广东省实验中学2020届高三英语上学期第三次（11月）阶段考试试题（含解析）

2020届高三第三次阶段测试英语试题满分：135分；作答时间：120分钟第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 篇章阅读（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该题涂黑。AWhere Is Spring BreakWhere is Spring Break going to be? The options are endless. Do you want to get your blood pumpingfrom thrilling travels? Look no further! These tours and destinations will keep you on your toes all week long.Panama: This underrated destination is a little-known secret of the most travelers! Through this touryoull get to hike, snorkel (浮潜) and explore all the best sights this beautiful country has to offer! Eight daystours for $ 250 / day.Canada: This diverse country is full of options. Explore the East of Canada and visit cities such asMontreal, Quebec or Toronto. If youre feeling adventurous, explore the Western part of the country with aCanadian Rockies Tour. During this twelve days tour you will hike a glacier to beautiful scenery and wanderthrough postcard-worthy villages. Tours to Canada for $200 / day.Iceland: Check off one of the seven wonders of the world with a tour of the Northern Lights and GoldenCircle. Spend seven days full of adventure like hiking glaciers, snowshoeing through Thingvellir NationalPark, relaxing in the Geysir Hot Springs and of course experiencing the glory of the Northern Lights! Sevendays tours for $ 300 / day.South Africa: Discover the diverse culture and wildlife that makes up South Africa. Your tour planincludes a journey along the coast known as “Rainbow Nation.” Here you will enjoy beautiful scenery, ahunting travel through Addo Elephant National Park and the wildlife in Tsitsikarnma National Park. Ninedays tours for $230 / day.1. Which destination costs tourists the most money?A. Panama. B. Canada.C. Iceland. D. South Africa.2. What can be learned from the text?A. Tourists can take a hot shower only in Iceland.B. Tourists can hike glaciers in both Canada and Iceland.C. Canada offers Rockies Tour for tourists to explore the East.D. Tourists can enjoy a hunting travel through Tsitsikamma National Park.【答案】1. B 2. B【解析】这是一篇广告布告类阅读。这篇文章为读者介绍了四个令人激动的旅游胜地。【1题详解】计算题。Eight days tours for $250/day. 可知在巴拿马旅行的费用是250*8=2000；During this twelve days tour you will hike a glacier to beautiful scenery and wander through postcard-worthy villages. Tours to Canada for $200/day可知在加拿大旅行的费用是.200*12=2400；Seven days tours for $300/day. 可知在冰岛旅行的费用是300*7=2100；Nine days tours for $230/day. 可知在南非旅行的费用是230*9=2070，通过比较可知，去加拿大旅行的费用最高，选B。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据Canada 部分During this twelve days tour you will hike a glacier to beautiful scenery and wander through postcard-worthy villages.以及Iceland部分 Spend seven days full of adventure like hiking glaciers, snowshoeing through Thingvellir National 、Park, relaxing in the Geysir Hot Springs and of course experiencing the glory of the Northern Lights!可知在加拿大和冰岛，游客们都可以徒步冰山，选B。BThough not as much as in the past, grandparents are the teachers of the Navajo (纳瓦霍人) youth. They make young people aware of life at an early age. The parents allow them the privilege of teaching the children, and the grandparents take great pride in raising them.Young children often stay with their grandparents for years at a time, developing a close and trusting relationship. The grandparents teach them Navajo legends and the principle of life, emphasizing both new culture trends and the preservation of traditions.The grandparents are also the leading figure in teaching the youth the arts of weaving, caring for the live stock, using herbal medicine, and other arts and crafts.The children are taught to respect their elders, care for them, help them and learn from them. Young people are urged to listen with care to the words of their elders and keep as much wisdom as possible. Grandparents often go to social gatherings and traditional events, and young people have opportunities to learn more about their culture and traditions.I lived with my grandmother for thirteen years, and she raised me in the old ways of our people. Although I was going to school, she taught me as much as she could about our traditions. If I had a chance, I would listen again to her wise teachings, expressed with kindness in a soft voice that touched my heart.We used to plant corn and pumpkin every summer. They never grew big enough to feed us, but we planted them anyway. I asked my grandmother why. She said, “Grandson, our plants will be far more beautiful than the flowers outside the fence.” I didnt understand until