2020高考英语 备考BookI Unit10 The world around us 知识搜索与探究归纳

2020;2020高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳Unit10 The world around us自助式复习板块知识搜索A. 单词1.毛皮(n.)_2.西藏的(adj.)_3.热带丛林(n.)_4.长颈鹿(n.)_5.尺寸，措施(n.)_6.献身(v.)_7.共同的，普遍的(adj.)_8.贵重的，有价值的(adj.)_9.减少，缩减(v.)_10.回答，响应(v.)_11.原始的，独特的(adj.)_12.材料，原料(n.)_13.吸引人的(adj.)_14.话题，主题(n.)_15.简洁的，扼要的(adj.)_16.图表(n.)_17.单元住宅(n.)_18.包装(v.)_19.电池(n.)_20.使适应，改编(v.)_21.环境的(adj.)_22.危害(v.)_23.狼(n.)_24.旅行，游历(n.)_25.海报(n.)_答案：1.fur2.Tmon8.valuable9.reduce10.respond11.original12.material13.attractive14.topic15.brief16.graph17.flat18.package19.battery20.adapt21.environmental22.endanger23.wolf24.tour25.posterB. 短语26.导致 _ _27.轮流做某事 _ _ _28.灭绝 _ _29.采取措施做某事 _ _ _ _ _30.适应环境变化 _ _ _ _31.污染环境 _ _ _32.前景光明 _ _ _ _33.过更好的生活 _ _ _ _34.由于不同的原因 _ _ _35.奉献于 _ _36.明朝 _ _ _37.从自然中学习 _ _ _38.在危险中 _ _39.在自然环境下 _ _ _40.作为的结果 _ _ _ _答案：26.lead to27.take turns doing28.die out29.take measures to do sth.30.adapt to environmental changes31.pollute the environment32.have a bright future33.live a better life34.for different reasons35.devote to36.the Ming Dynasty37.learn from nature38.in danger39.in the wild40.as a result ofC. 句型41.大雨引起河水上涨。The heavy rain_ _ _ _ .42.必须采取措施确保动物不灭绝。_ _ _ _to make sure that animals dont _ _.43.没有空气和水就没有生物。Without air and water_ _ _ _ _ _ .答案：41. caused the river to rise42. Measures must be taken, die out43. there would be no living thingsD. 语法44. Mr. White told the students, “We will stay here for a week.”(变为间接引语) _45. “Dont eat much food that is rich in sugar and fat!” she said to me.(变为间接引语)_答 案：44. Mr. White told the students that they would stay there for a week.45. She told me not to eat much food that is rich in sugar and fat.重难聚焦重点单词要点1present【例题】 Which is wrong?A. He promised me a present for my birthday.B. He promised that he would give me a present for my birthday.C. He made a promise which he would give me a present for my birthday.D. He promised to give me present for my birthday.解析:C项中promise后跟同位语，引导词不能用which。答案:C归纳与迁移(1)presentadj.现在的，目前的the present leader现任领导present trends目前的潮流在手边的；出席的：Thirty guests were present at the ceremony.有三十位客人出席这次典礼。the present subject正在考虑的主题present company excepted. 本公司除外（2）presentn.礼物；赠品a birthday present 生日礼物a Christmas present圣诞礼品at present现在（3）presentv.引见，介绍Introduce a young woman to society with conventional ceremony.用传统的礼仪介绍（青年妇女）进入社交界。上演present a play上演一出戏要点2common【例题】 They are brothers, but they have nothing_ each other.A. in common with B. in common to C. on common withD. common with解析:根据用法“have nothing/much in common with sb. 与某人没有（很有）共同的地方”，排除B、C、D三项。答案:A归纳与迁移（1）共同的；共通的；联合的；公共的a common cup 公用杯子（2）常见的；常有的Snow is common in cold countries.在寒冷的国家雪是常见的。（3）普通的；熟悉的the common 普通人The humorous joke is common property.这个幽默笑话大家都知道。（4）常用词组：common sense常识have much/nothing in common有（没有）共同的地方重点短语要点1die out【例题】 Elephant would_ if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished. A. die offB. die outC. die of D. A or B解析:题意是“如果允许人们随意捕杀大象的话，大象就会灭绝”。A项的意思是“一个个先后死去”；C项“死于”。答案:B归纳与迁移（1）die away逐渐停止，逐渐消失The noise of the motorcar died away.摩托车的噪声消失了。（2）die back(植物）枝叶枯萎（3）die down逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊After the excitement of the audience died down, the speaker restarted his speech.等听众激动的情绪平息后，演讲人又重新开始演讲。（4）die hard(旧习惯等)难改掉，难消失Olds habits die hard. 旧习难改。（5）die off相继死去（6）die out逐渐消失，灭绝要点2devote to【例题】 The time he has devoted in the past ten years _the disabled is now considered _of great value.A. to help; beingB. to helping; to beC. help; to beD. helping; being解析:“devote.to.”中“to”为介词；“be considered to”中“to”为不定式。答案:B归纳与迁移（1）专心致力于，献（身），贡献He devoted his life to literature.他专心致力于文学。He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind. 他为全人类的利益献出了自己的一生。（2）供奉，贡献We should devote ourselves assiduously and faithfully to the duties of our profession.我们应当勤奋地而且忠诚地献身于我们的职责。（3）常用短语：devote to 把献给；把专用于devote oneself to致力于；献身于；专心于必背句开型要点1A letter posted yesterday will.过去分词作定语【例题】（2020;2020上海，35）The disc,digitally_ in the studio,sounded fantastic at the party that night.A. recordedB. recordingC. to be recordedD. having recorded解析:本题考查过去分词作定语的用法。题干主语为“the disc”,后面为修饰部分，表示什么样的“碟片”，又因为disc 和record之间是被动关系，所以这儿只能用过去分词。答案:A归纳与迁移过去分词作定语需要注意如下几个方面的问题:(1)过去分词作定语时,所表示的时间概念:多表示已完成的动作。The broken glasses are mine.那副坏的眼镜是我的。The book written in English is about “The differences between American English and British English”.用英语写的那本书是关于美式英语和英式英语的区别。表示分词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。He wants to buy a used car.他想买一辆二手车。没有一定的时间性。His spoken English is excellent.他的口语很好。(2)过去分词作定语在句中的位置:单个的过去分词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词之前。过去分词与副词、名词、形容词构成复合形容词作定语时,位于被修饰的名词之前。a newly-built road 一条新建的公路a man-made satellite 一颗人造卫星a well-developed country一个高度发达的国家过去分词短语作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之后。There were many people killed in that accident.有很多人在那次事故中死亡。某些动词的过去分词作定语时,多半用来修饰人。这类过去分词多是表示人物的心理特征或情感变化的动