2020届高考英语词汇综合练系列01（三模前）（含解析）

2020届高考英语词汇综合练系列01（三模前）一、单项填空1-5代词、连词和名词1.(江苏省淮安市2020届高三五月模拟考试)My best friend who saved the two drowning boys from the freezingriver is a kind and brave person, _ that is worth respecting for ever.A. that B. one C. it D. what【答案】B【解析】one代替上文中出现过的名词a kind and brave person。句意：我最好的朋友从冰水中拯救了两名溺水的男孩，他是一个十分善良勇敢，值得尊敬的人。故选B。2.(江苏省盐城市2020届高三年级第三次模拟考试)Of the forces shaping higher education _ is more sweeping than the movement across borders.A. nothing B. none C. either D. anything【答案】B3.(江苏省沭阳县如东中学2020届高三夏令营检测)Most of the visitors were happy just sitting around in the shade, _ it had been a long, dusty journey on the train.A. for B. so C. but D. or【答案】A【解析】句意：因为坐火车的旅程漫长而又枯燥无味，游客中的绝大多数人只是坐在树荫下就觉得很快乐了。 for连接两个并列句，表示间接原因。根据题干中的a long, dusty journey和happy判断上下文有因果关系。故选A。4.(江苏省南京市2020届高三第三次模拟考试)The International Monetary Fund has received both criticism and _ for its efforts to promote financial stability, prevent crises, facilitate trade, and reduce poverty.A. worship B. creditC. argumentD. privilege【答案】B【解析】句意：国际货币基金组织因为它在促进金融稳定、制止危机、促进贸易和减少贫困方面作出的努力而毁誉参半。worship尊重；credit赞扬；argument争执；privilege特权。criticism与credit相匹配。故选B。5.(江苏省南京市2020届高三第三次模拟考试)Some tourists visiting Tiananmen Square during the holiday left a _ of litter everywhere they went.A. trail B. dot C. chain D. track【答案】A【解析】句意：一些在假期期间游览北京天安门的游客在他们所到之处留下了一堆堆的垃圾。 trail痕迹，一缕；dot小圆点；chain链子，连锁店；track痕迹。a trail of一串串、一缕缕、一堆堆。故选A。6-10介词和介词短语6.(江苏省南京市2020届高三第三次模拟考试)If Kate had known what was _ for her, she would not have married Tom.A. in response B. in return C. in reaction D. in store【答案】D【解析】A. in response反应； B. in return作为回报；C. in reaction回应；D. in store储存，准备。本句中in store for sb.(某人面临)。例如：Who knows what lies in store for the President? 谁知道总统将要面临什么？句意：如果凯特早知道面临着她的是什么的话，她就不会和汤姆结婚了。故选D。7.(江苏省淮安市2020届高三五月模拟考试)Ding Junhui plays _ Gary Wilson in the semifinal of the2020 World Snooker China Open in Beijing, April 4, 2020.A. over B. for C. against D. with【答案】C【解析】over在上面；for因为，当做，作为；against反对，违背，同竞争/对决；with伴随，一致；句意：丁俊晖和Gary Wilson于2020年4月4日在北京举行的2020年斯诺克世锦赛的半决赛上对决。故选C。8.(2020届福建泉州第五中学高三5月模拟)_ the quickening pace of life, competition goes increasinglyfierce in all respects of life, bringing great pressure as well as plentiful chances to everyone.A. In spite of B. By means ofC. On account of D. In terms of【答案】C9.(江苏省盐城市2020届高三年级第三次模拟考试)To survive in the world, we have to act _ others, but to survive as ourselves, we have to act alone.A. in honor of B. in concert with C. in light of D. in contact with【答案】B【解析】in honor of以的荣誉，为了纪念；in concert with和相呼应，与合作，和一致；in light of根据，鉴于，从观点来看；in contact with和相联系。句意：为了在世界上生存下去，我们必须与别人合作，但为了自我生存下去我们必须单独行动。故选B项。10.(2020届福建福州第一中学高三5月质量检测)Owing to heavy traffic jams, many people would like to choose the train _ driving.A. in preference to B. in addition toC. in answer to D. in relation to【答案】A【解析】in preference to优先于；in addition to除之外；in answer to回答，应要求；in relation to关于，涉及。句意：由于拥堵的交通堵塞的缘故，很多人都更愿意去乘坐火车很多人都喜欢选择乘坐火车而不愿意自己驾车。