被动语态(精品)

.,被动语态,ThePassiveVoice,.,被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,.,变化口诀：宾变主来,主变宾;谓变bedone,时不变;注意数格，抄其余。,.,Hisbrotherwashesfaceeveryday.,主,谓,宾,Face,iswashed,(by,hisbrother),everyday.,1.一般现在时的被动语态：,.,2.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.,Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.结构：am/is/are+过去分词,.,Exercises:1)TheyplayfootballonSunday.2)Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.,FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.,ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.,.,Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.,Thelittlebaby,waslookedafter,by,him,yesterday.,3.一般过去时：was/were+V.(p.p),.,Exercises:Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.,Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.,Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.,.,Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：will+be+过去分词,4.一般将来时：,.,Exercises:Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.,Asportsmeetingwillbehad(byus)nextweek.,Somephotoswillbetaken(bychildren)intheschoolyardtomorrow.,.,5含有情态动词的：情态动词+be+过去分词AmycantakegoodcareofGina,GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.,.,1)Hecantakecareofthebaby.2)Lucymaydrawthepictures.,Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.,ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.,Exercises:,.,6.现在进行时：Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow,Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时：am/is/are+being+V（p.p),.,Iwasdoingmyhomeworkat8:00lastnight,Myhomeworkwasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.过去进行时：was/were+being+V(p.p),7.过去进行时：,.,Wehavemadetwentymorekeys,Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时:have/has+been+V.(p.p),8.现在完成时：,.,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时：一般过去时：情态动词：一般将来时：现在进行时：现在完成时：过去进行时：,S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+doneS+will+be+doneS+am/is/are+being+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+was/were+being+done,.,被动语态中的特殊情况1.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。(动词后的介词不可省）e.g.Thestudentslistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.被动句：Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass.e.g.Theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool.被动句：Thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool.,.,2.当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补),并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“to”。（即：主动省to，被动加上to。）e.g.Theymakeusdoallthework.被动句：Wearemadetodoalltheworkbythem.e.g.Weoftenhearhersingsongs.被动句：Sheisoftenheardtosingsongsbyus.e.g.Isawhimwalktoschool.被动句：Hewasseentowalktoschoolbyme.这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to离开，被动句中to回来。（常考词有：make,see,hear,feel,watch,notice等。),.,3.当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语是指人，一个是指物)，将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；如是将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“for”。常见加to的动词有:give，send,teach，write,show,pass,ask,tell常见加for的动词有:make,buydraw,.,e.g.Hegivesmeaflowereveryday.被动1：Iamgivenaflowerbyhimeveryday.被动2：Aflowerisgiventomebyhimeveryday.e.g.Mymotherboughtmeacomputer.被动1：Iwasboughtacomputerbymymother.被动2：Acomputerwasboughtformebymymother.,.,4.系动词没有被动形式，主动形式表被动意义。常见的有taste（尝起来），sound（听起来），feel（摸起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来）等.例如：1)Theappletastesgood.2)Thesongsoundsgentle.,.,5.有些动词如:sell（卖），wash（洗），write(写）等与副词well（好），easily（容易地）等连用，描绘事物的特性，用主动表被动。例如：1)Thecoatwasheseasily.2)Thebookssellwell,.,1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives_forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_twiceamonth.,EXERCISES,areused,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,.,5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He_onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers_tohelpthem.,wasmadetohave,canbe,used,.,3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor._onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_toreturnthebookintime.,Theticketwasfound,wastold,.,9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)_somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_.,weweregiven,were,giventous,.,7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?_atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_ourwork_today?,Weremanytreesplanted,Mustbefinished,.,10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_bywomeninthisfactory.,wasasked,isdone,.,12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike_intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine_threetimesaday.,canbemended,mustbe,taken,.,14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?_thisquestionoften_about_?,isstudied,Is,talked,bythem,.,练习：1.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.2.TheymadecomputersintheU.S.A.3.Peopleusedknivesforcuttingthings.4.Peopleusedmetalformakingmachines.5.TheyproducesilkinSuzhouandHangzhou.6.TheyspeakEnglishinCanada.,.,7.TheywritebusinesslettersinEnglish.8.TheygrowriceinSouthChina.9.TheyplantmanytreesinNorthChina.10.LuXunwrotethisbook.11.Theworkersbuiltsomebridges.12.Wecanusetheboxasatable.13.Weshouldcleantheclassroomeveryday,.,练习：将下列句子变为被动句。1.LiLeilistenstohisfathercarefully.2.Themotherlookedafterthebabyintheroom.3.Wetookcareofthethings.4.Theygaveussomework.5.Theboymadethemlaughallthetime.6.Mymotherbuysmeabike.,.,下列时态的被动语态构成1.Lucyiswateringthetrees.2.The