北京市海淀区2020届高三英语下学期二模考试试卷（含解析）

北京海淀区2020届高三二模 英语模拟试题第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）ASpring is coming. Everything is waking from its winter sleep. The fields _1_(dress) in a fresh robe of green. The wild flowers begin to peep forth(隐隐露出). Birds sing among the trees, and begin to get their nests ready _2_ summer. Men are now sowing seeds in the fields. The days are _3_(warm), for brighter sunshine has come again. Everything is full of life and joy.【答案】1. are dressed2. for 3. warmer【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了春天来到，万物复苏的景象。【1题详解】考查时态，语态。田野上穿着一件新鲜的绿色长袍。dress意为“给穿衣服”。表示“穿着”，应用be dressed结构。根据前两句可知，该空应用一般现在时态。且主语是复数名词fields，故填are dressed。【2题详解】考查介词。ready常和介词for搭配，表示“为做好准备”，故填介词for。【3题详解】考查形容词比较级。根据后面的brighter sunshine可知，该句表达：因为更明亮的阳光又来了，所以天更暖和了。且该空作表语，故填形容词的比较级warmer。BAstronauts are people who go out into space. Being an astronaut is an exciting job. While in space, astronauts can look down and see _4_（cloud）, land, and water. They can even see the moon up close. Astronauts get the chance _5_(see) more stars than you or I have ever seen. Being an astronaut may be exciting, _6_ it is not an easy job. A person who _7_(want) to be an astronaut has to study for years. There are many things an astronaut must learn to do before going into space.【答案】4. clouds5. to see 6. but7. wants【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了宇航员在太空中见到的景象，宇航员工作的特点等相关信息。【4题详解】考查名词。该空作see的宾语，应用名词，且空中的云彩不止一朵，故应用名词复数形式。故填clouds。【5题详解】考查非谓语动词。the chance后常接动词不定式作定语，故填to see。【6题详解】考查连词。前句句意：当宇航员可能是令人兴奋的。空后句意：当宇航员不容易。前后两句之间是转折关系，故填连词but。【7题详解】考查主谓一致。who _4_(want) to be an astronaut是定语从句，修饰a person，引导词在从句中作主语，根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填wants。CToday, our class went to “The Fishery”, _8_ is a local fish store, because we are learning about fish: where they live and how they are different from people. Inside the store it was very dark, except for the bright lights on top of each tank. The girl _9_(work) in the store told me that the lights are neon, and they are used to show off the bright colours of each fish. Under the lights, the fish were blue, purple, yellow, and green. They _10_(look) so beautiful that I wanted to take all of them home.【答案】8. which9. working 10. looked【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者和同学们去一个名叫“The Fishery”的鱼店的所见所闻。【8题详解】考查定语从句。_1_ is a local fish store是非限制性定语从句，修饰The Fishery，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。【9题详解】考查非谓语动词。“_2_(work) in the store”是定语，修饰the girl，the girl和work之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作定语，故填working。【10题详解】考查时态。根据后面的“I wanted to”和前文语境可知，该句叙述的是过去的情况，故用一般过去时态。故填looked。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Double TroubleWhen I was eight, I wanted a toy and needed $10 to buy it. But, as usual, I was broken. I decided to ask my 11-year-old sister, Kathleen, for a loan. I went to her room, _11_her for the cash. Laughing, she agreed to_12_ me the money, but added, “I will charge you 10 percent compound interest every _13_until you pay me back.”“Compound interest-whats that?” I asked.“Well, interest is what you call the_14_money borrowers have to pay back on a loan,” she explained. “Compound interest means that the interest payments get bigger and bigger the_15_you take to pay back the loan. To repay the loan, you will need to give me $11 after one month. If you wait two months to pay me back, your_16_ will grow from $10 to $11. So Ill be charging you interest on $11. Then I will add that interest to the $11 you already owe me, for a _17_of $12.10. Thats what youll owe after two months.”“Sure. I get it,” I said. Though truthfully, I was getting _18_.Kathleen lent me the money, and I bought the toy. My birthday came a month later, and my mom gave me $10. _19_,that was just the amount I needed to buy another toy I wanted _20_. I put off paying my sister for a month. After another month, I_21_about the loan.Several months later, on Christmas morning, my sister and I each found a $02 bill in our stockings. I was just putting it into my pocket _22_Kathleen tapped me on the shoulder.“Sorry kiddo. Thats mine. Im _23_on your debt.”“Huh?” Then I remembered the loan. “Hey! How can it be that much? I _24_borrowed $10.”