one day I saw their beauty as I was coming over the hill with her. She said, “Anything that is a part of you is always far more beautiful than the things which you pass by.” We had some beautiful years together. Im glad she is a part of me and Im apart of her.Children used to be well disciplined, possessing more respect for culture, traditions and beliefs than they do now. The world of the Navajo has been influenced by the western world, and the grandparents have less control and influence than they used to. But the young people who have been touched by their teachings have glimpsed a way of life beyond what most people know today.3. What can be inferred from the first paragraph?A. Grandparents are the source of traditional culture.B. Parents hate to take the trouble to raise their children.C. Early schooling isnt very popular with the young Navajo.D. Children learn about the meaning of life from their grandparents.4. The underlined word “figure” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_”.A. persons B. pioneersC. examples D. representatives5. Why did the authors grandmother plant corn and pumpkin?A. She had to feed her family members.B. She tried to make full use of her garden.C. She wanted her grandson to learn a life lesson.D. She expected her grandson to learn about farming.6. What is the authors purpose in writing this passage?A. To honor his beloved grandmother.B. To stress the greatness of the Navajo.C. To share with readers a Navajo culture.D. To show the influence of Navajo traditions.【答案】3. D 4. A 5. C 6. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文通过讲述纳瓦霍人是如何教育孩子的来告诉读者纳瓦霍人的一些文化。【3题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第一段Though not as much as in the past, grandparents are the teachers of the Navajo (纳瓦霍人) youth. They make young people aware of life at an early age.可知在纳瓦霍，祖父母是孩子的老师，他们让孩子们早早地学习生命的意义，故选D。【4题详解】词义猜测题。答案定位在第三段The grandparents are also the leading figure in teaching the youth the arts of weaving, caring for the livestock, using herbal medicine, and other arts and crafts.这句话的意思是祖父母也是教授年轻人编织艺术，照顾牲畜，使用草本药草和其他技艺的主导人物。“figure”的意思是主导人物，A. persons人；B. pioneers先锋； C. examples例子；D. representatives代表，故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第六段中祖母的话She said, “Anything that is a part of you is always far more beautiful than the things which you pass by.” 中可知作者的祖母种植玉米和南瓜，是希望她的孙子能学到人生的一课，故选C。【6题详解】写作意图题。本文通过讲述纳瓦霍人是如何教育孩子的来告诉读者纳瓦霍人的一些文化。故选C。COver 130 schoolmates from the Society for Science & the Publics high school science competitions gathered for a panel (座谈小组) discussion. Hosted by Society President Maya Ajmera, the panel consisted of science professionals and Society schoolmates.Ajmera started the event by asking the successful women panelists about young scientists faced when entering the professional world.Hackman, a health policy reporter for the Wall Street Journal, admitted that in following a career inscience, some scientists dislike the long, seemingly dull lab hours when they could follow a job with more“shine”.About what was hoped for in their career, Angel, who founded Science from Scientists, encouraged the audience to ask themselves, “What influence did I have? What did I leave behind?” She hoped her company, whose task was to help children in grades 4 8 develop a love for math and science, will live beyond her. “Even if you help one person,” she reflected, “you have already made a difference”.As for their support systems, they agreed on the value and support of the family in their professional development, Hackman shared her background as a first generation Iranian American and how her parents who knew little about science had fled the Iranian Revolution. While working with mother to complete herSTS project, Hackman was surprised and grateful because while her mother did not understand the research,her willingness to learn and help made all the difference.The panelists stories and advice surely inspired the younger generations to follow a career in STEM.Ajmera was glad to see the diversity among the panelists and the audience, encouraging everyone tocontinue breaking barriers. Though a career path in the STEM is not always easy, it can be rewarding, especially when you have a great team behind you.7. What challenge do young scientists have?A. Their work is tiring and boring. B. Their task is hard and stressful.C. Their work is mainly done in labs. D. Their advantages are often ignored.8. What does Angel suggest to the audience?A. Struggling to succeed. B. Leaving positive influence.C. Determining to be scientists. D. Offering more help to the poor.9. Why does Hackman mention her background?A. To ask people to love their family. B. To show why she took up science.C. To call on people to value science. D. To show the importance of family support.10. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. The greatness to be scientists.B. The effects the panel discussion has.C. The need to break barriers in science.D. The diversity among the panelists and the audience.【答案】7. A 8. B 9. D 10. B【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了来自科学与公众学会高中科学竞赛的130多名同学参加了小组讨论。【7题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第三段some scientists dislike the long, seemingly dull lab hours when they could follow a job with more“shine”.可知年轻科学家的挑战是他们的工作累人又无聊，故选A。【8题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第四段She hoped her company, whose task was to help children in grades 4 8 develop a love for math and science, will livebeyond her. “Even if you help one person,” she reflected, “you have already made a difference”.（“即使你帮助了一个人，”她反思道，“你已经做出了改变。”）由此推断出Angel对观众的建议，有积极的影响，故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第五段As for their support systems, they agreed on the value and support of the family in their professional development, Hackman shared her background as a first generation Iranian American and how her parents who knew little about science had fled the Iranian Revolution.（至于他们的支持系统，他们同意家庭在他们职业发展中的价值和支持，哈克曼分享了她作为第一代伊朗裔美国人的背景，以及她对科学知之甚少的父母是如何逃离伊朗革命的。）由此可知，Hackman提到她的背景是为了说明家庭支持的重要性，故选D。【10题详解】段落大意题。小组成员的故事和建议无疑激励了年轻一代遵循STEM的职业生涯。Ajmera很高兴看到小组成员和观众的多样性，鼓励大家继续打破障碍。虽然在STEM上的职业道路并不总是容易的，但是它可以是有回报的，特别是当你有一个伟大的团队支持你的时候。由此可知这一段主要讲了座谈小组谈论的影响，故选B。DThis is our country, America. The country where everyone is supposed to have a shot at financial success. The country of dreams and ambition. Yet, caused by the endless pursuit of individual profit, our country is a mess. And we owe it all to capitalism.We live in a society where people are forced to live without health coverage. A country where the poor can hardly feed themselves while the rich decide which one of their 10 homes to stay at for the night. All of these sad things arise out of capitalism.Sadly, our country values little more than money. It motivates our decisions and even influences entire political parties. We have gotten to the point in society where a human life comes secondary to our financial security. Any rational society would value life above all else and realize that health is a basic human right. Yet in our world, money comes first.I never once have claimed to be an economist and have no interest in debating the financial advantages of any economic system. Yet socialism surely looks better than what we have.If we lived in a socialist society, we would be a country without such an unfair wealth distribution. We would value friendship over business and we would treat one another as humans. Most importantly, however, is that money would stop controlling our lives and we could act how humans should act.Capitalism has created an “every man for himself” existence. Everything is a battle for limited resources and fuels. We have become so accustomed to the life value that we will do whatever we have to look out for ourselves. Yet is this really the kind of life we want?We have become so illusioned. We are tired of the misdirection. All economic systems have their issues, but I feel like ours is turning our country into something it shouldnt be. The good of man falls secondary to money. In our world, it is all about dollars and cents, which, unfortunately for most, makes no sense.11. In the authors opinion, the root cause of the present situation in his country is _.A. money B. peoples valueC. social unfairness D. social system12. According to the passage, which is NOT the characteristic of capitalism?A. individualism B. endless pursuit of wealthC. humanism D. great gap between the rich and the poor13. How does the author feel about his country?A. concerned B. angryC. skeptical D. hopeless14. Which of the following would the author agree with?A. Socialism is perfect.B. Health is equally important as wealth.C. The pursuit for wealth should be restricted.D. Life should be placed at the top of our considerations.15. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. How to Save America B. Capitalism Is in TroubleC. Why Is America in Trouble D. America Is in Trouble【答案】11. D 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. C【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章作者客观描述了自己的国家美国的现状以及造成这些问题的根源。