Unit 9 Kids and Computers Digital Danger 练习答案

Unit 9 Kids and Computers: Digital DangerConsolidation ActivitiesI. Text Comprehension 1. Decide which of the following best states the authors purpose.A. To contrast video games with conventional games.B. To present his view on the negative effect of video games.C. To exhibit the positive effect of conventional games.D. To display how to develop childrens intelligence.Key: A 2. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1). Athletic activities help kids develop team spirit, gain confidence and a sense of fair play. T 2). Social scientists, parents, and critics will be debating for a long time how children have been affected by the change in the concept of play. T 3). The author is in favor of neither video nor conventional games. F 4). The fun a video game gives its player is only momentary and unsatisfying because it is derived from watching someone elses creation rather than from his own achievement. T 5). On Saturday, a young Internet queen hunches over her keyboard, alone in her room. Her buddy list includes dozens, even scores, of friends shes met. F 6). Children are learning in video games that they can enjoy their own activities and still be sensitive to the larger world around them. F II. Writing StrategiesThe text is a good piece of persuasive writing, the aim of which is to persuade the reader into believing what the writer thinks is true or correct. It is well-organized, falling neatly into three parts: the first two paragraphs the introduction, paragraphs 3-8 the body, and the last two short paragraphs the ending. The authors belief concerning the impact of computer games on kids is explicitly stated in the introduction after comparing the traditional games and the new forms of entertainment.Can you identify the sentence that states the authors view? The last sentence in paragraph 2 states the authors view.The main method used in this persuasive essay is contrast. Apart from the contrast made between two general types of games in the introduction, the author further adheres to contrast as his major means of development in the body of the essay. What contrasts has he made here? And what conclusions has he reached after each contrast?Three contrasts have been made in paragraphs 3-8, one in every two consecutive paragraphs.Paragraphs 3-4: the contrast between Play-Doh and video gamesThe conclusion: the former is creative and the latter is not.Paragraphs 5-6: the contrast between soccer games and chatting on the net. The conclusion: The former helps develop kids social abilities while the latter renders the kids poor at handling interpersonal relationships.Paragraphs 7-8: the contrast between Monopoly and video games.The conclusion: While playing the former, the kids are still sensitive to the larger world around them. When playing the latter, they are simply confined to their own world.The way the author ends the essay deserves our special attention. Instead of re-stating his view at the end, as is often the case, the author uses two short and simple questions. Do you think this is an effective way to bring the essay to a close?The last two questions, one an elliptical question and the other a rhetorical question, most effectively bring the essay to a close. The elliptical sentence forcefully pushes the reader to the thought of the grave consequence the digital games are likely to have. As the authors view has been explicitly asserted at the beginning of the essay, repetition may not be necessary. A rhetorical question here is a more effective way of saying It is too awful to think about the lesson. III. Language Work1.Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.1). When she tires of it, she can wad it back into a shapeless mass. is fed up with 2). The player is as much a tool of the game as the joystick. nothing but a tool of the game like the joystick 3). In the buddy-chat world, status is based on the ability to keep up a rapid pace of one-liners, insulting zingers, caustic put-downs. to come up with quickly 4). I shouldnt have to work at relationships. They come and go instantly and at my convenience. endeavor to enhance; according to my wish 5). Even when spoken to directly, he does not pull his eyes from the screen. look away 6). Far too often, even his parents, intimidated by the high-priced, high-tech gadget that has sucked their childs humanity away, tiptoe around rather than disturb him.has deprived their child of humanity2. Fill in each blank with one of the two words from each pair in their appropriate forms and note the difference of meaning between them.solitary lonely1). I would imagine she is quite lonely living on her own through the long summer nights.2). It was lonely work, involving long flights often at extreme high altitudes in freezing cold, to keep above the service ceiling of enemy fighters.3). Reading is a solitary activity that enriches the mind.4). Most of their time is spent in solitary prayer, but twice a day they would gather at a chapel in the central pare contrast1). The boys bedroom contrasts sharply with the guestroom in terms of light.2). I can only compare this experience of mine to that of falling in love.3). The flat was really very nice, but compared with what we used to have, it was a terrible letdown.4). There are in the room chairs and sofas of contrasting shapes and colours.momentary temporary1). Your debt situation is only temporary, and it is within your power to resolve it.2). The momentary pause of the speaker was immediately followed by cheers and applause.3). Under law, your employer has the power to hire a temporary worker to replace you.4). He rejects the view that violent people act out of momentary passion; on the contrary, they consciously construct violent plans of action for long.debate argue1). They argued ferociously over who should pay the bill.2). The House of Commons is to debate once again whether to bring back the death penalty.3). Bank officials argued that it is not their job to chase down every asset of every bank debtor.4). Articles poured in, debating the merits and demerits of the three candidates.3. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box, using its appropriate form.solitaryintimidatefuriouscoordination momentarypundittangibleillusioningeniousvoidcynicallyinstantaneous1). Town planning and land allocation has to be coordinated.2). She admits that her height is intimidating for some men.3). Most young people in the West are expected to leave what could be the lifes most momentous decision marriage almost entirely up to luck.4). What decided him was a cynical question: If I fail, Ill be no worse off than I am now, will I? 5). He was forced to romanticize the past as he became increasingly disillusioned with his present.6). The approach fails to take into consideration intangibles such as pride of workmanship, loyalty and work habits.7). The declaration was null and void as it was proclaimed in completely illegal circum-stances.8). Abortion is an issue which has produced a lot of sound and fury, but little reasoned argument.4. Make a sentence of your own for each of the given words with meanings other than those used in the text. You may change the part of speech of these words.1). fair In an effort to look older, she has pinned her fair hair into a French pleat. 2). peck She walked up and pecked him on the cheek. 3). sterile The doctor always made sure that any cuts were protected by sterile dressings. 4). ward The main part of the hospital is pretty dismal, but the childrens ward is really lovely. 5). stalk These decorations were made out of delicate arrangement of corn stalks.6). hunch Acting on a hunch, he ran a computer check over the statistics reported by his subordinates. 5. Transform the following sentences, using existential there.1). Some people will be looking forward to your success in the experiment. There will be people looking forward to your success in the experiment.2). A lawn extends from the house to the river. There is a lawn that extends from the house to the river. 3). Many accidents have occurred at the crossroads since the beginning of this year. There have been many accidents at the crossroads since the beginning of this year. 4). A meeting is to be held about the planning of the university. There is to be a meeting about the planning of the university. 5). A large number of valuable jewels were stolen last week. There were a large number of valuable jewels stolen last week.6). An important message is being decoded. There is an important message being decoded. / There is being decoded an important message. 7). We have no objection to anyone borrowing books from this library. We have no objection to there being anyone borrowing books from this library. 8). They do not want anything unexpected to occur. They do not want there to be anything unexpected. 9). Any plant needs light and water. There is no plant that doesnt need light and water. 10). A time will come when you will look back on this day with pride. There will be a time when you will look back on this day with pride Note: Existential sentences are principally those beginning with the unstressed word there, followed by a form of the verb be. Existential there, which for most purposes is the grammatical subject, is a device for leaving the subject position vacant of content, and may be regarded as an empty slot-filler. Regular clauses may be transformed into existential clauses by means of a general rule:subject + (auxiliaries) + be + predication= there + (auxiliaries) + be + subject + predication6. Put a word in each blank that is appropriate for the context.For years, it was predicted that libraries would become superfluous mausoleums for books when so much was available online. Indeed, library visits now far exceed annual (1) attendance at sporting events, concerts, and museums combined. It turns out that the very electronic revolution that was (2) supposed to make libraries obsolete has made them indispensable. Computers have attracted all kinds of people who had never been in libraries before (3) but want to research what camera to buy or just see whats for sale on E-Bay, says Martin Mason, who oversaw the five-year $90 million renovation and expansion of the Cleveland Public Library, (4) which reopened with Internet ports every 5 feet, a drive-up window for pickups and returns, and 30 miles of bookshelves.Even as technology lightens some of the load, a recent convention of the American Library Association showed that it brings complications, too. Electronic books that can be downloaded on (5) demand will offer relief for cramped stacks, but publishers have yet to decide (6) how to charge libraries for the service. And (7) while more than 80% of libraries offer Internet access, the debate over (8) whether to install anti-pornography filters has yet to be settled, which gets at a very old-fashioned (9) conflict between the librarys role as caretaker of books and server of the public. As Ginnie Cooper, director of libraries for Mulnomah County, put it, Its more important to help people find what they want on the Net (10) rather than decide what they cant see. IV. Translation1. Translating Sentences1). 总的说来，这个公司的前景显得相当美好。 (outlook) Overall the outlook for the company seems fairly rosy. 2). 我不赞同儿童玩电子游戏的一个原因是其中有太多的假想的暴力场面。(make-believe) One of reasons why I disapprove of kids playing video games is that there tend to be too many make-believe scenes of violence. 