高三英语Unit 11 Key to Success人教版知识精讲

高三英语Unit 11 Key to Success人教版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Unit 11 Key to Success二. 知识总结与归纳：课文重，难点解析：1. After an investigation by the police, another colleague who is known to have stolen things in the past is suspected of having stolen the camera.经过警方的调查，一位人们都知道以前偷过东西的同事被怀疑偷了照相机。be suspected of doing：被怀疑做了某事2. What if you feel comfortable doing a task by yourself ? Especially at school, it sometimes feels as if we are being asked to work in teams for the sake of just that.假如你觉得你一个人干某项工作感觉还舒服些，那又怎么办呢？特别是在学校里，有时候我们感觉似乎是为了团队活动而搞团队活动。What if.：假如，那该怎么办？for the sake of ：为了；由于某种缘故He bought a house in the country for the sake of his wifes health.She changed into her casual clothes for the sake of comfort.3. A team is a group of individual people brought together in order to accomplish a task that cannot be efficiently or effectively completed by any member of the group alone.团队就是许多个人组合起来完成组内任何个人都无法高效或有效地完成的工作。4. Although the coach is usually not counted as a team member, his role is to discuss strategy and make decisions about the composition of the team.虽然教练通常不算作队员，但是他的职责是讨论策略并确定运动队的组成。be counted as.：被认为是相当于：be considered / regarded / recognized as.5. Roles of team members are accepted and there are no conflicts about expectations and responsibilities attached to each role.团队成员的职责是经过大家认可的。对每个职责的期望值和责任心大家都没有异议。attached to each role：过去分词做定语修饰expectations and responsibilities，attach to：与相关6. Practice also brings the benefit of getting experience working with other people.练习的好处就是获得了与他人合作的经验。experience（in）working with other peopleexperience in doing sth：在方面的经验7. As with sports teams, group work can only be successful when group members respect, help and support each other, while the work division is clear and each member performs at the right level in the role that is most suitable to him or her.正如运动队一样，小组活动只有在相互尊重，相互帮助相互支持的情况下才能取得成功，与此同时，小组分工要明确，每个成员都能在最适合他们的角色上发挥正常的水平。as with：正如一样8. Teams require leaders, and people who create ideas, who develop ideas, and people whose role it is to comment and help improve plans.团队需要领袖人物，需要具有创造性，开拓性的人物，还要有对计划提出评议和改进意见的人。定语从句whose role it is to comment and help improve plans修饰people，将定语从句还原应是：It is their role to comment and help improve plans.9. People full of action and ideas are often the ones to bring new energy to the group, while people who are mainly listening and commenting are often the ones to keep an eye on procedures that must be followed.那些富于实干和思路开阔的人常常是给小组带来活力的人，而那些主要是倾听和评论的人则常常是监管工作流程的人。keep an eye on：照料；监管Mary will keep an eye on the kids this afternoon.Keep a close eye on new technology.其他与eye相关的短语有：keep an eye out for sb. / sth.：留心注意；in the eyes of：在某人看来；在某人心目中10. Rules and regulations help teams function well, but we should always guard against making teams too bureaucratic.规章制度有利于团队功能的发挥，但是我们应当防止使团队过于官僚制度化。guard against：防止11. However, that was not what she had in mind.然而，她不是这样想的。in mind：在脑海里，在心中。have sb. / sth. in mind：心中有（合适的人选想做的事）keep sth. in mind：记住12. Looking back, she congratulates herself on this decision.现在回想起来，她很庆幸她的决定。congratulates sb. on sth.：为人表示祝贺。congratulation oneself on sth.：为高兴自豪庆幸13. Many people tend to listen to their parents or their teachers who often have expectations that are hard to live up to.很多人倾向于听从家长或教师的意见，但他们所期待的往往是学生难以做到的。tend to do sth.：倾向于做live up to：依照行事；作到；不辜负Children will always live up to your expectations of them.14. People whose learning style is to try, experiment and find their way through hands-on experience, often find that school life does not accommodate their learning style.有些人的学习方式是尝试，实验或通过实践经验来找办法，这些人发现学校生活并不适合他们的学习方式。15. These characteristics combine in unique ways in each person, forming personality types, each made up of different inner processes and ways of functioning in the world.这些特点以独特的方式在每个人身上组合成各种个性类型，每种个性类型又是由不同的内部作用和外部机能组成的。16. Each offers gifts and processes that complement the others, contributing in a unique way to the qualitative functioning of the whole, whether the “whole” is a team, a class, a family or a society.每一种个性都有其才能和做事方法，对于其他个性有互补作用，并提高集体运作的质量不管这个集体是一个团队，班级，家庭还是社会。【典型例题】1. Do you stick _ your friends _ thick and thin? What is the moment for you to pull _ a friendship ?A. to; for; upB. with; for; out ofC. with; through; downD. with; through; out of答案：D分析：你能否与你的朋友共患难？你会在什么时候离开你的朋友？ stick with：坚持；保持；through thick and thin：同甘共苦；pull out of：从中退出。2. The vicar had high moral principles but he was accused _ not _ them.A. of; living up toB. to; live toC. of; living upD. to; live up to答案：A分析：那位牧师有很高的道德准则，但是他被指责没有作到这些原则。be accused of：被指责；live up to：完成，作到，不辜负3. We offered him our congratulations _ his passing the college entrance exams.A. toB. forC. onD. of答案：C分析：congratulations（to sb）on sth.：就某事向某人祝贺。4. When we plan our vacation, mother often offers _ suggestion.A. carefulB. practicalC. effectD. acceptable答案：B分析：妈妈总会提出很使用的建议。practical：使用的，实际的5. I know teachers are _ in Western China and I _ going to the west to teach after graduation.A. in use; feel likeB. in need; hope forC. in demand; dream ofD. in short; am fond of答案：C分析：我知道中国西部需求教师，我梦想毕业后去西部教书。