高分子的设计与合成--潘才元.ppt

高分子的设计与合成,洪春雁潘才元,聚合物的结构Architecturesofpolymers,线形聚合物Linearpolymers,PE,PP,PS,PVCetc.,均聚物,嵌段共聚物,无规共聚物,交替共聚物,非线形聚合物Nonlinearpolymers,GraftingPolymer,CombPolymer,梳形聚合物,接枝聚合物,H-shapedand-shapedcopolymers,Starpolymers,星形杂臂聚合物Miktoarmstarpolymers,星形聚合物,Mono-DispersedNano-SizedEgg-LikeHighdensityofsurfaceFunctionalgroups,Hyperbranchedpolymers,UmbrellaCopolymer,超支化聚合物,伞形聚合物,Dumbbell-shapedcopolymers,哑铃形聚合物,环状聚合物,AtomTransferRadicalPolymerization,ATRP,原子转移自由基聚合,ATRPorAtomTransferRadicalPolymerizationisaPolymerizationreactioninvolvingfreeradicals.ItwasintroducedasanextensiontoATRAorAtomTransferRadicalAdditionbyJinshanWangandMatyjaszewski,(1995)andSawamoto(1994/5).,DrKrzysztofMatyjaszewskiJ.C.WarnerProfessorofCarnegieMellonUniversityDepartmentofChemistry4400FifthAvenuePittsburgh,PA15213,Dr.MistuoSawamotoDepartmentofPolymerChemistryGraduateSchoolofEngineeringKyotoUniversity,Kyoto,RAFTPolymerization,RAFT=ReversibleAddition-FragmentationChainTransferPolymerization,Dr.GraemeMoad,CSIROMolecularandHealthTechnologies,BayviewAvenue,Clayton,Victoria3168,Australia,HejoinedCSIROasaresearchscientistin1979andiscurrentlyachiefresearchscientist.DrMoadiscoauthorofthebookTheChemistryofFreeRadicalPolymerizationwhichappearedasasecondeditionin2006.Hisresearchinterestslieinthefieldsofpolymerdesignandsynthesis(freeradicalpolymerization,reactiveextrusion),polymerizationkineticsandmechanism,andmostrecentlypolymernanocomposites.,Dr.EzioRizzardo,CSIROMolecularandHealthTechnologies,BayviewAvenue,Clayton,Victoria3168,Australia,EzioRizzardoisagraduateoftheUniversityofNewSouthWalesandreceivedhisPh.D.fromtheUniversityofSydneyforhisstudiesonthephotochemistryofnitrocompounds.HejoinedCSIROin1976afterapostdocatRiceUniversity,RIMAC,andtheAustralianNationalUniversity.HisCSIROresearchhasfocusedondevelopingmethodsforcontrollingfreeradicalpolymerization.ForthishehasreceivedanumberofawardsincludingtheRACIAustralianPolymerMedalandtheCSIROChairmansGoldMedal.CurrentlyheisaCSIROFellowandaFellowoftheAustralianAcademyofScience.,SanH.ThangwasborninSaigon,Vietnam,in1954andcametoAustraliain1979asarefugee.HecompletedhisB.Sc.(Hons)degreein1983andPh.D.in1987fromGriffithUniversity.HejoinedCSIROin1986asaresearchfellow.HethenmovedtoICIAustraliainlate1987toundertakethechallengeofindustrialresearch.HereturnedtoCSIROinlate1990,andin1995hewasco-inventoroftheRAFTProcess.HeiscurrentlyaseniorprincipalresearchscientistatCSIROMolecularandHealthTechnologieswherehisresearchfocusesontheinterfacebetweenorganicandpolymerchemistry.,CSIROMolecularandHealthTechnologies,BayviewAvenue,Clayton,Victoria3168,Australia,Dr.SanH.Thang,ClickChemistry,蝌蚪形聚合物的合成,Thiol-Click,Michaeladditionreaction,ArthurMichael(18551942),whodiscoveredtheMichaeladditionreaction.(b)SchematicdepictionoftheMichaeladditionreaction.,Generalcarbon-Michaelreactionmechanisticscheme.,SecondMichaeladditionofacetoacetategrouptomethylacrylate.,MichaelAdditioninvolvinganalkyneacceptor.,Higherreactivityofsecondaryaminesinaza-Michaeladditionreactions.,Dendrimer,Sidechainpolarity,AminoAcid,Hydropathyindex,SynthesisofL-valineandL-leucinetypeIbdendrimers:(a)Boc-Gly-OH,DCC,DMAP-DCM;(b)TFA-DCM;(c)activeester,HOBt,DIEA,DMF-DCM;(d)Ac2O,DIEA-DC,IsDendrimeranAntenna?,Cis-andtrans-transformationofazobenzene,Irradiationat1600cm-1canmakethetransformationofcis-totrans-?,PhotoisomerizationofAzodendrimerbyHarvestingofLowEnergyPhotons,Photons(1600cm-1),G2dendrimerscontainingCoumarin-2asanenergydonorandCoumarin-343asanenergyacceptor(left)anddendrimerswithoutCoumarin-343chromophore(right)forrelativeratestudy.,OrganicLightEmittingDiodes,Catalysis,/percec/inthenews/denx.html,Nanowires,Thedendrimer(blueandred)attachestomultiplereceptors(pink)oncellmembranesorotherbiologicalstructuressuchasavirus.,Thedendrimers(blueandred)inVivaGelinteractwithproteinstructures(yellow)onthesurfaceofHIV,blockingtheinteractionofHIV(purple)withhealthyhumancells(pink)thatresultsinHIVinfection.,IllustrationscourtesyofStarpharmaPooledDevelopment,Ltd,DendrimersFightingtheSpreadofDiseases,基于树枝状大分子的智能型纳米容器设计合成,用化学修饰可以改善溶解、分散、加工性能，但是破坏了碳纳米管的结构