高二英语Module 6War and Peace外研社知识精讲

高二英语高二英语 ModuleModule 6 6 WarWar andand PeacePeace 外研社外研社 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： Module 6 War and Peace 二. 教学目标： 本模块话题是“诺曼底登陆” ，通过学习阅读课文来讨论“战争与和平”这一 话题，培养学生热爱和平的精神。 单词短语： vengeful invade abandon declare war on operation make a breakthrough drown survivor last occupy beach troop commander eventually heroism artillery shell pick up deep wound shocked private memorial overlook grave weary condemn war memorial nationality rescue backpack afterwards drop bomb campaign station chain view sequence image chaos senseless courage sacrifice memorable to ones astonishment company baggage bedding comb confidential mess perfume razor scissors shave stockings tractor yell barbershop stroke chin moustache wax sharpener unload jar carrot cheers liberation constitution vinegar worthwhile statesman toil retreat encourage surrender strategy quote helmet peacekeeper arm disagreement personal civilian despite 重点单词短语： invade abandon declare war on make a breakthrough drown survivor last occupy eventually pick up deep wound shocked private overlook condemn rescue backpack afterwards drop view senseless courage sacrifice memorable to ones astonishment mess unload cheers worthwhile retreat encourage strategy quote disagreement personal despite 语言要点归纳： 1. demand （1）vt.要求；需求 搭配 demand sth. （某事物）需要 demand to do sth. 要求去做 demandthat 从句 要求 从句用（should）动词原形 demand名词fromof名词对人要求 例如： The work demand a great deal of care 那项工作需要非常细心。 They demanded to be told everything 他们要求被告知每一件事。 They demanded that the company（should）make compensation for the loss 他们要求该公司赔偿那个损失。 The customer demanded a reasonable explanation 那名顾客要求一个合理的解释。 （2）需要 The demand for programmers exceeds the supply 程式设计师的人才供不应求。 in demand 有需要的 It was an unusually hot summer and air conditioners were in great demand 那年夏天非常热，因此空调机需求量甚大。 做一做 练一练 They demanded that the books _ to the school library at once A. return B. should return C. be returned D. would be returned The teacher _ the students to be quiet A. demanded B. kept C. requiredD. turned 2. 双重疑问句句式 Where on the map do you think the photograph was taken? 你认为这张照片是在地图上哪个地方拍的? 双重疑问句由“特殊疑问词一般疑问句特殊疑问句的其他部分”构成，属 于特殊疑问句的一种，其中一般疑问句相当于主句，用疑问语序，特殊疑问句相当 于从句，用陈述语序。 Who do you think is fit for the job? 你认为谁最适合干那项工作? 注意： 该句型中一般疑问句中的动词不能是 know。如： Who do you know has caused the accident?（） Do you know who has caused the accident?（） 做一做 练一练 Who do you suggest _ to the front? A. was sentB. is sent C. be sentD. has been sent We havent heard from John for a long time What do you suppose _ to him? A. was happeningB. to happen C. has happenedD. having happened Mum is comingWhat present _ for your birthday? A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she got C. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got How do you _ we go to Beijing for our holidays? I think wed better fly there. Its much more comfortable A. insistB. want C. supposeD. suggest 3. declare war on 对宣战 declare against 宣称反对 declare for 宣称支持 拓展 declare vt. 宣告，发表；断言，声明；申报 They will declare the results of the election soon 他们将很快公布选举结果。 I declare this conference open 本人宣布本次会议开始。 The man declared his position 那个人声明他的立场。 She declared that she was right 她声称自己是对的。 做一做 练一练 He _ his loyalty（忠诚）to the government A. declared forB. declared against C. declared D. declared on 4. make a breakthrough 取得重大突破（进展） breakthrough n. C突破，突围；跃进 拓展 break through vt. &vi. 突破 break up vt. &vi.拆散，粉碎；碎坏（关系） ，结束；分手 break out 突然发生 break into vt. 闯入；突然发生 break in vi. 闯入 break off 折断；脱落，断绝（关系） ，中断；稍作休息 break down vi&Vt. 毁坏，破坏；vi. 出故障；出毛病 break away from 与断绝关系，脱离 做一做 练一练 News reports say peace talks between the two countries _ with no agreement reached. A. have broken down B. have broken out C. have broken in D. have broken up The wood was so rotten that when we pulledIt _ into piece A. broke awayB. broke off C. broke upD. broke through 5. drown （1）vt. &vi淹没，淹死，溺死 The man drowned in the river 那个人淹死在河里。 He tried to drown her in a bathtub 他设法要使她溺死在浴缸中。 （2）vt. 使淹没，使湿透 The great flood drowned many houses 那次大洪水把许多房子淹没了。 （3）vt. （噪音等）淹没，盖住 The noise of the water fall drowned her voice 她的声音被瀑布的水声给淹没了。 做一做 练一练 The noises in the street _ the teachers voice A. filledB. enormous C. drowned out D. entertained 6. refer to （1）vt. 指；提到，谈到 Are you referring to me? 你在说我吗? refer toas把称作 California is referred to as the Golden State 加利福尼亚被称作“黄金之州” 。 （2）vt. 