sb. be in demand：被需求；dream of doing sth.：梦想做某事6. The child who caught a heavy cold was _ of being infected bird flu.A. foundB. certainC. suspectedD. seemed答案：C分析：那个患感冒的孩子被怀疑感染了禽流感。be suspected of doing：被怀疑做了某事7. _ that man over there. He was close to terrorists.A. Cast an eye over B. Lay eyes onC. Keep an eye onD. Have an eye for答案：C分析：密切注意那个人，他和恐怖分子关系密切。Keep an eye on：留神；密切注意；Cast an eye over：用眼光瞥；匆匆查看；Lay eyes on：注意到；看见；Have an eye for：对有鉴赏力8. Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be low than store prices.A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying答案：B分析：通过网上买到的商品的价格比商店的商品价格低。bought through a computer过去分词做定语修饰daily goods9. What are you going to do this afternoon? I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film _quite early, so we _ to the bookstore after that.A. finished; are going B. finished; goC. finishes; are going D. finishes; go答案：C分析：我今天下午打算和几个朋友去看电影。电影结束的早我们打算之后去书店。全文描述将来的打算。用将来时，第二空说的是一般情况。用一般现在时。【模拟试题】一. 单项选择：1. I know youre new in this job, but _ me and youll be all right.A. stick withB. deal withC. do withD. come with2. This delegation is _ ten teachers and forty students.A. made intoB. made ofC. made fromD. made up of3. You can trust him, he is a man who _his promise.A. speaks outB. lives up toC. depends onD. keeps on4. This advertising campaign has _ significantly _ the success of the new car.A. responded toB. compared ; toC. led to D. contributed to5. Have you heard that Tom has passed his driving test ? Oh! Thats great of him ! Ill go and _ him _ that.A. celebrate; forB. admire; onC. wish; forD. congratulate; on6. Few of them were _ of what an unpleasant person he really was.A. knownB. expectedC. aware D. proud7. Finnish President said Finland-China relations had progressed _ with fruitful co-operated in new and high-tech fields.A. peacefullyB. highlyC. quietlyD. smoothly8. The couple only stayed together _ the children.A. in the hope ofB. for the sake ofC. in the name ofD. for the purpose of9. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _whether he was going in the right direction.A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see10. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis players.A. Having givenB, To give C. Giving D. Given二. 完型填空：The survey about childhood in the Third World shows that the struggle for survival is long and hard. But in the rich world, children can 1 from a different kind of poverty of the spirit. 2 , one Western country alone now sees 14, 000 attempted suicides（自杀）every year by children under 15, and one child 3 five needs psychiatric（心理）advice.There are many good things about 4 in the Third World. Take the close and constant relation between children and their parents, relatives and neighbours for example. In the West, the very nature of work puts distance between 5 and children. But in most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each day to work in offices. 6 , the child sees mother and father, relations and neighbours working 7 and often shares in that work.A child 8 in this way learns his or her role through joining in the communitys 9 : helping to dig or build, look after animals or babies rather than 10 playing with water and sand in kindergarten, keeping pets 11 playing with dolls.These children may grow up with a less oppressive sense of space and time than the 12 children. Their sense of days and time has a lot to do with the change of seasons and positions of the sun or the moon in the sky. Children in the rich world, 13 , are provided with a watch as one of the 14 signs of growing up, so that they can 15 along with their parents about being late for school times, meal times, bed times, the times of TV shows.Third World children do not usually 16 to stay indoors, still less in high rise apartments （公寓）. Instead of dangerous roads, “keep off the grass” signs and “dont speak to strangers”, there is often a sense of 17 to study and play. Parents can see their children outside rather than observe them 18 from ten floors up.19 , twelve million children under five still die every year through hunger and disease. But childhood in the Third World is not all 20 .1. A. come B. learn C. suffer D. survive2. A. As usual B. For instanceC. In fact D. In other words3. A. by B. in C. to D. under4. A. childhoodB. poverty C. spirit D. survival5. A. adults B. fathers C. neighbours D. relatives6. A. Anyhow B. However C. Instead D. Still7. A. away B. alone C. along D. nearby8. A. growing up B. living through C. playing D. working9. A. activity B. life C. study D. work10. A. by B. from C. through D. with11. A. and B. but C. or D. so12. A. Eastern B. good C. poor D. Western13. A. at any moment B. at the same timeC. on the other hand D. on the whole14. A. easiest B. earliest C. happiest D. quickest15. A. care B. fear C. hurry D. worry16. A. dare B. expect C. have D. require17. A. control B. dangerC. disappointment D. freedom18. A. anxiously B. eagerly C. impatiently D. proudly19. A. Above all B. In the endC. Of course D. Whats more20. A. bad B. good C. rich D. poor三. 