根据句意理解可知此处表达的意思是由于此原因，许多人更愿意选择乘火车而不是自己驾车。故选A。11-16副词和形容词11.(江苏省南京市2020届高三第三次模拟考试)Your argument is _. I wont let you pass.Are you kidding?A. sound B. rationalC. liberalD. plain【答案】D【解析】你的论点平淡无奇。我不会让你通过的。你在开玩笑吧？sound合情合理的；rational可选择的；liberal自由的；plain平淡无奇的。根据句意选D。12.(江苏省南京市2020届高三第三次模拟考试)In this movie-going season, women are driving ticket sales to a degree _, if ever, seen before.A. reallyB. frequentlyC. rarelyD. never【答案】C13.(江苏省淮安市2020届高三五月模拟考试)You get a lot of criticism, but you just have to carry on _.A. nevertheless B. fairly C. regardlessD. sincerely【答案】C【解析】nevertheless尽此，然而，不过；fairly相当地，完全；regardless不顾；sincerely真诚地。句意：你受到许多批评，但无论如何你必须坚持下去。故选C。14.(江苏省盐城市2020届高三年级第三次模拟考试)Cathy, in my opinion, is very _.Absolutely! She prefers home life to going out.A. domestic B. energetic C. dynamic D. enthusiastic【答案】A【解析】句意：在我看来，凯西很是恋家。确实！她更喜欢家庭生活而不喜欢外出。domestic家庭的，家的，热心家务的；energetic精力充沛；dynamic有活力；enthusiastic热情。故选A项。15.(江苏省盐城市2020届高三年级第三次模拟考试)Nobody in life gets _ what they thought they were going to get.But if you work really hard and youre kind, amazing things will happen.A. simply B. exactly C. seemingly D. really【答案】B【解析】simply仅仅，的确；exactly完全地，准确地；seemingly表面上看来，好像；really真地。句意：生活中没有人会完全地得到他们认为他们会得到的东西。但是如果你真地努力工作并且心态平和，让人意想不到的惊喜肯定会发生。故选B。16.(2020届福建福州第一中学高三5月质量检测)The fast popularity of cloud computing means netizens willneed to take added measures to make sure their data stay _ in the digital age.A. accurate B. stable C. unknown D. secure【答案】D【解析】accurate精确的；stable稳定的；unknown未知的；secure安全的。句意：云计算的迅速蹿红意味着网民们需要采取更多的手段去确保他们的数据在这个数据化的时代里面的安全性。根据句意故选D。17-30动词和动词短语17.(江苏省南京市2020届高三第三次模拟考试)Kingsman: The Secret Service is a spy action comedy film. Wants to come with me?Id love to, but my best friend is getting married, and I wont _ it for anything.A. overlook B. trade C. miss D. forget【答案】C18.(江苏省南京市2020届高三第三次模拟考试)He started school the same day as I did and _ to it like a duck to water.A. appealed B. took C. catered D. saw【答案】B【解析】appeal to对吸引力；take to开始喜欢；cater for迎合，顾及；see to注意。句意：他和我同一天开始上学，如鱼得水般地喜欢上了学校生活。根据题干中的“like a duck to water(如鱼得水)”来判断，故选B。19.(江苏省淮安市2020届高三五月模拟考试)To the publics delight, a large number of government officials who _ their power have been well punished.A. ignored B. abused C. obtained D. countered【答案】B【解析】ignore忽视；abuse滥用；obtain得到；counter反击；句意：令公众高兴的是，许多滥用职权的政府官员得到了应有的惩罚。故选B。20.(江苏省盐城市2020届高三年级第三次模拟考试)We tend to _ happiness with freedom, but, as a psychotherapist and writer has observed, without obstacles to our desires its harder to know what we want, or where were heading.A. combine B. compare C. equip D. equate【答案】D【解析】combine结合；compare对比；equip装备；equate等同。句意：我们往往把幸福等同于自由。但是，正如一位心理治疗师兼作家的人所观察到的那样，如果我们的愿望不会遇到任何障碍就能实现，我们就很难知道我们想要什么或者我们的方向在哪里。故选D项。21.(江苏省盐城市2020届高三年级第三次模拟考试)Hillary Clinton, at the first official event of her presidential campaign, _ the ideas that she said will be at the heart of her campaign.A. spelt out B. crossed out C. made up D. covered up【答案】A【解析】句意：希拉里克林顿在第一次总统竞选官方活动中清楚地说明她说的观点将是她的竞选活动的核心。