高中英语：unit2 lesson1 modern heroes学案（北师大版必修1）

Lesson1Modern Heroes学案预习与检测根据课文内容翻译以下短语：1.第一架载人宇宙飞船_（the first manned spaceship ）2.发射，升空_（lift off）3.和分离_ （separatefrom）4.因为_ （because of ）5.21小时的太空飞行_（the 21-hour space flight）6.第六次_ （for the sixth time ）7.做第七次环行_ （do the seventh circle）8.回到地球大气层_ （return into the earths atmosphere）9.安全着陆_ （ land safely ）10.朝等待他的人群招手_ （wave to the crowds waiting for him）知识探究一.重点单词1separate vt使分开，使脱离，使分裂，使隔离Theory shouldnt be separated from practice. 理论不应该脱离实际。 England is separated from France by the English Channel. 英国和法国被英吉利海峡隔开。 vi.分开，分手，分离，脱离 We didnt separate till 8 oclock. 我们到8点才分手。adj分开的，分离的，个别的，独立的 This is a separated group.这是一个独立的团体。We will go on separate holidays.我们将分别去度假。拓展：(1)separate A from B 把A 和B 分离/分开(2) A and B be separated by C A和B被C分开separate和divide比较divide是将一个整体分成若干部分；separate是把相互连接，相互混杂或相互靠近的事物分离开。Lets divide you into three groups.让我们你们分成三组。Please separate the good apples from the bad ones.请把好苹果和坏苹果分开。运用：选择填空(1) As we joined the crowed, I got _from my parents.A.spared B.lost C.separated D.missed答案： C get/be separated from意为“被分开”。(2)Taiwan, _ from the mainland by the Taiwan Strait, is not a _ country but part of China.A. separated; separate B. separate; separatedC. separated; separated D. separate; separate答案： Aget/be separated from意为“被分开”。它作定语或状语用过去分词。后separate是形容词2complete v.(1)完成 He completed his homework last night.他在昨天晚上把家庭作业完成了。(2)使完备，使完整One more volume will complete my set of Lu Xun.我只差一本书就可以有全套鲁迅作品。拓展： complete adj (1)完全的，全部的，完整的Is this a complete novel?这是一个完整的小说吗?Give me a complete set of Dickens novels.给我一套狄更斯全集。(2)（作表语）完成的，结束的When will the work be complete?这项工作什么时候完成? (3)（作定语）彻底的，完完全全的That result was a complete surprise to me.那个结果对我来说是完全意外complete和finish比较 complete比较正式，强调“结构或布局的完整性”，常常指工程或事业方面。finish 普通用语，强调“过程或步骤的完整性”，常常指工作或事务方面。 finish后可接动名词作“结束”解，而complete则不能。 finish往往指消极性的“完成”，complete则指积极性的“完成”。运用：选择填空(1)I need one more novel before my collection of Dickens novels_.A.is completed B.has completed C.completes D.had completed答案： A考查“主将从现”和被动语态。(2)When _, the place will be open to the public next year.A. to be completed B. being completed C. completed D. complete答案： C完整的句子是 When it is completed,考查“主将从现”和状语从句的省略。状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致且含有be 动词，可以将从句的主语和be动词省略，自然构成分词作状语。3wave vi（挥手）示意，致意；波动，飘动；(头发等)呈波形;卷曲She waved at him. 她对他挥手。Her hair waves naturally. 她的头发自然鬈曲。I waved to him from the window.我在窗口向他挥手致意。The weeping willow is waving in the breeze.垂柳在微风中摇曳。拓展：wave n.1)波，波浪 2)(手之)挥动,挥手示意 3)浪潮;(情绪的)高涨;(活动等的)高潮(+of) 如：He gave me a wave.他对我挥手。A wave of anger swept over him. 他心头涌起一股怒潮。wave sb goodbye =wave goodbye to sb.向某人挥手道别运用：翻译句子（1）她从窗户向我们挥手告别。答案：She waved us goodbye from the window.（2）旗帜在风中飘扬。