unit7grammar.ppt

Unit7Internationalcharities,Passivevoiceinthesimplepresentandpasttenses,Grammar,n.传单,散页印刷品,handouttheleaflet,分发,提出,1.,andabout80percentofthesecasescanbepreventedandcured.2.Theplaneisalsousedasatrainingcenter.3.Also,localdoctorsandnursesareinvitedonboardtolearnabouteyeoperations.4.,150patientsareoperatedon.,TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChinese.,语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。如：Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.我们每天都打扫教室。Theclassroomiscleaned(byus)everyday.教室每天都被(我们)打扫。,被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时,被动语态的基本构成,ThecakewaseatenbyDaniel.2.Nancyboughtabookyesterday.3.ThelittledogislookedafterverywellbySimon.4.HeisreadingEnglish.5.Thecomputerisboughtbymyuncle.6.Iamwokenupbymyfathereverymorning.,Underlinethepassivevoiceinthefollowingsentences.,Noneofthebookswastakenaway.,没有一本书被拿走。,动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。,被动语态的基本用法,Thetoyisdesignedforchildren.,在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。,这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。,需要强调动作的承受者时。,Mybikewasrepaired.,我的自行车修好了。,Theproblemwastalkedaboutjustnow.,出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。,这个问题刚才被讨论过。,MrWuislikedbyallofhisstudents.,所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。,在被动语态的句子中,如果我们需要指出动作的执行者,可以由by引出。,有些动词常用于被动语态。如：HewasborninNanjing.他生于南京。ThemobilephonewasmadeinChina.这部手机是中国制造的。,注意:,1.TodayEnglish_alloverChina.A.teachB.teachesC.istaughtD.aretaught2.Themeeting_twoweeksago.A.holdB.washeldC.wereheldD.isheld3.Thethief_bythepolicelastnight.A.caughtB.iscaughtC.wascaughtD.werecaught,4.Thephotos_whenIwasyoung.A.weretakenB.wastakenC.aretakenD.istaken5.Millieismybestfriend.I_often_toherparty.A.isinvitedB.aminvitedC.areinvitedD.wasinvited6.LastyearBeijing_byabigsandstorm.A.ishitB.werehitC.willbehitD.washit,主动语态和被动语态的句式转换,主动+谓语+双宾语的句式转换,1.有些动词,其主动语态形式含有被动意义。如:系动词smell,taste,sound,feel等。Thedishsmellsgood.这道菜闻起来很香。Themusicsoundsnice.这段音乐听起来不错。,注意:,还有一些不及物动词,常用主动语态,和well,easily等副词连用,含有被动意义。如:read,write,draw,sell,wash,cook,clean等。Thebookssellwell.这些书很畅销。Thepenwritessmoothly.这支笔写起来很顺滑。2.在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态句式中,动词不定式的to常省去,但是在被动语态中要加上to。,TheClass1,Grade8studentsaretalkingaboutthedifferentthingspeoplecandoforthepoor.Lookatthepicturesandhelpthemcompletetheirnotesusingthewordsinbracketsandthepassivevoice.Addthewordbywhennecessary.,areplannedtohelpthepoor,Whattheydoeveryyear,1.Charityactivities_(plan/tohelpthepoor).,arehandedouttopeople,Leaflets_(handout/topeopleinthestreet/volunteers).,inthestreetbyvolunteers,ToysandCDs_(sell/toraisemoney).,aresoldtoraisemoney,Whattheydidlastweek,Newbooks_(send/tochildreninpoorareas/theClass1,Grade8students).,weresenttochildreninpoor,areasbytheClass1,Grade8students,Warmclothes_(collect/forpoorpeople).,werecollectedforpoorpeople,Acharityshow_(hold/theStudentsUnion).,washeldbytheStudentsUnion,AmyandDanielaretalkingaboutcharities.Completetheirconversationwiththewordsinbracketsusingthepassivevoice.,Amy:ImreadingabookaboutOxfam.Daniel:Really?Pleasetellmeaboutit.,Amy:OK.Oxfam_(setup)intheUKin1942,andthefirstOxfamshop_(open)in1948.Nowithasabout15,000shopsinallovertheworld.Alotofthings_(sell)inOxfamshops,includingbooks.Themoney_(use)byOxfamtohelppoorpeople.,wassetup,wasopened,aresold,isused,Daniel:Thatsgood.TherearealsosomecharityprojectsinChina.Oneofthem_(call)ProjectHope.It_(start)in1989.Withitshelp,millionsofpoorchildrenalloverthecountry_(give)basiceducation.,iscalled,wasstarted,aregiven,Amy:Yea.Manyschools_(build)inpoorareaseachyear.,arebuilt,Exercises,把下列主动语态的句子变为被动语态,或把被动语态的句子变为主动语态。,1.TomeoftenhelpsJennywhensheisintrouble.JennyisoftenhelpedbyTomwhensheisintrouble.,2.Iboughtacomputerlastweek.Acomputerwasboughtbymelastweek.3.ThewholecakewaseatenbyEddieyesterday.Eddieatethewholecakeyesterday.,4.Manytreesareplantedbystudentsandteacherseveryyear.Studentsandt