“True,” she said, “but interest has been compounding for eight months. Now you _25_me $21.43.” She paused, then added. “You can pay me the $1.43.”I _26_to believe that a $10 loan could more than double so quickly. Much to my _27_, my sister got her pencil and tablet and showed me exactly how it all added up.My head _28_as I tried to keep track of Kathleens _29_, but this time, I got the basic idea of compound interest. I _30_the hard way that borrowing money can be “double trouble” in no time.11. A. blamingB. beggingC. searchingD. preparing12. A. payB. sendC. lendD. hand13. A. monthB. yearC. weekD. day14. A. littleB. sameC. enoughD. extra15. A. shorterB. longerC. moreD. less16. A. cashB. savingC. noteD. debt17. A. totalB. costC. numberD. bill18. A. encouragedB. shockedC. confusedD. satisfied19. A. GraduallyB. ObviouslyC. UnfortunatelyD. Hopefully20. A. seriouslyB. anxiouslyC. secretlyD. desperately21. A. forgotB. knewC. talkedD. cared22. A. afterB. untilC. whileD. when23. A. carryingB. collectingC. relyingD. focusing24. A. normallyB. nearlyC. onlyD. really25. A. oweB. offerC. takeD. give26. A. decidedB. refusedC. pretendedD. managed27. A. reliefB. delightC. annoyanceD. regret28. A. turnedB. noddedC. stuckD. hurt29. A. calculationsB. excusesC. directionsD. discoveries30. A. exploredB. learnedC. explainedD. questioned【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B 16. D 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者八岁时一次借钱的经历。本来作者只借了姐姐10美元，可是最终作者的债务累加到了21.43美元。经过这次经历，作者明白了借钱可能会给自己带来双重麻烦这个道理。11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. blaming责备；B. begging恳求；C. searching搜索，搜寻；D. preparing准备。我需要钱，去恳求姐姐借钱。B选项正确。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. pay付钱；B. send送，派；C. lend借给；D. hand递。姐姐同意借给我钱。C选项正确。【13题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. month月；B. year年；C. week周；D. day日。由第三段中的“To repay the loan, you will need to give me $11 after one month”可知，姐姐答应借给我钱，但是要作者每个月付10%的利息。A选项正确。【14题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. little不多的，小的；B. same同样的；C. enough足够的；D. extra额外的。利息是借钱人在归还贷款时额外付的钱。D选项正确。【15题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. shorter更短的；B. longer更长的；C. more更多的；D. less更少的。归还贷款需要的时间越长，所需支付的利息就越多。B选项正确。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. cash现金；B. saving积蓄；C. note钞票；D. debt债务。姐姐告诉我：“如果你等两个月归还我的钱，那么，你的债务将从10美元增加到11美元。” D选项正确。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. total总数；B. cost花费，成本；C. number数目；D. bill账单。如果作者两个月才归还姐姐的钱的话，那么，利滚利，最终作者要归还的总数为12.10美元。A选项正确。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. encouraged受到鼓励的；B. shocked震惊的；C. confused困惑的；D. satisfied满意的。根据though可知，我告诉姐姐我明白了。但是，说实话，我很困惑。C选项正确。【19题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Obviously明显地；C. Unfortunately不幸地；D. Hopefully充满希望地。我生日那天，妈妈给了我10美元，不幸地是，那笔钱恰恰就是我买另一个玩具所需要的钱。C选项正确。【20题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A. seriously严肃地，认真地；B. anxiously焦虑地；C. secretly秘密地；D. desperately极度地。作者特别想要再买一个礼物。D选项正确。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. forgot忘记；B. knew认识，知道；C. talked交谈；D. cared在意。由下文中“Huh?” Then I remembered the loan”可知，又过了一个月，作者忘记了自己借的钱，到了圣诞节经姐姐提醒才想起来。A选项正确。【22题详解】考查连词词义辨析。A. after在之后；B. until直到；C. while当时候；D. when当时候。作者正要把20美元放到自己的口袋里，这时候姐姐拍了拍他的肩膀。be doingwhen意为“正要做某事这时突然”。D选项正确。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. carrying携带，运送；B. collecting收取；C. relying依靠；D. focusing（使）集中。姐姐告诉作者：“我要收债了”。B选项正确。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A. normally正常地；B. nearly几乎；C. only仅仅；D. really的确，确实。作者经过姐姐提醒，记起了自己的债务。但是他认为自己没借那么多钱，他只借了10美元。C选项正确。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. owe欠；B. offer（主动）提供；C. take带走；D. give给。姐姐告诉作者，过了八个月，作者欠她21.43美元。A选项正确。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. decided决定；B. refused拒绝；C. pretended假装；D. managed设法做到。作者不相信10美元的借款会这么快就会加倍。B选项正确。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. relief缓解；B. delight高兴；C. annoyance恼怒；D. regret后悔，遗憾。令作者感到生气的是，姐姐拿来铅笔和便签簿，向作者展示这个钱数是怎么来的。C选项正确。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. turned转动；B. nodded点头；C. stuck粘贴，粘；D. hurt疼痛。当作者努力地想弄清楚姐姐的计算时，作者很头疼。D选项正确。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. calculations计算；B. excuses借口，理由；C. directions方向；D. discoveries发现。由上面的“my sister got her pencil and tablet and showed me exactly how it all added up”可知，姐姐给作者计算这个钱数是怎么来的。故A选项正确。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. explored探索；B. learned学会；C. explained解释；D. questioned询问，质疑。作者通过这次经历学会了借钱可能会给自己带来双重麻烦这个道理。B选项正确。【点睛】完形填空解题技巧：上下联系寻信息：文章中，句与句之间、段与段之间紧密相连、浑然一体。因此，完形填空中经常会出现前面的信息为后面的空白提供暗示，而后面的信息有可能是前面空白的答案的情况。这时，考生切不可死盯空白不放，而要联系上下文，寻求信息以确定答案。例如11小题。由下文中“Huh?” Then I remembered the loan可知，作者本来忘记了自己借的钱，到了圣诞节经姐姐提醒才想起来。这是典型的通过上下文联系来确定答案的例子。