参考，查阅（=consult） If you have some questions，refer to the guide book 如果你有问题，请参阅旅游指南。 refer sb. to sth. 让（人）参考，让（人）参阅 For detail，I refer you to the papers I handed to you. 详情请参阅我交给你的文件。 （3）vt. 涉及，与有关 What do these numbers refer to? 这些数字表示什么意思? 注意： refer to 作“查阅”讲，后接“字典或参考书” ； look up 作“查阅”讲，后接“被查找的东西” 。 做一做 练一练 （1）When he made a speech there，he often _ his notes A. looked up toB. referred to C. asked forD. picked out （2）The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _ his notes. A. bringing up B. referring to C. looking forD. trying on 7. occupy （1）vt. 占（空间、场所等） ，占去（时间） Tall bookcases occupy a lot of space in his room 几个高书橱占了他房间很大的空间。 The dinner and speeches occupied two hours 晚餐和演讲占用了两个钟头。 （2）vt. 占领，占据 The allied forces occupied that country for several years after World War II 第二次世界大战后，盟军占领了那个国家好几年。 搭配 be occupied with sth.（in doing sth.） occupy oneself with sth.（in doing sth.）正从事于，正专心 于，在忙着 He occupied himself with various projects 他从事种种项目。 做一做 练一练 Her interest in decorating the big house kept her _ for a whole week A. constrained B. dominated C. restricted D. occupied 8. troop （1）C群，团 in troops 成群；a troop of deer 一群鹿 （2） （p1）troops 军队，士兵 （3）vi成群移动，成群结队地走 The students trooped into their room 学生们鱼贯而入教室。 注意： troop 作“军队，部队”讲常用复数形式。 识同辨异 troop 和 army 都有“军队，部队”的意思。 troop 着重指许多士兵这个集体，而不是指个别士兵，也不具体指某军某师等。 army 着重指军队这个集体，与 navy（海军） ，air force（空军）相对而言时， 特指陆军。此外，还可指陆军编制中的“军” 。 做一做 练一练 完成句子 Everyone _ the meeting room （成群结队地进入） _ in triumph （我们的军队归来）Our troops returned home 9. 现在分词作伴随状语句式 More than 5, 000 ships crossed the English Channel，carrying 130, 000 troops to the French coast. 五千多艘船渡过英吉利海峡，把 130 000 名士兵带到了法国海岸。 carrying现在分词短语作伴随状语，补充说明前面的句子。再如： They listened attentively，putting something down from time to time 他们注意地听着，不时地吃下些东西。 注意： 现在分词除了作伴随状语外，还可作时间、原因、条件、结果状语等。 Being ill，he didnt attend the meeting. 因为生病，他没出席会议。 （表原因） Heating water，we can change it into vapor. 给水加热，我可将其变为水蒸气。 （表条件） Wang Ping cut off the electricity quickly，preventing an accident. 王平立即切断电源，避免了一些事故。 （表结果） Having heard a sound，the baby stopped crying 听见了响声，婴儿不哭了。 （表时间） 做一做 练一练 Alice returned from the managers office _ me that the boss wanted to see me at once. A. have toldB. tells C. to tellD. telling _ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waitedD. To have waited 10. abandon （1）vt. 抛弃，遗弃 He abandoned his family 他抛弃了家人。 （2）vt. 中止，放弃（give up） He abandoned the plan 他放弃了这个计划。 abandon sth. doing sth. 搭配 abandon oneself to纵情于，沉溺于 He abandoned himself to pleasure. 他纵情欢歌。 with abandon 放任地，放纵地，纵情地 做一做 练一练 The plan was _ when it was discovered just how much the scheme would cost. A. releasedB. deserted C. resignedD. abandoned 【模拟试题】 一. 选择题。 1. The bad weather only_ our difficulties. A. added up B. added up to C. addedD. added to 2. The number of people invited_ fifty, but a number of them _absent for different reasons. A. were, wasB. was, wasC. was, were D. were, were 3. I dont like the way_ he speaks to me. I share the idea with you. A. which B. in thatC. that D. by which 4. Jane dreams_ flying in space while her sister dreams of one day famous movie-star. A. of, became B. about, becoming C. for, will became D. to, becomes 5. The Great Wall travels _ deep valleys,_ deserts and mountains. A. over, across, through B. through, over, across C. across, through, over D. through, across, over 6. You may pay attention_ the teacher said in class. A. to which B. to what C. for what D. for that 7. As a secretary, your duties_ typing letters and answering the phone. A. contain B. includeC have D. make up 8. We can never be too careful with our work. We must do as much as we can_ mistakes. A. avoid to make B. avoid making C. to avoid to make D. to avoid making 9. Its late. I have got to leave now. OK_. A. Thank youB. Dont worry C. Im sorry for itD. Take care 10. _ get a better score, she has been studying hard all day. A. So as toB. In order toC. So that D. In order that 11. Many students believe the choice of their courses and universities should _their own interest. A. be based on B. base onC. be basing onD. base at 12. Mother insisted that the childs hands_ before dinner. A. should washB. be washed C. had been washedD. would be washed 13. Do you remember the place_ we visited last year? A. that B. whereC. when D. in which 14. The police told us that the house_ and a lot of things_. A has broken into； had been stolen B. had broken into； had been stolen C. has been broken into； stolen D. had been broken into； stolen 15. The dictionary still_ where I_ it a moment ago. A. lies； laid B. lied； lay C. laid； laidD. lies； lay 二. 