高中英语阅读之猜词技巧(课堂PPT)

1,英语高考阅读理解解题策略之,猜测词义题,2,要求考生读懂书、报、杂志、网络中关于一般性话题的短文以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：、理解主旨要义；、理解文中具体信息；、根据上下文推断生词的词义；、作出判断和推理；、理解文章的基本结构；、理解作者的意图、观点和态度。,2012年高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求,3,Theword“address”inthesecondlineprobablymeans“_”.(2011辽宁）Theunderlinedword“it”inthesecondparagraphrefersto“_”.(2011福建）By“wewereallbesideourselves”,thewritermeansthattheyall_.(2011浙江）Theunderlinedword“spin-off”inParagraph4probablyrefersto_.(2011江西）,对考纲内熟词新义的猜测,对代词的猜测,猜测词义题目类型,对句义的猜测,对考纲外生词的猜测,4,常见的猜测词义题设问方式,1.Theunderlinedwordisclosestinmeaningtotheword?(2011广东等)2.Wecanlearnfromtheunderlinedpartthat(06辽宁)3.Theunderlinedword”it”inparagraphrefersto(2011湖南、福建等）4.Bysaying,theauthormeanstosaythatth(2011浙江)5.Theunderlinedsentenceinparagraphimplies/refersto/means(2011江西、天津等）,5,Usefulstrategies猜词技巧,StrategyI:,Commonsense常识,1.Birdsflywiththeirwings,andtheypickuptheirfoods,andtheneatthemwiththeirbeaksandtheyusetheirclawsfortearing,seizing,pullingorholdingobjects.,2.Mostoftherosesarebeginningtowitherbecauseofthecold.,“beak”heremeans_.,“wither”refersto_.,abirdsmouth,dryupanddie,6,真题演练：（福建卷）RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming.Thephrase“moppingup”intheparagraphmeans_.A.cleaningupB.takinginC.wipingoutD.givingout,7,真题演练：“Thepromisewasthatyoucoulduselesschemicalsandboostproduction.Butneitheristrue.”saidBillChristison.(2011陕西）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boost”probablymean?A.controlB.evaluateC.obtainD.increase,8,StrategyII:,Languagecontext有时用破折号括号冒号引号等符号引出或圈定的内容表示出来;有时还用thatis,or,thatistosay,inotherwords等词语引出,11,1.Archaeologyisthestudyoftheburiedremainsofancienttimes,suchashouses,pots,toolsandweapons.2.Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.3.Onthefarmtheymainlyraisepoultry,suchaschickens,ducksandgeese,fortheireggsandmeat.,小试身手：,考古学,牧羊人,家禽,12,MarydidntnoticemewhenIcameintotheclassroom,becauseshewascompletelyengrossedinhisreading.Tomisconsideredanautocraticadministratorbecausehemakesdecisionswithoutseekingtheopinionsofothers.,二.LogicalConnection根据逻辑关系进行判断,（根据因果关系）,常见的表示因果关系的信号词有:since,because,for,so,thus,consequently,therefore,dueto,resultin,asaresult,forthisreason,accordingly,v.全神贯注,adj.独断专行的,13,AndrewisoneofthemostsuperciliousmenIknow.Hisbrother，however，isquitehumbleandmodest.Agoodbosscanrecognizeinstantlytheadeptworkersfromtheunskilledones.Mrs.Smithisloquaciouswhileherhusbandisthesilenttype.A.活泼的B.好动的C.多嘴多舌的D.可爱的,常见表示转折，对比关系的信号词：but,yet,however,while,whereas(但是,而),otherwise,inspiteof,despite,eventhough,although,though,unlike,instead(of),ratherthan,ontheotherhand,still,by/incontrast,onthecontrary,（根据转折对比关系）,目空一切的，傲慢的,熟练的,14,Thehomelesspeoplemayhavebecomejoblessandthenbeenunabletopaytheirrentandsonolongerhavearoofovertheirheads.(陕西卷)Inparagraph2,“aroofovertheirheads”mostprobablymeans_.A.acapB.acarC.ahomeD.acovering,真题演练：,（根据因果关系）,15,“UnlikevitaminC,leadershipskillscantbeeasilyswalloweddown.Theymustbecarefullycultivated.”(广东卷)Theunderlinedwordroughlymeans_.A.encouragedB.comparedC.examinedD.developed,真题演练：,（根据转折对比关系）,16,StrategyIII：,1.(05重庆卷)Itstruethatlighthousewerebuiltinout-of-the-wayplace.2.Whenmenandwomenlivedbyhunting50,000yearsago,howcouldtheyevenbegintopicturemodernlife?3.Whenhereachedtheplacewithhisarmy,hefoundanimpassableriverinfrontofhim.,Word-formation,（合成形容词）,（词性变化）,（复合法，转化法，派生法）,（词的派生）,17,super-inter-mini-micro-someanti-co-post-pre-ship,在之间超易于的极小的反对后身份，资格微小一同，一起之前,18,Howtoguessthemeaningofwords?,19,仿真训练,20,EveryoneagreedthatthewomaninthephotowasgorgeousItwaseasytoseewhyshehadwonthebeautycontest“gorgeous”means“_.”TheheatofsunwarmssomeoceanwaterThesurfaceofthewaterevaporates，formingacloudofwarm，wetairthatmovesupward“evaporates”means“_.”,Haveatry,21,Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemadeuphismindtodosomething,hewontgiveituphalfway.A.weakB.firmC.kindD.cleverTheoldwomanhasastrangehabittokeepover100catsinherhouse.Herneighborallcallheraneccentriclady.A.爱猫的B.古怪的C.闲不住D.动物保护主义者Inmanycountriestherearetwofinancialextremes,frompenurytogreatwealth.A.便士B.温饱C.非常贫困D.虚弱,22,Thosenewcomerswerenotusedtothelifeinthesuburbswhichwassodifferentfromthatinsidethecity.A.townB.capitalC.countrysideD.houseChildrenarealwaysboasting.Theysaythingslike“MyDadscarisbiggerthanyourDads,”“MyMomissmarterthanyours.”and“Myfamilyhasmoremoneythanyours.”Theword“boasting”means_.A.骄傲B.吹牛C.顽皮D.幼稚,23,Amanspositionamongtheblack-tentpeopledependsonhisancestors,relatives,andfellowtribesmen.Iftheyarehonored,heisalsohonored.Iftheyaredisgraced,hetooisdisgraced.Thereforeonecarefullyguardsthehonorofhisfamily,hislineage(宗系),andhistribe.Theword“disgrace”means_inthistext.A.honorB.endangerC.proudD.shame,24,Althoughheoftenhadthechance,Mr.Brownwasneverabletostealmoneyfromacustomer.Thiswouldendangeredhispositionatthebank,andhedidnotwanttojeopardizehisfuture.Theword“jeopardize”means_inthistext.A.protectB.endangerC.continueD.stop,25,(北京卷)Itnowtakesyearsforscientist