高二英语Unit 14 Freedom Fighters（I）人教版知识精讲

高二英语高二英语 UnitUnit 1414 FreedomFreedom FightersFighters（I I）人教版人教版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： Unit 14 Freedom Fighters（I） 1. 重点单词及短语的用法 2. 难点句解析（I） 二. 知识总结与归纳： （一）单元内容介绍： 1. 主题：“自由战士” 。通过讲述美国黑人争取自由的历史，表达了自由，平等 的重要性以及对为了自由平等权利而献身的勇士的敬仰。 2. 阅读材料： （1）介绍马丁路德金为黑人争取自由和平等权利的斗争。 （2）论述人类为自由平等而进行的斗争，以及动植物，海洋，地球甚至机器 和机器人的权利。 3. 语言学习：复习被动语态的使用。 （二）本单元重点单词的用法： 1. separation：分离；隔离 Although slavery ended in 1865, almost a hundred years before, the South had its own laws to continue the separation of blacks and whites. She couldnt bear the long separation from her son. 其动词形式为：separate：分离，隔离，隔开 常用的短语为 separatefrom.被动式为be separated from；get separated：分手 Please separate the good apples from the bad ones. England is separated from France by the English channel. separate 还具有形容词意义：不同的，各自的；分离的 This word has three separate meanings. There were separate sections for blacks in shops, restaurants, hospitals and on buses and trains. 2. forbid：禁止：常见结构有；（1）forbid sth. / doing sth. （2） forbid sb. to do sth. 或 forbid sb. from doing Mixed-race marriages were forbidden by law. The students are forbidden the use of the office computer. We forbid spitting in public. You are all forbidden to leave. He forbade them from mentioning the subject again. 3. vote：选举；投票；选举权 Black children were educated in separate schools, and black people had no right to vote in the southern states. 作为不及物动词后面接介词 for 或 against 表示：投票支持反对, 后面也 可以接不定式 They voted for the Labor candidate in the last election. We voted against the bill. The committee voted to put off the game. 作为及物动词，表示投票支持（通过，赞成，决定，选举） John was voted the most excellent player on the team. 4. demand：要求；需要；询问 常见短语：demand to do; 句型：demand that 从句（should do / should be done.） All his life he believed that it was right and necessary to demand changes in society if people did not have their civil rights. He demanded to be told everything. The teacher demands that their students not be in the classroom during sports time. 三. 难点句解析： 1. Often blacks were not allowed into hotels, schools or libraries at all. 黑人常常不允许进入宾馆，学校或图书馆。 allow：允许，常用的短语有：allow doing; allow sb. to do sth. / sb. be allowed to do sth. We dont allow smoking here. She wont allow the children into the house until they have taken off their shoes. My boss doesnt allow us to smoke during work. 2. His message was that black people should not be separated but should be treated with respect in the same way as other people. 他所要说的是：黑人不应该被隔离，而应该和其他人一样受到同等的尊重。 in the same way as other people 后面省略了 should be treated with respect. the same 后面接 as 引导的定语从句，表示“与一样的” He made the same mistake as I made yesterday. I live in the same flat as Tom does. 3. Winning a scholarship gave him the chance to go to a college in one of the northern states, where black people had equal rights and were free to live, study and work as they wished. 获得一个奖学金使他赢得了北方某一个州一所大学学习的机会，那里黑人拥有 平等的权利，能按他们自己的意愿自由地生活，学习和工作。 as they wished: 按他们自己的意愿 as somebody wishes, pleases / likes 按照某人的意愿喜好 Do as you wish. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 4. He led many non-violent demonstrations against racial discrimination and the Vietnam War, during which he himself was often beaten or arrested by the police. 他领导了很多种反种族歧视和反对越南战争的非暴力示威游行，在此期间他本 人还经常受到警察的殴打和逮捕。 non-violent：非暴力；前缀 non-带有否定意义。non-conductor; nonsense; nonstop during which he himself was often beaten or arrested by the police 是非限定性定语从句修饰 many non-violent demonstrations注意介词 during， 表示“在示威游行期间” 5. It was during the “March on Washington DC” in 1963 that he gave the speech “I have a Dream”, which inspired people of all races to fight for equality. 正是在 1963 年向华盛顿进军的期间，金发表了“我有一个梦”的演讲。这篇 演讲激励着各个种族的人民为平等而战斗。 这是一个强调句型，被强调部分是 during the “March on Washington DC” in 1963；主句后面还跟了一个非限定性定语从句 which inspired people of all races to fight for equality 修饰 the speech “I have a Dream” 。 【典型例题】 一. 单项选择： 1. Mr. Wang, who had drunk too much, broke into his neighbours house last night How _ it was! A. foolish B. stupid C. ridiculous D. silly 答案：C 分析：foolish 表示“愚蠢的；傻的” ；stupid 表示“笨的；头脑反应迟钝的” ；silly 表示“傻乎乎的” ；ridiculous 表示“荒唐可笑的” 。 