答案：The flags were waving in the wind.（3） 她的头发自然鬈曲。答案：Her hair waves naturally.4. successful adj. 成功的 He is very successful.他非常成功。拓展：success n. 成功; succeed v.成功; fail v.失败; failure n.失败; succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事; fail to do sth.未能做成某事success 与 failure 是不可数名词，但表示“成功的人/事”，“失败的人/事”时是可数名词。运用：完成下列句子（1）He succeeded_(finish)the task on time.答案： in finishing(2)She is _ (success) as a teacher.答案: a success (3) He _ (fail) pass the exam.答案：failed to5. explore vt. 探测;探勘;在.探险They explored this desert region in 1923.他们于一九二三年在这荒漠地区探险。拓展：explore vt. 探究,探索The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links.大会探讨了在贸易上进一步加强联系的可能性。vi.探索;考察;探勘;探险exploration n. (+of) 勘查; 探测; 探索; 探究; 调查; 研究His father is working on the exploration of cancer.他的父亲在从事癌症的研究。运用：翻译（1）他们那时已经开始了对新世界的探索。答案： They have begun the exploration of the New Word.（2)对各种可能性的探索促进了社会的发展。答案：A full exploration of all the possibilities led to the social development.6. afterwards adv.以后,后来，然后He came back afterwards. 她然后就回来了。拓展：afterward ,afterwards与then的区别英国人只用afterwards,美国人.afterwards和afterward通用。then 有个固定搭配and then“Then”也可用于介词之后，例：From then on he refused to talk about it.从那以后他就不再谈这件事了。afterwards 一般用于句尾，运用：翻译下列句子（1)让我们以后再谈。答案：Lets talk afterwards（2)咱们先去看戏，然后再吃吧。答案：Lets go to the theatre first and eat afterwards.二.重点词组1because of prep因为，由于He missed the first bus because of getting up late in the morning.因为早晨他起来迟了，所以他没有赶上第一班车。拓展：because of 是介词短语，后跟名词，代词，动名词或 what引导的宾语从句， 在句中作表语或状语。Ive chosen them because of their colors.因为它们的颜色我选择了它们。He failed the exam because of his carelessness.他因为粗心没有通过考试。because 是连词，引导从句。试比较：He cried because of the bad news that his father died last night.他哭了，那是因为那个他父亲昨晚去世的坏消息。Ive chosen them because they are beautiful.因为它们美丽我选择了它们。表示“因为”含义的短语还有 thanks to ,due to, owing to ,as a result of ,for the sake of,on account of 等。其中due to 表原因时，不置于句首。运用：选择填空(1)Li Hua came very late not _the train but_ she was too tired.A. because of; because B. because; because ofC. for; for D. because; for答案：A because of 是介词短语，后跟名词，代词，动名词或 what引导的宾语从句 。而 because 是连词，引导从句 。(2) It was _her advice that we finish the task on time.A. because of B. thank to C. because D. on account for答案： A 参照单词6解释。D 是on account of 不是on account for。2.Chinas first manned spaceship lifted off中国第一艘载人宇宙飞船升空了lift off： (指火箭或飞行器）发射，升空，起飞；揭开They are watching spaceship lift off quietly.他们在静静地看着飞船升入太空。拓展：launch 也是“发射”的意思，但是及物动词。 含有lift的常见短语还有：(1) lift up 举起，提起；使振奋，使受到鼓舞(2) lift up ones voice 提高嗓音(3) give sb.a lift 让某人搭便车(4) lift down 拿下来(5)lift from 从.升起运用：选择填空(1)When I turned on TV, I happened to see the rocket _.A. launching B. lifting off C. sending up D. putting up答案：B 根据句意，宾补应该是不及物动词 且动作正在进行。