英语国家概况复习题及参考答案

英语国家概况复习题及参考答案 一 Multiple choice ( 30)( ) 1 As a result of the Black Death, much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of _ in England.A grain B farm tools C houses D labor ( ) 2 In the late 17th century, two of most famous literary works were Pilgrims Progress and _ .A the Jew of Malta B the School of ArcheryC Novum Organum D Paradise Lost ( ) 3. In 1836, a group of skilled workers and _ formed the London Working Mens Association.A householders B tenants C small shopkeepers D office workers ( ) 4. In the Industrial Revolution, changes occurred earliest and quickest in the industry of _. A. pottery B hardware C textiles D chemicals ( ) 5. In Britain police officers are not allowed to join _ or to go on strike. A a choir B a political party C a trade union D a club ( ) 6 The Great Carter of 1215 is also known as _. A Peoples Charter B Magna Carta C Kings Charter D the Declaration of human rights ( ) 7 Henry was the first king of the _ dynasty. A Malcolm B Plantagenet C Windsor D Tudor ( ) 8. _ is the most typically English of sports A Cricket B Golf C Tennis D Horse-racing ( ) 9. By the Treaty of _ of 1842, China ceded _ to Britain.A Nanjing, Hong Kong B Tianjing, Hong KongC Nanjing, Macau D Tianjing, Macau ( ) 10. In _, the name Great Britain came into being. A 1689 B 1702 C 1701 D 1707 ( ) 11. The serious economic crisis in the late 1920s and the beginning of 1930s was first brought about by _. A the farm failure B the bank failures C the stock market crash D the high unemployment ( ) 12 What are the problems that the U.S. economy has faced from time to time?A Inflation B Depressions C Recessions D all of the above ( ) 13The real American literature began_. A after the war of Independence B after the Westward Movement C after the Civil War D after the Civil Rights Movement ( ) 14. In 1900, the United States ranked first in the production of _ .A coal B electricity C oil D wheat ( ) 15. In the United States, if the parents dont send their children to school at certain age, _ . A the state government will be responsible for it B they will educate the children themselves C they can save a lot of money D they are breaking the law ( ) 16. The U.S. and China established their diplomatic relations in _. A 1974 B 1972 C 1978 D 1979 ( ) 17 In his inaugural speech, _ said that “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” A Woodrow Wilson B Theodore Roosevelt C Franklin D. Roosevelt D George Washington ( ) 18. One of the characteristics of the American people is _ and it is said they are always _. A liberty, debating B aggressiveness, starting wars C mobility, on the move D greediness, making money ( ) 19. Hemingways most famous masterpiece was _. A The Sun Also Rises B A Farewell to Arms C For Whom the Bell Tolls D Old Man and the Sea ( ) 20. The system of higher education in the U. S. has three principle functions except _-. A teaching B research C public service D individual servicefollowing statements are T (true) or F (false) according to what you have learned. (10) ( ) 1 There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: Scotland, Wales and England. ( ) 2 Under Williams rule, the freeman were at the bottom of the feudal system. ( ) 3 The English Civil War is also called the Glorious Revolution. ( ) 4 In U.K, a Parliament has a maximum duration of 4 years. ( ) 5 Christmas Day, December 25th, celebrates the birth of Christ, and is the greatest of Christian festivals. ( ) 6 Chicago is known as the automobile capital of the world. ( ) 7 Between 1850 and1880, many early Chinese immigrants to the United States worked in the mining industry, especially in the gold mines. ( ) 8 The Pilgrims built a colony named Plymouth after they arrived in America. ( ) 9. The longest war that the United States has fought is the Civil War. ( ) 10. Higher education in the U.S consists of six types of institutions.三 Fill in the following blanks: (10)1 In 1066, England was conquered by the _ who were led by William the Conqueror.2 The greatest writer in the English language is _ .3 In criminal trials in Britain, the issue of guilt or innocence is to be decided by the _ while sentence is to be passed by the _ .4 The dominant broadcasting corporation in Britain is _, which is controlled by the state.5 The most famous leader of the American Civil Rights movement in the 1960s was _.6 The U.S. system of government has two layers of rule. They are the _ government and the _ government. 7. The National Day of the United States is _.8 Between 1946 and 1961, more than 63 million babies were born in the United States, who were known as the _ generation.四 Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. (30)1 What is the official name of Britain? 2 What were the main causes of the Hundred Years War? 3 What are the primary sources of British law? 4 How was the 1920s in the United States described by many historians? 5 What is the meaning of the “Lost Generation”? 6. What were the two guiding principles underlying America diplomatic activities in World War Two? 7. What are the three periods as far as the evolution the British economy since the Second World War is concerned? 8. What kind of economic system does the United States have? 9. Why is education very important to Americans? 10. What does the British Parliament consist of? 五 Explain each of the following terms in English. ( 10)1 Thanksgiving Day 2 the Civil Rights Act of 1964 六 Write between 100-120 words on EITHER of the following topics. ( 10)1. What is Thatcherism and what are the major components of Thatcherism? 2. In what sense was the War of 1812 important to the development of the United States? 参考答案一 1 DDCCC 6 BBAAD 11 CDAAD 16 DCCDD二 1 TFFFT 6 FTTFT三 1 Norman 2 Shakespeare 3 jury judge 4 BBC 5 Martin Luther King 6 Federal State 7 4, July 8 baby boom四1 The official name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Nortain Ireland. 2 Tthe main causes of the Hundred Years War were partly territorial and partly economic.3 The primary sources of British law are: (1) Statutes of Parliament; (2) common law; (3) equity law; (4) European Community law.4 The 1920s in the United States has been described by many historians as a period of material success and spiritual frustration or confusion and purposelessness.5 The “Lost Generation refers to those who are both physically and spiritually impotent.6 The first was to win the war; the second was to establish a postwar political structure in accord with American interests and to prevent the Soviet Union from over-expansion.7 (1) Steady development in the 50s and 60s; (2) Economic recession in the 70s; (3) Economic recovery in the 80s.8 The United state has a free-market economy with a dominant private sector.9. Because it contributes to developing the national strength and personal success.10 The British Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons. 五 1Thanksgiving Day is a typical American holiday. It is an annual day of thanks for the blessings people have enjoyed during the year. The theme of thanksgiving has been peace and plenty, health and happiness.2 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 It was signed into law by President Jonson in 1964. It outlawed discrimination not only in public housing, but also in employment on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.六1：The election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcher became the first woman prime minister in Britain. Her policies are popularly referred to as Thatcherism. It includ