spelt out清楚地说明；crossed out删去；made up编造；covered up掩盖；根据词义可知，故选A项。22.(2020届福建龙岩市高中毕业班5月教学质量检查)Half a century ago, parts of the Thames were _“biologically dead” because of the pollution.A. declared B. imagined C. sensed D. marked【答案】A23.(2020届福建龙岩市高中毕业班5月教学质量检查)In the world today, local conflicts and terrorist attacks are_ constantly .A. dying out B. bursting outC. running out D. giving out【答案】B【解析】dying out(指物种、家族、习惯、观念等)绝迹，消失，绝种，绝灭，淘汰；bursting out爆发，突发；running out用完，耗尽； giving out分发，发出。句意：当今世界，局部冲突和恐怖袭击此起彼伏。根据句意，故选B。24.(2020届福建泉州第五中学高三5月模拟)I need to obtain a part-time job because my mothers income can not _ the cost of my school fees.A. pay B. spend C. take D. cover【答案】D【解析】pay支付；spend花费；take拿走；cover包括，覆盖。句意：我需要去找一份兼职的工作，因为我妈妈的收入支付不了我的学费。根据对句意的理解可知此句中空缺部分的cover the cost是固定搭配，意为支付，故选C。25.(2020届福建泉州第五中学高三5月模拟)We have no doubt that if the students interest in the subject is motivated, they will _ the challenge and commit more of their time and energy to their studies.A. face up to. B. keep pace withC. put up with. D. live up to【答案】A【解析】face up to大胆面对，正面对付；keep pace with赶上，保持同步；put up with忍受，容忍；live up to不辜负，履行。句意：我们对此毫无疑问：如果学生对一门科目很感兴趣，那他们会面对挑战，并且会在学习上花费更多的时间和精力。根据句意理解可知此处表达的意思是他们会正面应对，故选A。26.(2020届福建福州第一中学高三5月质量检测)After graduation from college, Joe _ for a year seeing the country before he went to work in his fathers business.A. knocked about B. knocked overC. knocked down D. knocked off【答案】A【解析】knock about漫游，无目的地游逛；knock over打翻，撞到；knock down撞到；knock off击倒。句意：乔大学毕业后用一年时间周游全国，然后才去他父亲的企业上班。故选A。27.(2020届湖北襄阳第五中学高三5月模拟一)The Boston Museum of Fine Arts has already _ to lease part of its collection to a museum in Japan.A. contracted B. admittedC. contrasted D. adjusted【答案】A【解析】contracted签合同； admitted承认；contrasted对比，比较；adjusted适应，调整。句意：波士顿美术馆早就签订了合同，同意把它的一些藏品租借给日本的一家博物馆。故选A项。28.(2020届湖北襄阳第五中学高三5月模拟一)As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _ scenes of my childhood.A. caught up B. called upC. caught on D. called on【答案】B29.(2020届湖北襄阳第五中学高三5月模拟一)Four dollars a pair? I think its a bit too much.If you buy three pairs, the price for each will _ to three fifty.A. come down B. take downC. turn over D. go over【答案】A【解析】句意：四美元一双？我觉得有点贵了。如果你买三双，每双降价到三点五美元。come down下来，降低；take down记下；turn over移交给，把反过来；go over重温，复习。根据句意可知是降价，故选A项。30.(2020届湖北襄阳第五中学高三5月模拟一)Although New Zealand has a huge variety of scenery, some of the best can only be _ on foot, as it ranges from glaciers to subtropical forests.A. accelerated B. progressedC. accessed D. Processed【答案】C【解析】句意：虽然新西兰有各种各样美丽的景色，它们的类别从冰川到亚热带雨林，但一些最好的景色只能步行去游览。accelerated加速；progressed进步；accessed进入，接近；processed处理，加工。故选C项。