牛津高中英语 模块三Unit3 Grammar 课件.ppt

Unit3Backtothepast,Grammarandusage,WhatdoyoucallyourEnglishteacher?WhatdoyouthinkofyourEnglishteacher?,WecallourEnglishteacherWeconsiderourEnglishteacherWefindourEnglishteacherWebelieveourEnglishteacher,consider+sb.+n./adj.find+sb.+n./adj.believe+sb.+n./adj.call+sb.+n.含命名意义的动词，如：call,name,appoint,elect,make,consider等。这类词所接的宾语补足语一般是名词。如Shefoundhimaverycleverboy.TheynamedthechildJimmy.Mymotherlookssoyoungthattheywouldthinkhermysister.,【注意】用作宾语补足语的名词表示独一无二的职位、头衔、称谓时，其前不能用冠词。例如：,JohnwaselectedChairmanofthestudentsunion.In1864LincolnwasmadePresidentoftheUnitedStatesforthesecondtime.Thequeenmadehimofficeroftheguard,Wecanseehimplayingbasketball.,感觉动词，如：see,observe,watch,notice,lookat,hear,listento,smell,feel等，这类词所接的宾语补足语可以是-ing形式，也可以是动词原形。如：Heheardadistantvoiceshouting.Didyouseeacarbeingdrivenaway?,“have+宾语+done”结构的含义：,(请人)把某事做完。ShehadherhouserepairedWheredidyouhaveyourhaircut.遭遇某种意外情况。(个人遭遇）HehadhishatblownawayonhiswayhomeShehadherwalletstolenyesterday.完成某事(自己也可能参与)。IhavehadallmyspellingmistakescorrectedHehashadonethousandyuansavedthisyear,leavesb/sthtodo/doing/done/adj/adv/prep,1.youshouldleavehimtodrawhisownconclusion.2Healwaysleaveshisroomuntidy.3IleftthedoorunlockedwhenIwentout.4Dontleavethecomputeronwhenyougoout.5Dontleavethewaterrunningwhilewashinghands.6Thisleftherwithoutarayofhope.,Objectcomplement1.Anobjectcomplementgivesinformationabouttheobject.2.Anobjectcomplementalwaysoccursinthispattern:verb+object+objectcomplement3.Anobjectcomplementcanbeanoun,anounphrase,anadjective,ato-infinitive,abareinfinitive,oraprepositionalphrase.,Wehaveoneticketforthe3DfilmTitaniconSunday;bothmyfriends,MingandHaiwanttogo.So,eitherMingorHaicanhavetheticket.Theyquarrelledwitheachotherovertheticket.Finally,IdecidedthatneitherMingnorHaishouldhavetheticket.WewilstayathomeonSundayandwatchthefilmontheInternet.3dtitanic.part,Eitherorandneithernor,-Ihavegotoneticketforthebasketballmatch._you_yourdesk-matecanhaveit.-IsitonSaturdayoronSunday?-ItisonnextMonday.-Oh,whatapity.Iamafraid_I_mydesk-matecanenjoyit.,1.由or，either.or.，neither.nor.，notonly.butalso.Notbut等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。2.由there，here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。,AreneitheryounorIfitforthejob？Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherisenjoyingthefilm.Hereisapenandsomepiecesofpaperforyou.,就近原则,Theteamhassomegoodplayers.Theteamarehandsome.,不定代词everybodyeveryoneeverythinganyoneanybodyanythingsomeonesomebodysomethingnobodynoonenothingeachtheother等作主语时,谓语动词用单数.Nothing_（be）difficultintheworldifyousetyourmindtoit.Someonetoseeyou.,由集体名词，如group,family,class,government,team,enemy,crowd,company,audience等作主语时,如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式,如果看成其中各成员,则用复数形式.注意：集体名词为people,police,谓语动词用复数形式,意义一致原则,and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词用复数。,HeandIarebothstudentsofthisschool.BothJackandRosearethemaincharacters.,Aknifeandforkisusedtohavemeals.,Thesingeranddancer_is_(be)onthestage.,Attention:1.由and连接的两个并列主语指同一个人或物，谓语动词用单数.,2.当主语后面跟有aswellas,asmuchas,alongwith,with,togetherwith,like,ratherthan,but,except,besides,including等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数由主语的单、复数而定。Theteacheraswellasthestudentsismovedbythelovestoryinthefilm.,语法一致原则,3、定冠词the+adj.（或过去分词）结构作主语，表示一类人，谓语动词常用复数形式，如：thebrave,thepoor,theblind,thesick,theunemployed等e.g.Thericharetohelpthepoor.Theoldaremorelikelytocatchcoldthantheyoung.,4、表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等复数名词，在表示单位数量用作主语时，通常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数。,Amilliondollars_(is/are)reallyalotofmoney.Sixtyyearsalongtime.（be）Threethousandmilesalongdistance.(be)Fiftykilogramesnottooheavytobecarried.(be),5、当主语由不定式、动名词或疑问词引导的句子充当时，谓语动词用单数。,1.ToholdtheOlympicGames_arichprizeforacountry.(be)2.Whatweneedmoretimeandmorematerials.由what,who,why,how,whether等引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数,6.由分数或百分数或alotof,lotsof,halfof,therestof,someof,mostof,allof,(a)partof+名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式与of后面的名词的数一致,Lotsofdamage_(be)causedbythefire.Somestudentsareplantingtrees.Therestofthem_(be)wateringthem.Ontheearthabout75%ofth