阅读理解：Some people believe that international sport brings about good will between the nations and that if country play games together they will learn to live together. Others say that the opposite is true: that international contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred. There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the view that sport encourages international brotherhood. Not only was there the terrible incident with the number of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by those incidents caused mainly by minor national contests.One country received its second-place medal with great anger after the hockey（曲棍球）final. There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match, the loser objecting to the final decision. They were certain that one of their goals should not have been dismissed and that the opposite sides victory was unfair. Their manager was angry when he said, “This wasnt hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Society are finished.” The president of the society said later that such words could result in the pause of the team for at least three years.The American basketball team announced that they would not give away first place to Russia, after a fighting end to their contest. The game had ended in quarrel. It was thought at first that the United States had won, by a single point, but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play. A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other, and another beat it into the basket. It was the first time the USA had ever lost an Olympic basketball match. The judges discusses the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would stand. The American players then decided not to receive the silver medals.Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played for honor or money rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion that sportsmen should compete as individual（个人）, or in non-national teams, might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages dangerous nationalism.1. According to the author, recent Olympic Games have _.A. brought about good will between the nationsB. made only false national prideC. hardly showed any international friendshipD. led to more and more misunderstanding and hatred2. What did the manager mean by saying, “ Hockey and the International Hockey Society are finished.” ?A. His team would no longer take part in international gamesB. Hockey and the society are both ruined by the unfair decisionC. There should be no more hockey matches organized by the societyD. The society should be dismissed3. The author gave the two examples in paragraph 2 and 3 to show _.A. how false national pride leads to undesirable incidents in international gamesB. that sportsmen have been more troublesome than they used to beC. that competitiveness in the games discourages international friendshipD. that unfair decisions are common in Olympic Games4. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A. The organization of the Olympic Games must be improvedB. Athletes should compete as individual in the Olympic GamesC. Sport should be played competitively rather than for the love of the gameD. International contests lead to misunderstanding between nations四. 短文改错：While travelled to Paris on a bus, I became very sick. 1. _A welldressing man on the bus helped me greatly. He 2. _took me off the bus, found out where the doctors office, 3. _and took me to there himself. The next day, he came to 4. _visit me. I didnt speak French well, so I cant talk with 5. _him very much. However, even if we couldnt talk, but 6. _we could communicate. I communicated myself thanks 7. _to his great kindness, and he communicated his concern 8._for my healthy. Through this experience I have learned 9. _that communication can take place without much actual 10. _language at all.试题答案一. 单项选择：1. A我知道你是初次做这项工作，你跟着我很快会作好的。stick with：与某人保持密切联系。2. D这个代表团由十名教师和四十名学生组成。be made up of：由组成。3. B你可以相信他，他是一个遵守诺言的人。lives up to：在此表示：遵守（诺言）；4. D广告宣传极大地促进了这款新车的成功。contribute to：对作出贡献；促进了；有助于5. D我要为此向他祝贺。congratulate sb. on sth.：就某事向某人祝贺。6. C很少有人意识到他是一个不很快乐的人。be aware of .：意识到7. D中芬两国关系进展很顺利。smoothly：顺利8. B由于孩子的缘故夫妇俩才住在一起的。for the sake of：为了；出于的缘故。9. D我们跟踪的那个人突然停下来好象要看一下他走的方向是否正确。不定式做目的状语。10. D如果被给予时间的话，他会成为一流的网球高手。Given过去分词做条件状语，与逻辑主语he构成被动关系。二. 完型填空：语篇解读：本文着重阐述了发达国家和发展中国家孩子生存状况的优劣，从而指出发展中国家的孩子的生存状况相对于发达国家来说并不是一无是处。1. C 由前面struggle for可知。前面写第三世界国家的孩子遭受物质贫穷，而发达国家的孩子遭受的是精神贫乏。2. B 根据上文写发达国家的孩子精神状况较差，后面是一个具体的事实，所以应该用for instance（例如）。3. B 分数表示法one child in five（五分之一）相当于one child out of five4. A 后文用三个自然段具体描述发达国家和发展中国家的孩子的生活条件的不同，尤其是文章最后一句话总结了全文，所以暗示此空应该选childhood。5. A 由后文中第三世界国家的孩子与父母、亲戚和邻居的关系近。可知此处应选A最全面。6. C 与发达国家的孩子形成“对比”关系。7. D 与上文发达国家的孩子离家人远，形成对比，从而得出发展中国家的孩子离家人近。8. A 用分词作定语，grow up成长；live through度过，经受住；而work和play与上下文明显不符。9. D 此处想表明“通过参与一些公共事物（如）孩子