二、短文填词(改编自河北省保定市2020届高三期末调研)Polar bears live in such environment that is too cold for most animals. For much of the year, they live and hunt on the 1 (freeze)Arctic sea ice. Nature has prepared them for the cold conditions but nothing has prepared them for the danger 2 threatens their only home.The polar bears world is melting. Polar bears 3 (suffer) in a warmer world are in danger. Studies show that the polar ice 4 (reduce) by 9.8% every 10 years since 1978. At present, about 20,000 to 25,000 polar bears live in the Arctic. Polar bears depend on the sea ice for their 5 (survive). “The sea ice is more than just the platform that the bears walk 6 ,” says Andrew Derocher, who studies North American polar bear populations. “Without 7 , they cant exist.”Some melting and refreezing of the polar ice is natural. But in a 8 (warm) world, these cycles speed up, and bears have less time to hunt. 9 (normal), they have three months in the spring when they gain more weight and the extra fat is used later, 10 the bears are not actively hunting. Therefore, it is urgent to protect the environment and maintain the ecological balance.语篇解读：本文讲述了北极熊在北极的生存状况正在恶化。1.【答案】frozen【解析】考查过去分词作形容词。这里用形容词修饰名词, frozen 冰冻的。句意：一年中的大部分时间，它们在冰冻的北极海冰上生活和狩猎。2.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。这里the danger是先行词，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that/which。句意：大自然为它们准备了寒冷的环境，但是没有为它们准备抵御威胁它们的唯一家园的危险。3.【答案】suffering【解析】考查非谓语动词。suffering in a warmer world是非谓语动词短语做后置定语修饰Polar bears，Polar bears是suffer的逻辑主语，所以用动词的-ing形式suffering。句意：在一个变得更加温暖的世界中煎熬的北极熊正处于危险之中。4.【答案】has reduced【解析】考查谓语动词的时态。since 1978提示是现在完成时，the polar ice相当于it和reduce是主谓关系，所以用主动语态has reduced。句意：自从1978年以来北极的冰每十年减少9.8%。5.【答案】survival【解析】考查名词。前面有形容词性物主代词their，所以用名词形式survival。句意：北极熊要依靠海冰来生存。6.【答案】on【解析】考查介词。the platform 和不及物动词walk之间加on才能构成介词和宾语的关系，即walk on the platform。句意：海冰不仅仅是北极熊行走的平台。7.【答案】it【解析】考查代词。it指the polar ice，意思是：没有极地冰，北极熊就不可能存在。8.【答案】warmer9.【答案】Normally【解析】考查副词。这里用副词修饰全句。10.【答案】when【解析】考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意：正常情况下，他们在春天有3个月的时间使自己变胖储存额外的脂肪以备后用，也就是在北极熊不能积极主动去打猎的时候用。三、完形填空(改编自江苏省扬州中学2020届高三下学期开学2月考试)When I was a teenager, my dad did everything he could to dissuade(劝阻)me from becoming a brewer(酿酒师). Hed spent his life in local breweries, 1making a living, as had his father and grandfather before him.So I did as he asked. I went to business school and got a highly paid job at a business-consulting firm. 2 , after working there five years, I was haunted by 3 . Is this what I want to be doing when Im 50?I remembered that some time before, my dad had been cleaning out the attic and 4 some old beer5 . “Todays beer is 6 water that can hold a head,” hed told me.I agreed. Americans pay good money for 7 beer, I thought. Why not make good beer for Americans using my family way?I decided to quit my job to become a brewer. When I told Dad, I was hoping hed put his arm around me and get 8 about continuing tradition. Instead he said, “Jim, that is the 9 thing Ive ever heard!”10 Dad objected, in the end he became my new companys first 11 , coughing up(支付) $40,000 when I opened the Boston Beer Company in 1984. Going from my fancy office to being a brewer was like mountain climbing: exciting, liberating