【11题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第二段All of these sad things arise out of capitalism.可知作者认为造成他国家现状的根源是社会制度，故选D。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Capitalism has created an “every man for himself” existence.可知资本主义的特点之一是利己主义，排除A；根据第三段Yet in our world, money comes first.可知资本主义的特点之一是不断地追求财富，排除B；根据第二段A country where the poorcan hardly feed themselves while the rich decide which one of their 10 homes to stay at for the night. 可知资本主义的特点之一是贫富差距严重，排除D，故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。作者客观描述了自己的国家美国的现状以及造成这些问题的根源，所以可以推断出作者对于他的国家很关心。A. concerned关心；B. angry生气；C. skeptical怀疑的； D. hopeless绝望的，故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第三段We have gotten to the point in society where a human life comes secondary to our financial security. Any rational society would value life above all else and realize that health is a basic human right.（在社会中，我们已经到了这样一个地步:我们的经济安全比人的生命更重要。任何理性的社会都会把生命看得高于一切，并认识到健康是一项基本人权。）由此推断出作者会同意这个观点“生活应该放在我们考虑的首位。”故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章作者客观描述了自己的国家美国的现状以及造成这些问题的根源，所以这篇文章最好的题目是“美国为何陷入困境”，故选C。第二节 篇章填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。A kiln (窑) is a type of oven or furnace used to cure, harden, or burn certain materials. Depending onwhich materials are heated in it, a kiln may be square, tunnel shaped, or beehive shaped, and usually madeof brick or stone. _16_ It may be set as low as sixty-five degrees to cure grain or as high as 3,200degrees to transform limestone to quicklime (熟石灰)._17_They have a variety of purposes. The cement(水泥) industry uses revolving kilns to heatand separate raw materials. Bricks, pottery, and china made from clay must be fired, or hardened, in kilns.Certain kinds of coal and wood must be kiln-dried before they can be used. Hobbyists use small kilns tofire a variety of ceramic(陶瓷) objects.There are two main types of kilns. A periodic kiln, used to fire certain kinds of delicate china, is raisedto a high temperature and then completely cooled before its contents are removed. A continuous, or tunnelkiln contains several chambers, or zones, which heat, bake, and cool a product. Stacks of clay bricks movethrough a tunnel kiln on tracks. _18_Gas, oil, and coal are all used to heat modern kilns. _19_ But for special jobs, where cleanlinessand careful heat are important, kilns must be heated by electricity oven though it is more expensive. Smallkilns used in the home or in craft shops are also heated electrically because electricity is clean andconvenient._20_ When ancient people discovered that heat hardened some materials, they were able to makedurable household objects such as jugs and bowls. Today our museums display many kinds of ancientstatues and art objects that have lasted because they had been kiln-dried. They come from lands as far apartas China and Greece.A. Its temperature may vary.B. Then they come out, hardened, and cooled.C. Kilns are used in industry and in craft-making.D. Kilns have been in use for thousands of years.E. An electric kiln is a heating chamber used to transform materials.F. Most manufacturers use whichever material is cheapest in their area.G. Clay, when heated properly, becomes hard enough to form bowls and plates.【答案】16. A 17. C18. B 19. F20. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文阅读。文章主要向我们描述了窑的材料和烧制过程，以及它传承千年的中国文化。【16题详解】根据后句It may be set as low as sixty-five degrees to cure grain or as high as 3,200 degrees to transform limestone to quicklime (熟石灰).可知，它的温度可能会变化。故选A。【17题详解】根据后句They have a variety of purposes. The cement (水泥) industry uses revolving kilns to heat and separate raw materials.水泥工业用回转窑加热和分离原材料，可知窑用于工业和工艺制造。故选C。【18题详解】根据前句Stacks of clay bricks move through a tunnel kiln on tracks.一堆黏土砖通过一个隧道窑在轨道上移动，可知然后他们出来、硬化、冷却。故选B。【19题详解】根据后句But for special jobs, where cleanliness and careful heat（绝热）are important, kilns must be heated by electricity oven though it is more expensive.可知，大多数制造商使用他们地区最便宜的材料。故选F。【20题详解】根据后句When ancient people discovered that heat hardened some materials, they were able to make durable household objects such as jugs and bowls.可知，窑已经使用了数千年。故选D。【名师点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读。和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个句子。解题时，窑注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词，尤其是选择项和横线前后句子中相同或近似的词句，最终选出最符合语境的句子。第三次段考 第5页共9页第二部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分60分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。F