3). 一天又一天做同样形式的练习会让学生厌倦这些练习。 (tire of) Doing the same type of exercises day after day would easily get students tired of them. 4). 我已安排好周四同他共进午餐，届时我将向他透露我的计划。 (unfold) Ive arranged a lunch with him next Thursday at which Im going to unfold my proposal. 5). 请填好所附表格，尽快寄往所示地址。 (at ones convenience) Please fill in the form attached and send it to the address shown at your earliest convenience. 6). 美国总统竞选中最厉害的奚落语之一是“他绝不是杰克肯尼迪”。 (put-down) One of the biggest put-downs of the American presidential election campaign was the comment that he was no Jack Kennedy. 7). 一位英国学者最近在自然杂志上撰文指出，人类的一切行为都是为了引起他人的注意。 (engage ones attention) Recently a British scholar wrote in Nature, pointing out that all the human acts are intended to engage others attention. 8). 为了帮助他们的孩子获得社会竞争的信心，家长经常在家庭游戏比赛中故意输给孩子。 (gain confidence) In order to help their kids gain confidence in social competition, parents often pretend to lose in games at home. 2. Translating PassageTranslate the following into Chinese.A long, long time ago, people rose with the sun, and set with it. Nobody cared if it was sunny somewhere else. Voices didnt carry across the planet. Time was a local concept: time to milk the cows, time to get in the wheat and rice, time to sit and rest. Who knows when the changes began; all these have changed. Today, commerce and communication never cease but go around the clock. On cable TV news shows, event did not happen at such and such hour, but an hour or thirty minutes ago. Local time is no longer the meaning marker of events.参考译文从前，人们日出而作，日落而息。没有人关心其他地方是否阳光灿烂。声音传达不到地球的另一端。时间只是一个区域性概念：挤牛奶有规定的时间，收割稻麦有规定的时间，坐下来休息也有规定的时间。不知从哪一天起，这些事情都发生了变化。今天，商务和通讯24小时不停地进行着。有线电视新闻节目中报道的事件不再是哪个小时发生的，而是一小时或30分钟前的事情。当地时间不再是一个有意义的事件标志。V. Oral Activities1. Giving A TalkI remember reading an article a few years ago about the headaches that TV caused to parents. And today its the turn of digital games to give a lot of troubles to parents that have found their kids engrossed in various video games. Probably you are still in your teens. Can you tell some story about how you indulged yourself in computer games?You could begin your talk with “I was one of the first students in my class who got a laptop. ”(For reference)I was one of the first students in my class who owned a laptop. It is undeniable that I did enjoy lots of benefits with the help of my laptop in my studies. However, shortly after I stored a few games, such as World of Warcraft, Halo, Mass Effect, in my machine, I began to use it exclusively for playing games. At first, I would play games only during my spare time; however, I became so obsessed in the games that I would seek for new and challenging games and play them even in class. At home, I always dodge into my own room, leaving my papa and mama the impression that I was working very hard at my lessons. After a telephone conversation between my teacher and my papa, I was finally caught red-handed while bending over the monsters in the screen. He was so exasperated that he took away the laptop. Whats the use? Without a personal laptop, I went to the computer bars!2.Having A DiscussionWhenever new things show up in the world, there are people for them and people against them. It is also true with computer activities and video games. The truth is, however, that the world has entered the IT age, and people cant possibly survive without computer. But on the other hand, some children have been preoccupied with computer games, incurring a heavy loss of time in their study. Have a discussion about the merits and demerits of computer games.(For reference)Every coin has two sides. And how could video games be harmful only? They must have some advantageous effects. Its really a matter of the extent to which we spend our time on the games. We hope that the following ideas could help you in your discussion.In order to support your viewpoints, you need to prove that the computer game you prefer has the following advantages:a) It gives you more pleasure and relaxation.b) It is better for your physical and mental health.c) It helps more in developing your intelligence and academic competence.d) It costs less.e) It occupies less of your time.Definitely, however, three aspects might be taken into consideration when we think about the negative effects:a) Wired entertainment does not usually require kids to bring their imaginations into full play;b) Wired entertainment deprives kids of much opportunity to get in contact with other people, thus becoming incompetent in socialization;c) Wired entertainment makes kids unable to always keep alert to the outside world.VI. WritingTraditionally, professionals such as doctors, engineers, and teachers are respected for their outstanding contributions to society, but now many people are crazy about entertainers. What do you think of this phenomenon? Write an essay of about 400 words to present your opinion on it. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay.In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate reasons. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. WritingIn writing your essay, you would probably find the following transitional devices for reasons useful:1. For one thing;2. For another; and3. What is also worth mentioning is that Writing: Essay Development by cause and effect (sample)GREAT CONTRIBUTIONS MADE BY ENTERTAINERSIt is commonly believed that only those professionals such as doctors, engineers, and teachers should be respected for their outstanding contributions to society. But in my opinion, entertainers realize the same social value, make great achievements and win the approval of society as professionals.For one thing, as one of the walks of life, entertaine