况来分，可以分为自荐信和推荐信两种。其结构为：推荐信常用句式1开头常用语Im very pleased to learn that you are going to. Im writing this letter to offer my recommendation.得知你将我很高兴，我写这封信是向你提供我的建议。Please allow me to introduce one of my best friends to you.请允许我向你介绍一位我最好的朋友。I am writing to introduce one of my college classmates in Beijing.我写信是要介绍一位我在北京时的大学同学。I am very glad to have this chance to write to you to.我很高兴能有这次机会给你写信2主体部分常用语The reason why I recommend. is that.我推荐的原因是So I hold the belief that. be (am/is/are) quite suitable for the post.所以我相信很适合这个职位。3结尾常用语Thanks for your attention and hope to receive your reply.多谢你的关注，希望能收到你的回复。I would be grateful if you could give me a kind consideration.如果你能对我予以仔细考虑我将不胜感激。I would be most grateful if you could lend due attention to this letter and contact me at.如果你能给予此信一定的关注并通过和我联系，我将非常感激。Ill be more than happy if you can take my suggestions/ideas into consideration.如果你能考虑我的建议/想法，我会非常高兴。黄金模板Dear _，Im _. (自我介绍) I was asked to write to you to recommend _ (要推荐的人) to be/do _ (要做的职位或事情)His/Her performance was outstanding. He/She is a diligent boy/girl, who can _. (优势一) Whats more, _. (优势二) Im sure he/she can _. Therefore, I here recommend him/her to you with all my heart.If you have any questions about it, please contact me.Looking forward to your coming. (表达期望)Yours sincerely，Li Ming典题示例(2017河南郑州高中毕业年级第一次质量预测)假定你是李华，你的英国笔友David寒假期间想来你所在的城市学习汉语，让你帮他选择培训学校。请用英语给他写一封电子邮件，推荐一所理想的培训学校，并告知他学习时间、课程内容、食宿、交通及学费等情况。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear David，_Yours，Li Hua模板八 道歉信题型特点道歉信是因过失或疏忽做错了事，给别人带来了麻烦或损失，发觉后为了给对方赔礼道歉而写的信件。其结构为：道歉信常用句式1开头常用语I am writing this letter to apologize to you for.我写这封信是因向你道歉。I am writing to express/convey my deepest apology to you.我写信向你表达我深深的歉意。2主体部分常用语I regret to inform you that I can not/am unable to.我遗憾地告知你我不能I am sorry for my not being able to. due to the fact that.我非常抱歉我不能因为Much to my regret, I was unable to. and I wish that my apology could help to some extent.很遗憾，我不能够希望我的道歉在某种程度上能起到作用。I remember we planned to. but now because. I cannot. with you as planned.我记得我们原本计划但是现在由于我不能与你如期I must apologize for any inconvenience it may have caused you.为此事可能给你带来的任何不便，我深表歉意。3结尾常用语Once again, Im sorry for any inconvenience caused.对于造成的任何不便我再次表示歉意。I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies.我衷心地希望你能够站在我的角度考虑一下，并接受我的道歉。Please accept my sincere apology for. once more.请为再次接受我真诚的道歉。I sincerely hope that you will kindly accept my apologies.我衷心希望你能友好地接受我的道歉。黄金模板Dear _I am sorry to tell you that _. (陈述道歉原因) Now I am writing you this letter of apology to show my deep regret.I hope you will understand me and excuse me for _. (请求对方原谅的事由) The reason for my delay/absence was/is that _. (解释道歉原因) Therefore _.I sincerely hope that you can accept my apology and understand it. I would appreciate your allowing me to _. (提出补救措施) Once again, Im sorry for any inconvenience