ojvAAA原创题阅读

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A，B，C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 AI first met Joe Gumps when we were both 9 years old, which is probably the only reason he is one of my best friends. If I had first met Joe as a freshman in high school, we wouldnt even have had the chance to get to know each other. Joe is a day student , but I am a boarding student. We havent been in the same classes, sports or extracurricular activities. Nonetheless, I spend nearly every weekend at his house, and we talk on the phone every night. This is not to say that we would not have been compatible if we had first met in our freshman year. Rather, we would not have been likely to spend enough time getting to know each other, due to the lack of immediately visible mutual interests.In fact, to be honest, I struggle even now to think of things we have in common, but maybe thats what makes us enjoy each others company so much. When I look at my friendship with Joe, I wonder how many people Ive known whom I never disliked but simply didnt take the time to get to know. Thanks to Joe, I have realized how little basis there is, for the social division that exist in every community. Since this realization, I have begun to make an even more determined effort to find friends in unexpected people and places.21. Why does the author say Joe Gumps became one of his best friends?A. They shared mutual friends in school.B. They had known each other since children. C. They shared many extracurricular activities.D. They had many interests in common. 22. According to the writer, what may be the obstacle for him not to spend time to know others?A. That he doesnt like others company. B. Being strange to others.C. The lack of obvious mutual interests. D. That hes busy doing other important things23. What has the writer learned from his friendship with Joe?A. Durable friendships can be very difficult to maintain.B. One has to be respectful of other people in order to win respect. C. It is hard for people from different backgrounds to become friends.D. Social divisions will break down if people get to know each other.BAs we all know, everybody needs to sleep, but do you know what people stay up late to catchor wake up early in order not to miss? The answer varies by culture. From data collected, it seems the things that cause us to lose the most sleep, on average, are sporting events, time changes, and holidays. Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the start or end of daylight savings time(夏令时). Russians, for example, began to wake up about a half-hour later each day after President Vladimir Putin shifted the country permanently to “winter time” starting on October 26，2014. Russias other late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays. On New Years Eve, Russians have the worlds latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3:30 am. Russians also get up an hour later on International Womens Day, the day for treating and celebrating female relatives. Similarly, Americans late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps fall on three-day weekends. Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey(冰球）final. The World Cup is also chiefly responsible for sleep deprivation(剥夺）, The worst night for sleep in the U.K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14. Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup. 24. What does the author say about peoples sleeping habits? A. They vary from person to person. B. They change with the seasons. C. They are culture-related D. They affect peoples health.25.What do we learn about the Russians regarding sleep? A. They get less sleep on public holidays. B. They dont sleep much on weekends. C. They dont fall asleep until very lateD. They sleep longer than people elsewhere. 26. What is the major cause for Europeans loss of sleep? A. The daylight savings time. B. The colorful night life. C. The World Cup. D. The summertime. 27. What does the underlined sentence mean?A. The sun hardly casts sunlight on northern countries in the summertime.B. Night hardly falls in northern countries in summer.C. There is almost no sunshine in northern countries in the summertime.DThe sun only shines in northern countries in summer.CNowadays, parents are faced with more pressure while bringing up their kids. we want our children to reach their full academic potential. We read to them, encourage their special talents, and support them when they have problems. If they choose to participate in music or sports, we also help them reach their potential in those areas. These are all good goals. There is, however, an even more important goal. It is a goal more difficult than excellence in arithmetic or soccer or the violin. Parents are responsible for providing their children with a moral compass. They need to nurture and treasure goodness in their children. Every child has the capacity to become a good, decent human being. To fulfill this capacity, children need the guidance and support of parents and other adults. Raising good, moral children is the most important job we will have. What is a good, decent human being? While we may differ on some details, most would agree that respect for others, kindness and caring, honesty and honor, and a reverence (尊重)for life are key. Good, decent human beings are people with a firm sense of direction and purpose - a moral compass - to guide their lives. Children need our help to develop these characteristics and values. However, goodness is not easy for an adult, and it is even more difficult for a child. They do not have the knowledge, experiences, or cognitive skills to understand the impact and consequences of their actions. Reinforcement is sometimes an efficient approach to building positive behavior. The child behaves in a desired way and the parents provide reinforcement. The behavior then typically increases in frequency. This approach works for teaching Please and Thank you. The new behavior is maintained, because it helps the child get along in the world.Loving, everyday interactions are the beginning of raising moral children. The child who falls and receives adult concern learns how to treat others kindly when they stumble(绊倒). The child who makes a mistake and is encouraged to try again learns how to support others. When parents intercede(调解) graciously for their child, the child can see the basis for friendship. When we treat children with respect and care, we provide a positive model of how to behave. These early experiences establish patterns for their treatment of others. 26. What are adults supposed to do to make children become good, decent human beings? A. set a good example and give positive instructions to children B. encourage their children to be a man with high honesty C. support their children when they have problems D. encourage their children to learn more knowledge about sports or music 27. Why is it difficult for a child to act with honor and kindness?A. Because it is difficult for adults to do so.B. Because a child is not mature enough to do so.C. Because a child does not understand the abstract concept of “goodness”.D. Because a child does not have a model to follow.28. Why does the author talk about teaching Please and Thank you (L4, Para 5)? A. To demonstrate that saying Please and Thank you is a good habit. B. To demonstrate that politeness is the nature of a moral compass. C. To demonstrate that politeness helps the child get along in the world. D. To demonstrate that reinforcement is an efficient approach to building positive behavior. 29. Which of the following can express the main idea of the last passage? A. Adults should treat children with love. B. Adults should have more positive communication with children. C. Adults should treat children with respect and care. D. Adults should provide a positive model of how to behave for children. DAside from their daily diets people also take some supplements. According to one definition, the word supplement means something added to complete a thing, to extend or strengthen the whole. Supplements can be very beneficial but you must be careful because, like any drug, all supplements pose potential risks. Before you start taking any, check with your doctor first. A supplement may be natural but that doesnt mean taking it is completely without risk. Many, if not all, supplements have the potential to interact with prescription or over-the-counter drugs, cause harmful side effects if taken inappropriately, or even make existing medical conditions worse. Thats why its critical that you tell your health care providers about any supplements you take. In a University of Michigan study one-third of the patients taking supplements were using ones that could interact with their heart medications. Be especially cautious if youre taking blood-thinning medication like aspirin, Coumadin (warfarin), or Plavix (clopidogrel); many supplements, such as ginkgo biloba (银杏),ginseng (人参), garlic, vitamin E, fish oil, and coenzyme (辅酶) Q 10, also have blood-thinning properties, and the combined effect could lead to dangerous bleeding. Also, the label may saynatural but that doesnt mean the supplements are any safer than medicinal drugs. They still include chemicals that have an effect on your body; thats why they work. So dont exceed the recommended dose, and dont take any supplement longer