M3U3reading-2-导学案

宿豫中学高一英语 导学案 M3U3 reading (2) 2016.3.7M3U3 READING (2)一、词汇1. vt. 兴建，创建 n. 创办 n 创办人，设立者 2 adj. 富裕的，有钱的 n. 财富 _ 丰富地；富裕地 3. n. 残留物 vi. 剩余；依然 _ adj 剩余的 4. vt. 毁坏，摧毁 n. 破坏，毁灭 _ _ adj. 破坏的，毁灭性的吸 5. v. 爆炸；爆发 n. 爆炸；爆发 _ adj.爆发的6 n. 学者 n. 奖学金 7 n财富；运气 adj 幸运的 adv 幸运地 adj. 不幸的8. adj. 文化的 n. 文化；教养9. vi. 喷出；爆发 n. 爆发10. vt. 装饰 n. 装饰，装潢 二、语言点1. (教材P42)On 24 August AD 79，the volcano erupted and lava，ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside.pourvi.涌流，倾泻 vt.倒出(液体)She poured coffee for everyone._-It never rains but it pours. _ She poured out her worries about her husbands health to the doctor._Letters have been pouring into the office complaining about this kind of TV set._I had just got home when the rain poured_down_2.Many people were buried alive, and so was the city. bury v埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 _ 使陷入，埋头于 be buried in (doing) sth _ _ 陷入沉思中拓展 be lost in_ be caught in_ be devoted to_be absorbed in_ be addicted to_(1)She was sitting with her head _(埋头于) in a newspaper.(2)_ deep down in the earth，the dead forests rotted away and became coal. ABurying BBuried CTo bury DHaving buried本句中and so was the city相当于the city was buried，too。“sobe/助动词/情态动词主语”的结构，常用来表示与上句有相同的情况或动作，其中so代表上句所述的情况或动作，意为“也是这样/如此”。He is tired，and _他累了，我也累了。You can speak English，and_ 你会说英语，我也会。 (2)若上句既出现了be动词，又出现了实义动词或其他形式的动词时，或上句是一个并列句，两个分句的主语一个指人，一个指物时，若下句要表示同样的情况，要用so it is/was with.或it is/was the same with.的句型。Mark was a diligent student and worked very hard，and_.Mark是一个勤奋的学生，学习很努力，Charlie也一样。so it was with/it was the same with Charlie(3)若上句是一个否定句，则下句不能用so，而用neither或nor，句型为“neither/norbe/助动词/情态动词主语”，表示后者“同样也不”。He has not been to New York.他没去过纽约。_我也没去过。She dislikes him.她不喜欢他。_我也是。 你如果在会上发表意见，我也发表。If you give your opinion at the meeting，_3.(教材P43)Its hard to imagine how this peaceful volcano destroyed the whole city!很难想象这座平静的火山是如何毁掉整座城市的！destroyvt.毁坏；摧毁易混辨析ruin/damage/destroyruin 表示“毁灭、毁坏”，是指在一定过程中逐渐对物体进行破坏，使其毁灭。也可用于抽象意义。 damage 表示“损害、损坏”，通常是指对物体的部分损害，往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能可能降低，但这种破坏具有可修复性。damage也可用于指抽象意义。可用作动词或名词，作名词时与介词to搭配，如cause damage to。 destroy 表示“毁坏”，通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭，其功能无法或难以修复，也可用于损坏抽象的东西，如名誉、计划、契约等。 ruin v.毁坏；使破产；n.毁坏；破产；废墟in ruins 毁坏；成为废墟 fall/come into ruin 逐渐破碎bring.to ruin 使失败；使毁坏过度吸烟损害了他的健康。_【活用】用上述词汇完成下列句子(1)Smoking seriously_ your health.(2)The earthquake _ several stores in the business district.(3)The whole supermarket was _ in a great fire.4.(教材P43)Sven found the remains of buildings buried beneath the sand.remainsn遗物，遗迹，遗骸We found the remains of a meal on the table.我们在桌子上发现了剩下的饭菜。His remains was buried in the churchyard. 他的尸体埋葬在教堂的墓地里。left 作后置定语Much remained _(do) 还有许多事有待去做。Very little of the house remained after the fire._She used the _50 dollars to buy her mother a skirt.她用剩下的五十美元给她妈妈买了一条裙子。the _money =the money _剩余的钱(6)It _ whether he will pass the exam. 他是否能通过考试仍然不确定。5. Near the city was a volcano.城市附近有一座火山。本句为完全倒装句。一般来说，当表示地点的介词短语或副词位于句首时，常使用完全倒装。On the desk_.桌上放着一些鲜花。Beyond the river _.河的那边住着一位老渔夫。全部倒装是把谓语动词完全置于主语之前(其中主语必须是名词，若为人称代词则不倒装)。这种结构中的谓语动词无助动词和情态动词，但可以有连系动词be。有以下几种情况：(1)there be句型：有时该句型中也可用其他表示存在意义的动词代替be。如live，remain，come，stand，go，lie，exist等。Eg. There stands a tree .(2) “Here, There, Now, Then + come/lie/ stand/go/seem (或be等) + 主语” 结构。Eg. Here comes a bus .除了then引导的句子常用过去式,如果表示一种生动的 .描述时则常用一般现在时。注意：如果主语是人称代 词,就不用倒装。如1)Here you are. 2)There she comes. (3). 表示方向的副词out, in, up, down, on, away等置于句首,要用全部倒装,且主语必须是名词The girl went out. Out_ The water from the top of the mountain came down. Down_正误判断：In came the teacher . （） In came he.（）(4). “分词/adj/(代词such) + be + 主语”结构 因主语较长，谓语很短，为了使句子平衡把某一成分放在句首，主谓全部倒装。1) Walking at the head of the line is our teacher who is from Suqian.2)Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people. 3)Present at the conference were General Manager, Vice-general Managers and 215 directors. 4)Such was the story he told me.(5). 直接引语的部分或全部位于句首时，点明说话人的部分主谓语要倒装。 “Id like to come back and see Monets garden,”said my aunt. “This,” said the artist, “is the most beautiful place I have ever seen.”6. take over 接管；接任；接收take 短语小结:take apart 拆开 take away 拿走 take over 接管 take back 取回；收回take care 小心 take care of 照顾 take along 随身携带 take up拿起;从事;占据 take down 取下,记下 take for当作，误认为 take in 吸收；欺骗； take off起飞；脱下 take on呈现；雇佣 take out 取出 1）、After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane _ her job as a doctor in the countryside.