and 12 . All my safety nets were gone.Once the beer was made, I faced my biggest 13 yet: no one had ever heard of it. I needed a name that was 14 and elegant, so I called my beer Samuel Adams, 15 the brewer and patriot(爱国者)who helped to found the Boston Tea Party.The only way to get the word out, I realized, was to sell direct. I filled my briefcase with beer and 16every bar in Boston. Six weeks later, at the Great American Beer Festival, Sam Adams Boston Lager won the top prize for American beer. The rest is history. It wasnt supposed to 17 this waywhat ever does? but in the end I was 18 to be a brewer.My advice to all young entrepreneurs is simple: life is very long, so dont 19 to make decisions. Life doesnt let you 20 .语篇解读：本文通过作者违背“不要做一个酿酒师”的父训，最终成为了一个成功啤酒制造商的故事给读者以启示：生命是一段漫长的过程，所以我们不必急于做出人生的抉择，因为它不需要任何人去谋划，机会到了就勇敢的去实现心中的理想吧!1. A. easilyB. barelyC. sufficientlyD. adequately【答案】B2. A. StillB. OtherwiseC. ThoughD. Anyhow【答案】A【解析】still但是，然而(表示转折)；otherwise否则(表示条件)；though虽然，尽管(表示让步)；anyhow无论如何，总之，不管怎样(表示条件)。根据上下文语境这儿应该表示转折。上文说“我进了一所商业学校学习，后来在一家商业咨询的公司得到了一份薪水丰厚的工作”，下文的“haunt(时常萦绕心头，使困窘)”说明作者对自己的目前状况产生了困惑，所以上下文是转折关系。故选答案A。3. A. fearB. desireC. regretD. doubt【答案】D【解析】上文的“haunt(时常萦绕心头，使困窘)”和后面的问句，我们可以得到答案为“doubt疑虑，疑问，疑惑”。fear害怕，恐惧；desire渴望；regret遗憾，后悔。故选答案D。本段译文：因此我也就按他的意愿做了。我进了一所商业学校学习，后来在一家商业咨询的公司得到了一份薪水丰厚的工作然而，在那里工作了五年之后，我头脑中又萦绕起一丝疑虑：难道这就是我想一直做到50岁的工作吗？4. A. brought aboutB. picked outC. put downD. came across【答案】D【解析】bring out出版，取出(某物)，呈出(某物)，说出；pick out挑选，取出；put down放下，镇压，记下；come across偶遇，偶然发现。根据上文的“父亲在整理阁楼”可以推断这里应该是“偶然发现”。故选答案D。5. A. receiptsB. cansC. recipesD. labels【答案】C【解析】receipt收据，发票；can罐头，容器；recipe食谱，处方，秘诀；. label标签。全文讲的事与“酿酒”有关，那么“酿酒”当然应该与“recipe食谱，处方，秘诀”有关。故答案选C。6. A. basicallyB. particularlyC. roughlyD. exactly【答案】A【解析】basically基本地；particularly特别地；roughly粗略地；exactly恰恰，确切地，精确地，完全地，全然。本句中的“can hold a head”意为“能够支撑起上端”，啤酒的上端是什么，根据常识推断应该是起花的泡沫，所以除了上端的泡沫外，其它基本是水。故选答案A。本段译文：记得不久前，父亲在整理阁楼时，偶然找到了一些古老的啤酒配方。他告诉我：“现在的啤酒基本上都是水，只是面上有一些泡沫。”7. A. inferiorB. superbC. fakeD. sour【答案】A【解析】inferior低劣的，下级的，下等的；superb极好的，华丽的，丰盛的，豪华的，杰出的；fake冒牌货，赝品；sour有酸味的。根据上文的“pay good money花大价钱”和下文的“make good beer酿造好的啤酒”推断是“花大价钱买劣质啤酒”。故选答案A。本段译文：他说得对。美国人是在花大价钱买劣质啤酒。为什么不用我们家的配方为美国人酿造好的啤酒呢？8. A. miserableB. amusedC. mistyD. concerned【答案】C【解析】miserable悲惨的，令人痛苦的；amused愉快的，被逗笑的，顽皮的；misty(眼睛)泪汪汪的，模糊的，多雾的，被雾笼罩的；concerned有关(方面)，被牵连的，担心的，烦恼的。根据上文“I was hoping hed put his arm around me我希望他会拥抱我”和下文的“continuing tradition继承传统”来推断作者希望父亲听了他的决定后因激动而“泪汪汪的”。故选答案C。9. A. smartestB. dumbestC. toughestD. rudest【答案】B10. A. As soon asB. As much asC. As far asD. As long as【答案】B【解析】as soon as一就(表示时间)；as much as表示程度；as far as至于，远到(表示距离)；as long as只要(表示条件)。根据上文所说“吉姆，这是我所听到过的最愚蠢的话!”可以推断父亲对作者的决定是“极力反对的”。故答案选B。11. A. employerB. customerC. salesmanD. investor【答案】D【解析】employer雇主；customer顾客；salesman推销员，售货员，店员；investor投资者，出资者。根据下文“coughing up(支付) $40,000”说明父亲给作者的企业进行了投资。故答案选D。12. A. inspiringB. relaxingC. frighteningD. pushing【答案】C【解析】inspiring鼓舞人心的，激励的