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AMy First Day of SchoolFear started taking over, I was walking into my first school in America. I had traveled a long distance from India in order to join my parents, who had been for three years, hoping America would help my future. My father decided that I would be better off going to school here, so I enrolled(登记)in the local high school in my new town.I was afraid how I would do. On the first day, I went to my second period class after I had missed my first. With anxiety, I reached for the door, opening it slowly. Without paying attention to my classmates, I went straight to the teacher and asked if this was the right class. With a soft voice he answered. “Yes.” His voice comforted me a little. He gave me a sheet called Course Requirements, which I would never get in India because we didnt have anything like that. Then he asked me to choose where I would sit. I didnt actually want to pick a seat. In India we had fixed seats, so I never needed to worry about that. I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the image produced by the overhead projector. In Indian schools, we didnt use the technology we had. We had to take notes as the teacher spoke.It was noon. I was very confused about when I would have lunch. I went to my next class and the bell rang as I entered. I went through the regular process of asking the teacher if I was in the right class. She said, “Its still fourth period.”“But the bell just rang,” I said.Changing from a gentle tone to a harsher(刺耳的)one, she said, “That is the lunch bell, young man.”I apologized. Without another word I headed for the cafeteria. I felt lucky because we didnt have this in India. Every confusion seemed like a barrier I had to get through to reach my goal. At the end of the day, I was on my way to the bus which we didnt have in India either. I spotted my bus and sat down inside happily. I was thinking, today wasnt o bad.31. The author attended an American high school because _.A. his father preferred American schoolsB. his family wanted him to have a bright futureC. his mother had worked in it for 3 yearsD. he had been longing to leave his homeland32. What do we know about the authors first day of school?A. He went to the wrong class for the second periodB. He met some enthusiastic teachers and classmatesC. He got the Course Requirements sheet from his classmateD. He experienced differences from the Indian schools in many ways33. How did the author feel at the end of the day?A. WorriedB. PuzzledC. RelievedD. Excited【答案】31. B 32. D 33. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者从印度来到美国，在美国上高中。作者记叙了第一天上学的经历和感受。【31题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“I had traveled join my parents, hoping America would help my future. My father decided that I would be better off going to school here”可知，作者的父母希望美国会对作者的未来有好处，在美国上学作者会更好。故B选项“父亲希望作者有个光明的未来。”正确。【32题详解】推理判断题。由第二段和第三段中的“He gave me a sheet called Course Requirements, which I would never get in India，I didnt actually want to pick a seat. In India we had fixed seats，I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the image produced by the overhead projector. In Indian schools, we didnt use the technology we hadI felt lucky because we didnt have this in India”可知，作者在美国上学的第一天，遇到了很多和印度不一样的地方。例如：自己选择座位，课程安排等。故结合选项，D选项正确。【33题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“I was afraid how I would do. On the first day, I went to my second period class after I had missed my first. With anxiety”和最后一段中的“I spotted my bus and sat down inside happily. I was thinking, today wasnt so bad”可知，作者一开始非常害怕，非常焦虑，但是到了这一天结束的时候，他感觉这一天不是那么糟糕。由此可以推知，作者的焦虑最终得以缓解。C选项正确。【点睛】细节理解题主要的答题策略：细心审题，直接就题找答案。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。在第一题中，考生直接可以根据题干中的“American high school”确定信息在第一段。再由第一段“I had traveled join my parents, hoping America would help my future. My father decided that I would be better off going to school here”可直接确定答案。BWhy do you go to the library? For books yes-but you like books because they tell stories. You hope to get lost in a story or be transported into someone elses life. At one type of library, you can do just that-even though theres not a single book.At a Human Library, instead of books, you can “borrow” people. Individuals volunteer as human “books” and participants in the event can “read” the book-meaning they would have a one-on-one conversation with the volunteer and share in a dialogue about that individuals experience. “Books” are volunteers from all walks of life who have experienced discrimination (歧视) based on race, religion, class, gender identity, age, lifestyle choices, disability and other aspects of their lifeFor a certain amount of time, you can ask them questions and listen to their