（08全国）A. set out B. took over C. took up D. set up选词填空 take apart, take over, take off, take in (1)Im sure that he will _his fathers business when he is experienced enough.(2)At that time，we _by his innocent，boyish look.(3)Ten years hardworking made his career_.(4)He _the computer _piece by piece last night.7. When I walked around the city, I saw streets just as they had been, with stepping stones alone the road. 走在古城中，我看到原样保存下来的街道，上面铺满了脚踏石。as + be 就似现在/那时的样子as it is /as it was/ as they are/ as they were/as it/ they had beenas可以作连词、介词及关系代词。其用法小结如下:一、as作连词的用法:1）.作当的时候,引导时间状语从句。A)用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行,指一边,一边Thegirldancesasshesingsonthestage.B)表示两个同步发展的动作或行为,译为随着Astimewenton/by, Aschildrengetolder, with time going on /by with children getting older 2）.as作“既然、由于”解,引导原因状语从句,常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理由。As he is not well, I decide to go without him.3）.as=inthewaythat,作“像、按照的方式”解,引导方式状语从句。Remember,youmustdoeverythingasIdo.4）.用于as.as.或notso/as.as.中,前一个as是副词,后一个as是连词,引导比较状语从句.IdontspeakEnglishso/aswellashedoes.5）.作虽然、尽管解,引导让步状语从句。常用倒装语序,即adj./adv./n./ 动词原形+as+主语+-，主句。Child as he is , he knows a lot.1) _, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.(2005重庆卷)AA quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student2) _ , Carolina couldnt get the door open. (2005广东卷)A. Try as she might B. As she might tryC. She might as try D. Might she as try3) _, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.(2001上海卷)As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much二、as作关系代词,引导定语从句,作正如、这一点解。Asiswell-known,TaiwanbelongstoChina.另外,当先行词被thesame,such, so, 等词修饰时,常用as来引导定语从句。She is wearing the same coat as her sister was wearing at yesterdays party 1).This is such a wonderful film _ we have never seen.that B. as C. which D. what2) ._ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. (2005浙江卷)A. When B. After C. As D. Since三、as作介词的用法: Sheworksasadoctor. Theyhavemeasoneoftheirownchildren四、as作副词的用法1、用于“as+ adj./adv. +as”，表示同级比较，“同一样”；否定句可用not as/so +adj./adv.+ as,表示“不如那样”。1) What a table! Ive never seen such a thing before. It is _ it is long. (2005湖北卷)A. half not as wide as B. wide not as half as C. not half as wide as D. as wide as not half2）I feel that one of my main duties _ a teacher is to help the students to become better learners. (2004广东卷)A. for B. by C. as D. with2、在asas所比较的形容词接名词时，形容词应放在名词前，如有冠词，则应该把冠词放在形容词和名词之间。所比较的两个名词必须是性质一致、可以并列的。1) Our neighbor has _ ours. (2003北京卷)Aas a big house as B. as big a house as C. the same big house as D. a house the same big as 2) It is general believed that teaching is _ it is a science.(NMET2001)A. an art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as 自测题：1). Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop.（09四川）A. seated B. seating C. to seatD. seat2). This problem may lead to more serious ones if _ unsolved.A. making B. left C. remained D. keeping3).The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _. A .20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars to remain C .remained 20 dollars D. remaining20dollars4）We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all _.（09安徽）A. given away B. kept away C. taken up D. used up5）Not knowing much of the world yet, simple-minded teenagers are easily _.A.taken up B. taken in C. taken on D. taken off6）.According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer _a woman. （09江西）A. thanB. such C. so D. as7.)My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice _ expensive.（09四川） A. as B. soC. too D very8.)I like this jacket better than that one ,but it costs almost three times _.（08浙江）A. as much B. as many C. so muchD. so many9.)_I explained on the phone , your request will be considered at the next meeting. （05浙江）A. When B. After C. As D. Since10）There _. And here _.A.goes the phone; she comesB. is the phone going; is sheC. does the phone go; does she comeD. the phone goes; come she11）Is everyone here? (2010江苏高考) Not yet . Look, there_ the rest of our guests!Acome B.comes Cis coming Dare coming12）John and Sandy argued all the time, which completely _ the party.AdestroyedBdamaged Cruined Dbroke13). Out _, with a stick in his hand.A. did he rush B. rushed heC. he rushed D. he did rush14). _ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him.A.Jumped down the robberB. Jumped the robber downC. Down jumped the robber D. Down the robber jumped15) Near the church _