同位语从句讲解-1ppt课件

名词性从句之三-同位语从句,由NordriDesign提供,Nounclausesastheappositive,一、概念,同位语VS同位语从句,同位语：LauraMyers,aBBCreporter,askedforaninterview.LongYingtai,afamouswriter,divorcedherhusband.Wehavetwochildren,aboyandagirl.Mr.Lincaresforusstudentsverymuch.,Moreexamples?,一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词进行说明或解释，这个名词(或其它形式)就是另一个名词的同位语。同位语在主句中的作用相当于被修饰的名词的作用。如：,同位语的三种形式,Donna,thecheerleader,receivedabighugfromthefamousfootballer.ItisHenryAdams,anAmericanbusinessman,whoislostinLondonanddoesnotknowwhatheshoulddo.Thenewsthattheoilpricewillgodownisuntrue.(同位语从句）,1.名词作同位语Donna,thecheerleader,receivedabighugfromthefamousfootballer.2.短语作同位语Whoisthatman,thefirstinthefrontrow?3.句子作同位语Thenewsthattheoilpricewillgodownisuntrue.(同位语从句）,1.名词作同位语,2.短语作同位语,3.句子作同位语,二、同位语从句,是用来解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句，同位语从句在主句中的作用相当于被修饰的名词的作用。,例：Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool.Thethoughtthattheycouldacrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.Theyaskedmethequestionwhethertheworkwasworthdoing.Theproblemwhetheritisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided.Ihavenoideawherehelives.,析：theyhadwonthegame说明Thenews的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。,同位语从句的先行词,被同位语从句所修饰的名词称为先行词，常见到的先行词有：advice，announcement,answer,belief，chance,conclusiondemand,doubt,decision,evidence，explanationfact，feelinghope,idea,information,impressionmessage,newsorder,opinion,problem,promise,proposal,possibilityquestion,request,report,rumor,reasonsuggestion,thoughtwish,word,warning,这些词有什么共同点？,同位语从句的引导词,同位语从句的引导词有：that,whether，what,which,whowhen,where,how,why,1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略）例：Thegeneralgavetheorderthatthesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce.,2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“是否”的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句）例：Welldiscusstheproblemwhetherthesportsmeetingwillbeheldontime.,3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式“为什么”等含义，应用when,where,how,why等词引导同位语从句。例：Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.Theyraisedanotherquestionwhereweshouldgetthemoney.HehadnoideahowJoemanagedtogetoutofthewell.Thequestionwhysomanyanimalsdiedsuddenlyinthatarearemainsunsettled.,Exercises:1.Thefact_sheworkshardiswellknowntousall.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which2.Thefact_hewassuccessfulproveshisability.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.why3.Thenews_hewaskidnappedsurprisedusgreatly.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.when4.Hissuggestion_themeetingbedelayedwasturneddown.A.whichB.thatC./D.it5.Ihavenoidea_hewillstart.A.whenB.thatC.whatD./.,需注意的情况：,有时候主句的谓语比较短，同位语从句比较长，这个从句就不一定紧接在它所说明的名词后面。如：WordcamethatourChinesewomenteamhadbeatenJapanese.Thestorygoesthatthelostchildhasgoneabroad.Thethoughtcametohimthatthecriminalmighthavefled.,同位语从句与定语从句的区别,一、That引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别所表达的内容不同1.Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy.2.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormiscoming.,同：先行词的具体内容定：先行词的性质、特征等,1.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.2.Thesuggestion（that)theyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.,2.在句中所起的语法作用不同,同：that是连词，不充当任何成分，但不能省略定：that是关系代词，充当主语、宾语等，作宾语时可省略,二、whenwherewhy引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别whenwherewhy引导的定语从句，分别指前面先行词所表示的时间、地点、原因，否则为同位语从句。ThephotoremindsmeofthetimewhenIworkedfortheSouthernWeekly.Wehavenoideawhenhecamein.,同位语从句中的虚拟语气,在表示命令、请求、建议的名词后面所跟的同位语从句必须用虚拟语气，动词形式为（should）+动词原形,theyreceivedordersthatthework(should)bedoneatonce.,他们接到了立即干这个工作的命令。,Thisisouronlyrequestthatthis(should)besettledassoonaspossible.这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。,Mysuggestionthatwe_(send)moreworkerstohelpthemiswellreceived.我提出的我们应派更多的工人去帮助他们的建议很受欢迎。,（should）send,Ihaveahopethatallofyouwillgotocollege.2.Ihatethefactthathetoldme.3.Ihatethefactthathealwaystellslies4.Titanicistheshipthatsankintotheocean.5.Hemadeanexcusethathiscarbrokedownontheway.,同位语从句,定语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,同位语从句,判断以下是什么从句,真题回放,1.Thereismuchchance_Billwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.天津2006A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if2.Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt_acureforAIDSwillbefound.广东2005A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether3.Dannyleftwordwithmysecretary_hewouldcallagainthisafternoon.浙江2005A.whoB.thatC.asD.which,4.Doyouhaveanyidea_isactuallygoingoninthemeetingroom.辽宁2005A.thatB.whatC.asD.which5.Alongwiththeletterswa