2. All the citizens over 18 in the country are called on to _ for their new president A. vote B. choose C. collect D. select 答案：A 分析：choose 强调根据目的或需要从若干中挑选相应的东西；collect 强调 把同类的东西收集到一起；select 强调从若干中选择最好的，表示精选；vote 强 调通过投票选举合适的人。 3. The girl was determined to marry the young man she fell in love with, _ her parents disagreement A. by means of B. regardless of C. due to D. in favour of 答案：B 分析：by means of 通过，借助手段，强调方式；due to 由于，强调原 因；in favour of 支持，表示赞成；regardless of 表示:不顾；不管。 4. Because of long-time _ from other continents, Australia owns its special animals. A. separation B. divisionC. movement D. connection 答案：A 分析：名词 separation 表示“分离；分开” ；division 表示“分裂；分割” 。 5. These magazines _ out of the reading room. A. forbid to be taken B. are forbidden to take C. are forbidden to be taken D. are forbid being taken 答案：C 分析：be forbidden to be taken 属双重被动。 6. He lives in a room, _ is painted white. A. of which the door B. the door of that C. whose the door D. the door of it 答案：A 分析：这是一个非限制性定语从句。of which the door：the door of which = whose door，which 是引导词代表前面提到的 room。 二. 翻译句子： 1. 快考试了，我妈妈不允许我看电视了。 2. 他和癌症抗争，一直活到了 80 岁。 3. 许多公共场所都禁止吸烟。 4. 我认为你对此事没有发言权。 5. 父母应该通过自己积极锻炼保持健康为孩子们树立一个好的榜样。 答案： 1. The examination is coming. Mum does not allow me to watch TV. 2. He fought against cancer and lived to 80. 3. Smoking is forbidden in many public places. 4. I dont think you have a voice in this matter. 5. Parents should set a good example to their children by being active in exercise and keeping fit. 三. 完成句子： 1. At the meeting you can express yourself freely. At the meeting you _ _ _ _ yourself . 2. The law forbade black people to vote in the southern states. Black people _ _ _ to vote in the southern states. 3. What all these groups share is that they ask to be treated equally. What all these groups _ _ _ is that they ask to be treated equally. 答案：略 【模拟试题】 （答题时间：60 分钟） 一. 单项选择： 1. Everyone is born _ and should be treated _ . A. equally; equally B. equal; equal C. equally; equal D. equal; equally 2. China is the first country _ paper in the world. A. making B. to make C. made D. has made 3. Living _ should be improved as they are out of _. A. condition; condition B. conditions; conditions C. conditions; condition D. condition; conditions 4. The police _ the _ prisoner. A. is after; escaping B. are after; escaped C. are after; escaping D. is after; escaped 5. With the Act _ , they were given the fight to vote. A. passing B. passed C. being passed D. to be past 6.Then they started to vote _ the proposal. A. for B. about C. on D. against 7 .We felt _ at his _ deeds. A. inspired; inspiring B. inspired; inspired C. inspiring; inspiring D. inspiring; inspired 8. Here we are _ a big family, so we should care for each other and help each other. A./ B. in C. of D. to 9. Blacks held demonstrations to _. A. make their voices heard B. let their voice heard C. make their voice hearing D. let their voices hear 10. Students should have a（n）_ in deciding what subjects to study. A. sound B. reason C. voice D. excuse 11. The school _ letting children learn at their own peace. A. trusts in B. trusts C. believes D. believes in 12. Comparing the Japanese culture with the Chinese culture, you can find they have many things _. A. in common B. in generalC. in mind D. in store 13. The thief got _ after the police got solid evidence. A. locked B. arrested C. beaten D. murdered 二. 完型填空： “Do you think well win?” ten-year-old Tyrus Lucas asked his mother 1 he wrote his name on the entry（参赛作品）to Cartoon Networks toy sweepstakes. “We can 2 ,” said his mother, a divorced mother who worked as a teacher and struggled to 3 her kids. She didnt have much cash for 4 . A week later the phone rang. “Your son won our drawing!” a woman 5 “Great,” cried his mother, “Which 6 did he win?” “All of them. A thousand toy!” The next Saturday when the doorbell of their home rang, Tyrus, not 7 the surprise, opened the door and his face 8 up. “ Mum, ” he cried. “ Cartoon Network is here? ” So were dozens of 9 kids who had run over to the cartoon- covered truck. They jumped 10 as hundreds of toys tumbled from the trucks back doors. Tyrus thought he could 11 his whole room with them. But as he looked at the children around him, he 12 . The others in their working-class neighborhood didnt