2020届高考英语高频词汇举例解析（19）

2020;2020届高考英语高频词汇举例解析（19） affair; thing; matter; business as (so) far as; as (so) long as as（so）far as的意思是“就而言（所知）”，as (so) far as sthis concerned是其中一种具体用法，意为“就某事而言”；as (so) long as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句。如：As far as I know, more than 10 million laid-off workers have found their new jobs就我所知，一千多万下岗工人已经找到了新的工作。There is nothing that we cant do so as long as we keep on trying to do it只要我们不断地努力去做，就没有什么事干不成。As far as the tourism of China is concerned, there is a long way to go就中国的旅游业而言，需要做的工作还很多。 asleepsleeping 二者都是形容词。asleep仅用作表语，不能作定语，表示“睡着，熟睡”的意思；而sleeping一般只能用作定语，放在名词前，表示“睡眠中的，休止的”意思。如：我们不能说：an asleep baby，但可以说：a sleeping baby（一个熟睡的婴儿）。再如：He was asleep with his head on his arms他头枕着手臂在熟睡。asleeping dog正在熟睡的狗sleeping car卧车 sleeping bag睡袋 assert，affirm，maintain assert宣称、断言，常指某人主观自信，坚持己见，有时不顾客观事实而断言下结论。 affirm指以事实为依据，深信不疑地肯定某种观点或看法。 maintain指在相反的证据或论点面前，重申原来的某种观点、立场。ADespite all the policemans questions the suspect that he had been at home all eveningBIt is nonsense to that smoking does not damage peoples healthCThroughout his prison sentence Dunn has always his innocenceAnswers：A. affirmed B. assert C. maintained as though；even though；though as though（as if），意为“好像；似乎”，引导方式状语从句或表语从句。如：He spoke as though（as if）he had been here before他说话的口气好像他以前来过这里。It looks as if（as though）it is going to rain看起来好像要下雨。 even though（even if），意为“即使”，引导让步状语从句。though也引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”；even though有退一步设想的意味，与though不同。though引导的句子所说的是事实，even though引导的句子所说的则不一定是事实。例如：He will not tell the secret even though（even if）he knows it即使他知道这个秘密，他也不肯说出来。He will not tell the secret though he knows it他虽然知道这个秘密，但他不会说出来。 at the beginning；in the beginning at the beginning 在初；在开始的时候。常与of连用。例如： Students usually have a study plan at the beginning of term 学生们在开学初制定学习计划。 in the beginning 相当于at first，表示“起初、开始”时，含“起初是这种情况，而后来却不是这种情况”之意，不与of连用。例如： In the beginning，some of us took no interest in physics 起初我们有些人对物理不感兴趣。 attack assail assault charge beset 都含有攻击的意思。 attack 是常用词, 指攻击敌人或用言论攻击他人, 如:Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941. 德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。 assail 指猛烈连续地攻击, 如:The enemy plane assailed our defence position. 敌机不断猛烈地攻击我们的阵地。 assault 语气比 assail强, 指突然猛烈地进攻, 暗示武力的直接接触 (如肉搏等), 也有暴力的意思, 如：The enemy assaulted us at dawn. 敌人在黎明时向我进攻。 charge 指冲击或骑兵的突然攻击, 如:The cavalry charged to the front. 骑兵猛烈向前线冲击。 beset 指围攻,即从各个方向攻击, 如：In the swamp we were beset by mosquitoes. 在沼泽地里, 我们受到蚊子的围攻。 at the age ofby the age of at the age of表示“在岁时”，后面接基数词，强调某一时刻的情况或动作，用于一般过去时，作时间状语。例如：At the age of six，he began to learn English他六岁的时候开始学英语。She learned to play the piano at the age often她十岁的时候学弹钢琴。 by the age of表示“到岁的时候”、“在岁以前”，后面接基数词，强调到某一时刻为止的结果，用于过去完成时或将来完成时，作时间状语。例如：By the age of sixteen，he had learned to drive a car到十六岁的时候，他已经学会了开小汽车。You will have learned more than 2000 English words by the age of fourteen到你十四岁的时候，你将学会2000多个英语单词。 at the time; at that time; at one time; at a time at the time通常用于过去时句子中，指某件事情发生的“当时”、“那时”。例如：Many people saw the strange thing happen at the time 当时，许多人都看到了这件奇怪的事情的发生。 有时，at the time的后面可接“of”短语。这时，它表示“在（某事态）发生的时候”或“在的时代”。例如：Were you in San Francisco at the time of the big earth quake in 19891989年旧金山发生地震时，你在那里吗？It happened at the time of King Alfred 事情发生在阿尔弗雷德国王时期。 at that time 则通常指前文明确提到的某个时期、时候。通常其后不带“of”短语。例如：In the 17th century much corn was grown in Tibet and SichuanAt that time(At the 17th century) the land along the Changjiang River was becoming very crowded at one timeduring a period of time in the past意为“过去有一段时期”，“曾经”。例如：They used to be good friends at one time 他们曾经是好朋友。 at a time则意为“一次”，表示一个时间单位。它常与表示数量的词语连用，表示频率。例如：Dont speak all at onceOne at a time, please 不要同时一起说。一次只一个人说。Take the medicine three times a day and three pieces at a time 这些药每天服三次，每次服三粒。 at speed with speed at the speed of或者at speed，意为“以的速度”。而当speed被all, lightning, great等修饰时，介词应用with。我们可用一句口诀来帮助记忆：都（all）以闪电般（lightning）大（great）的速度行