完形填空 Mexico, the largest nation in the region, is a good example of life in Middle America. Although Mexico is a large country, 16 12 percent of its land is good for farming. 17 40 percent is good grassland. The rest of the land is hills and mountains, 18 plateaus （高原）, or wet coastal regions. The mountains are too 19 to farm. The high plateau in the middle of Mexico would be good farmland if it had more 20 . The coastal areas receive so much 21 that the land 22 becomes waterlogged （浸满水的） . For all of these 23 , Mexicans must 24 the good farmland they have. 25 good farming has not always been 26 in Mexico. For many 27 , Mexican farmers had 28 traditional crops. These 29 corn, beans, and squash （南瓜）. 30 , when the Spanish arrived in the 1500s, they tried to 31 new ideas. They thought new 32 such as onions, turnips, sugarcane, and bananas would 33 well in warm tropical （热带 的） 34 . But the Mexicans wished to continue with their old 35 . 16. A. only B. for C. even D. with 17. A. Other B. Another C. The other D. All 18. A. dry B. beautiful C. far-away D. cool 19. A. warm B. hot C. high D. good 20. A. farmers B. hills C. water D. cattle 21. A. rain B. wind C. fog D. sunshine 22. A. often B. soon C. probably D. slowly 23. A. things B. ideas C. reasons D. matters 24. A. pay attention to B. take care of C. be satisfied withD. be proud of 25. A. So B. Yet C. Because D. Obviously 26. A. difficult B. wonderful C. disappointed D. possible 27. A. days B. ages C. dynasties D. centuries 28. A. used B. grown C. seen D. missed 29. A. produced B. belonged to C. had D. included 30. A： At last B. Naturally C. However D. Otherwise 31. A. introduce B. replace C. mistake D. give up 32. A. plants B. vegetables C. fruits D. crops 33. A. be B. do C. plant D. receive 34. A. weather B. days C. countries D. time 35. A. thoughts B. ways C. things D. habits 三. 阅读理解 （A） “Its over! Thank goodness!” School was over and I was tired. I sat at the front of the school bus. Janie, the driver, always tries to break the uncomfortable atmosphere （气氛）by talking. I try to listen politely, but usually Im too busy thinking about my day. On this day, however, her talk was worth listening to. “My fathers ill,” she said to no one in particular （特别地）. I could see worry in her eyes. I had never seen her like this before. She always meets students with a smile. With a sudden chance of interest, I asked, “Whats wrong with him?” With her eyes wet and her voice unusual, she answered, “Heart trouble.” Her eyes lowered as she continued, “Ive already lost my mum, so I dont think I can stand losing him.” I couldnt answer. My heart ached for her. I sat on the seat thinking of the great pain my own mother was thrown into when her father died. I saw how hard it was, and still is, for her. I wouldnt want anyone to go through that. Suddenly I realized Janie wasnt only a bus driver, which was just her job. She had a whole world of family and cares too. I shouldnt have been so selfish. I paid no attention to Janie because she was a bus driver. I had judged（判断）her by her job and brushed her off as unimportant. I shouldnt have been so selfish and self-centered. Understanding people is an art. 36. When the students get on the school bus, Janie usually_. A. listens to music B. talks about her own worry C. sits on her seat without words D. meets them with a smile 37. After she learned Janies story, the writer thought of_. A. her fathers death B. her mothers pain C. the ache of her own heart D. the pain of Janies parents 38. The writer felt herself selfish because she had_. A. thought of Janie as nothing but a driver B. made only a few friends in the school C. hardly thought of herself D. never listened to others 39. In this passage the writer tries to tell us that_. A. losing parents makes people sad and helpless B. understanding the people around us takes time C. we should learn to understand the people around us D. its not right to judge the people around us by their clothes （B） What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “No”. It is not a tool a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further： he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his question into a large set of ideas about how the world works. The scientists knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the condi