have 13 either. “Here,” he said, 14 a doll to a little girl. Then he handed a boy a Lite Brite. “Take 15 you want,” Tyrus told the kidsand they did, 16 him over and over. Tyrus kept several games, but he wasnt done giving. “Why dont we give some to your 17 , Mom?” he asked. They 18 almost l00 toys to the elementary school where she worked. “The first thing my son thought of was to 19 ,” his mother says, beaming. “Im so 20 of him.” 1. A. though B. as C. as long as D. so that 2. A. guess B. ask C. wait D. try 3. A. support B. promise C. treat D. consider 4. A. drawings B. extras C. food D. contests 5. A. declared B. explained C. celebrated D, praised 6. A. prize B. pay C, toy D. wealth 7. A. seeing B. helping C. knowing D. enjoying 8. A. lighted B. looked C. turned D. set 9. A. attractive B. warm C. helpful D. excited 10. A. off B. out C. clown D. up and down 11. A. join B. fill C. teach D. look 12. A. worried B. stopped C. laughed D. examined 13. A. much B. them C. little D. qualities 14. A. showing B. moving C. handing D. driving 15. A. wherever B. however C. whenever D. whatever 16. A. troubling B. disturbing C. reminding D. thanking 17. A. school B. friends C. students D. children 18. A. contributed B. delivered C. sold D. lent 19. A. take B. create C. give D. forgive 20. A. fond B. proud C. sure D. kind 三. 阅读理解： Sociologists, working in western countries, have found that a large number of women wished they had been born men. The number is said to be as high as 6 % in Germany. “ Women often wish they had the same chances as men have, and think it is still mens world, ” said Dr James Helen, one of the sociologists who did the study. Many men say that they have more duties than women. A man has to make money to support his family and to make the important decision, so it is right for men to be paid more. Some are even against their wives working at all. When wives go out to work, they say, the home and children cannot be taken good care of. If women take full-time jobs, they wont be able to do what they are best doing: making a nice home and bringing up the children. Some women disagree. They say they want to get out of their homes and to have freedom to choose between work and home life. Women have the right of equal pay and equal chances. Anne Harper has a very good job. She also believes in “Womens Liberation”, “I dont wish I were a man,” she says, “and I dont think many women do. But I do wish people would stop treating us like secondclass people. At work, for example, we usually do the work that men do but get paid less. There are still a lot of jobs only to men- usually they are the best ones. If you are a man, you have a much better chance of living a wonderful life. How many women scientists are thereor engineers?” 1. Many men think . A. women cant do what men can B. men have to work much harder than women C. men can make money more easily than women D. womens duty is mainly to do housework at home 2. Some women have different ideas. They say that . A. women need chances to go out of the home more often B. women want more freedom in deciding the kind of life they want C. if women are given equal pay, they can do everything instead of men D. women are no longer interested in taking care of their homes 3. Anne Harper didnt wish to be a man . A. because she believed in “Womens Liberation” B. but she wished to get the same job as men C. because she had got a good job D. but she wished to be treated the same as a man 4. Which of the following is not true according to the passage? A. There are more men scientists, engineers than women ones. B. Women are secondclass people, so they shouldnt live a better life. C. Women do the same jobs as men, but get paid less than men. D. There are some best jobs that women have few chances to take. 5. Anne Harper thought that . A. women should live a better life than men B. women should be really liberated C. women should be given better jobs than men D. women should live a more wonderful life than men 试题答案 一. 单项选择： 1. 选 D be born equal 作 be born 的伴随状语，he treated equally, equally 作方式状语。 2. 选 B 在序数词后用不定式作定语，表示主动，不用动词-ing 形式。 3. 选 C condition 作“条件”解时为可数名词，condition 作“状态一状况” 解时，为不可数名词。out of co