stories, which are as fascinating and as attractive as any you can find in a book. Many of the stories have to do with some kind of stereotype. You can speak with a refugee (难民), a soldier suffering from PTSD, a homeless person or a woman living with HIV. The Human Library encourages people to challenge their own long-held beliefs-to truly get to know, and learn from someone they might otherwise make a quick judgment about.According to its website, the Human Library is “a place where difficult questions are expected, appreciated and answered.” It provides the opportunity for the community to share and understand the experiences of others in their community.The Human Library Organization came to be in Copenhagen, Denmark in 2000. Ronni Abergel, his brother Dany, and some colleagues hosted a four-day during a major Northern European festival, hoping to raise awareness about violence among youth. After the success of this event, Abergel founded the Human Library Organization, which has been growing ever since.Though there are a few permanent human libraries, most arent places at all, but events. Though many do take place at physical libraries, you dont need a library cardanyone can come and be part of the experience. There have been human library events all over the globe, in universities and in pubs, from Chicago to Tunis to Edinburgh to San Antonio.The stories these books tell range from fascinating to heartbreaking and everything in between. And thats the very point of the organization-to prove that no person can be summed up in just one word. It seeks to show people that you truly cant judge a book by its cover-or by its title or label.34. The “books” in human libraries are_.A. long-held beliefs attracting individualsB. inspiring stones motivating people in troubleC. events in which people can talk to volunteersD. unfairly-treated people sharing their experiences35. The event in Copenhagen is significant because it_.A. aimed to help the young suffering from violenceB. attempted to replace traditional physical librariesC. laid a foundation for the Human Library OrganizationD. led to a pleasing development for the community with racism36. In human libraries, the readers are likely to_.A. deepen their understanding of peopleB. enrich their own personal experiencesC. hear the stories from all over the worldD. make quick judgments about the “books”37. The main purpose of the passage is to _.A. compare and evaluateB. inform and explainC. discuss and persuadeD. analyze and suggest【答案】34. D 35. C 36. A 37. B【解析】这是一篇介绍说明类文章。文章介绍了有关“the Human Library”的相关信息。在the Human Library，读者可以和来自各行各业志愿者们交谈，了解他们的经历和故事，加深对他人的了解。【34题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“At a Human Library, instead of books, you can “borrow” people. Individuals volunteer as human “books” and participants in the event can “read” the book-meaning they would have a one-on-one conversation with the volunteer and share in a dialogue about that individuals experience. “Books” are volunteers from all walks of life who have experienced discrimination (歧视) based on race, religion, class, gender identity, age, lifestyle choices, disability and other aspects of their life” 可知，Human Library的“书”实际上人，这些人来自各行各业，他们经历了种族，宗教，性别等方面的歧视。读者们可以和这些人交谈，了解他们的经历。D选项正确。【35题详解】推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“The Human Library Organization came to be in Copenhagen, Denmark in 2000. Ronni Abergel, his brother Dany, and some colleagues hosted a four-day during a major Northern European festival, hoping to raise awareness about violence among youth. After the success of this event, Abergel founded the Human Library Organization, which has been growing ever since”可知，Ronni Abergel，他的兄弟Dany以及一些同事举行了为期四天的活动，希望提高人们对青年人暴力的意识。在这次活动成功之后，Abergel建立了the Human Library Organization，该组织一直在发展中。由此可知，在Copenhagen举行的活动的成功导致了the Human Library Organization的成立，结合选项可推知，该活动奠定了该组织的基础，故C选项正确。【36题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“It provides the opportunity for the community to share and understand the experiences of others in their community”可知，the Human Library给社会提供了分享和了解别人经历的机会。由此可知，通过the Human Library，人们可以加深对他人的了解。故A选项正确。【37题详解】写作意图题。文章介绍了the Human Library(真人图书馆)的情况。在the Human Library，读者可以和来自各行各业志愿者们交谈，了解他们的经历和故事。文章还介绍了the Human Library的成立的情况。很明显，作者希望通过这篇文章让读者了解the Human Library，结合选项，其写作目的应为B选项：告知解释。CNorman Garmezy, a development psychologist at the University of Minnesota, met thousands of children in his four decades of research. A nine-year-old boy in particular stuck with him. He has an alcoholic mother and an absent father. But ea