(2) Can you give _? My car is broken.A. me a lift B. me lift C. lift D. my lift答案：A give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车3.work out （计）算出；理解；事情的进展情况；锻炼； 制定 。如：I couldnt work out what he said.我不理解他讲的。I cant work out the problem.我解决不了这个问题。You are fat, so you must work out regularly.你太胖了，应该定期锻炼。拓展：与work 连用的常见动词短语还有(1)work at从事于（跟学科名词）(2)work on 奏效；从事于(3) work for为.而工作(4)in work 有工作(5) out of work 失业(6) at work在工作运用 ：翻译下列句子（1）他有工作。答案 ：He is in work./He has a job.（2） 他们失业已经有三年了 。答案： They have been out of work for two years.（3）她在工作。答案：She is at work.（4）事情的结果对我们很不错。答案 ：The things worked out quite well for us .（5）他正在写一本新的小说。答案：He is working on a new novel.4.let out 释放，；发出（叫声等）；泄露（秘密）；（把衣服等）加宽The air in the tire was let out by the naughty boy.轮胎的气被那个淘气的男孩给放了。Mom let my shirt out.我母亲把我的衬衣加宽了。Dont let out the secret.不要泄露了这个秘密。拓展：与let 连用的常见动词短语还有：(1)let alone 更不用说；不管(2)let go 放开，释放(3) let sb. do sth.让某人做某事(4) let sb. down 使某人失望(5)let through 让通过，放过(6) let the cat out of the bag.漏底，泄露天机运用：选择填空He _ he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadnt been home for a couple of weeks.A. let out b. took care C. made sure D. made out（2020年湖南省高考题）答案： A let out 为“ 泄露”的意思5.at speed 与 with .speed拓展：at the speed of或者at speed，意为“以的速度”。而当speed被all, lightning,great等修饰时，介词应用with。 可用一句口诀来帮助记忆：都（all）以闪电般（lightning）大（great）的速度。运用：翻译（1）我们的车在公路上飞快行驶。答案： Our car was running with great speed on the road.（2）The Long March No2 Rocket sent up the satellite into space at the speed of 112kilometers per second答案： 长征二号火箭以每秒钟112公里的速度将卫星发射到太空。三.重要句型1The spaceship，called Shengzhou ，was carryingYang Liweicalled过去分词作非限制性定语拓展：过去分词和现在分词短语都可作定语。区别是如果分词短语与前面的逻辑主语是主谓关系用现在分词短语，是动宾关系的用过去分词短语。如：The man, talking with my father there, is a football player.那的男的是足球运动员，他正在和我父亲在那里讲话。This project，completed in July，brought water to the dry areas.这项工程于七月份完工，它给干旱地区带来了水。运用：翻译下列句子(1)那本小说非常好，是李雷买的。答案：The novel, bought by Li Lei, is very good.(2)那个人是我们的老师，他站在树前。答案： The man, standing in front of the tree, is our teacher.2. As Yang Liwei returned into., ready to collect him.ready to collect him为形容词短语作状语。拓展：形容词或形容词短语作状语，主要是表示主语的性质，状态或特征。如：He came back, cold and hungry.他回来了，又冷又饿。She cried, full of happiness.她哭了，充满了幸福。运用：翻译下列句子(1)他躺在那里，一点不能动。答案： He lay there, unable to move.(2)那孩子站在那里，充满了恐惧。答案：The boy stood there, full of fear.3. Pat was in the bathroom.when she heard a crash.when=at that time suddenly 这时，在那时，表示动作的突然性。如：I was doing my homework when there was a knock on the door.我正在做作业这是有人敲门。拓展：在下列结构中也是此意：was/were doing sth.when.正在做某事这时.had done sth.when. 刚刚做完某事这时.was/were about to do sth.when.= was/were on the point of doing sth.正要做某事这时.运用：选择填空(1)Kate was holidaying with her friends in the open air_ she was bitten on the leg by a snake.A. when B.while C. since D. until答案： A while后要跟延续性动词而bite不是。 when 为“这时”。(2) I was about